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C ` $#C  )4  &Times RomanBold$35;AGMU]c3I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)($      c$  C ` $$`CXX-:Ԁ  1    o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo  SeeApplicationofOrbitalCommunicationsCorporation,datedFebruary28,1990,FileNo.22DSSP  90(20).-XUX-:XXX-XU(!2$ !  C ` $#C  XX-:Ԁ  0    c$  C ` $$`CXX-:Ԁ  2    o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo  TheCommissionhasauthoritytoengageinnegotiatedrulemakingsundertheNegotiatedRulemakingAct  of1990,Pub.L.101648,November28,1990.Negotiatedrulemakinginvolvesthesolicitationofinputfromaffectedparties,meetingasaFederalAdvisoryCommittee.SeeFederalAdvisoryCommitteeAct,5U.S.C.App. @ 2.Throughnegotiatedrulemaking,theCommissionendeavorstoachievebetter,lesscontestedregulationsbyinvolvinginterestedpartiesinafacetoface,prerulemakingprocessofcooperationanddiscussion.Seegenerally   NoticeofProposedRulemaking,8FCCRcd6330(1993).TheadvisorycommitteeconvenedbytheCommission  consistedoftheCommission,Orbcomm,Starsys,VITAandexistingusersoftheaffectedfrequencybandsandadjacentfrequencybands.-XUX-:XXX-XU  c$  C ` $$`CXX-:Ԁ  3    o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo  ReportoftheBelow1GHzLEONegotiatedRulemakingCommittee,CCDocket9276(September16,  1992). h c$  C ` $$`CXX-:Ԁ  4    o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo  SeeIntheMatterofAmendmentoftheCommission'sRulestoEstablishRulesandPoliciesPertainingto  aNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteService,ReportandOrder,CCDocketNo.9276,8FCCRcd x 8450(1993).  c$  C ` $$`CXX-:Ԁ  5    o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo  OrbitalCommunicationsCorporation,OrderandAuthorization,9FCCRcd6476(1994),recon.denied  10FCCRcd7801(1995). # c$  C ` $$`CXX-:Ԁ  6    o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo  StarsysGlobalPositioning,Inc.,OrderandAuthorization,11FCCRcd1237(1995);Volunteersin  TechnicalAssistance,Inc.,OrderandAuthorization,11FCCRcd1358(1995). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..LeoOne,L.P.SatelliteSystemApplication,datedOctober4,1993. d c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeI-'\  `TimesRomanIԀSatelliteApplicationAcceptableforFilingCutoffEstablishedforAdditionalApplications,Wk'*f9 `*Times RomanItalicWPublicNotice,ReportNo.DS1459I-'\  `TimesRomanIԀ(September16,1994).'*f9 `*Times RomanItalic  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..InadditiontoESAT,thecompaniesfilingsecondprocessingroundapplicationsincludedCTACommercialSystems,Inc.("CTA"),LeoOne,FinalAnalysisCommunicationsServices,Inc.("FAI")andGEAmericanCommunications,Inc.("GEAmericom").  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ESATApplicationforaNonVoice,NonGeostationarySatelliteSystem,FileNo.26SATP/LA95(Nov.16,1994)at2. C c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeNonVoice,NonGeostationaryLowEarthOrbitSatelliteApplicationsAcceptedforFiling,PublicNotice,ReportNo.DS1484(November25,1994). g c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeApplicationofStarsysforAuthoritytoConstruct,Launch,andOperateaNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteSystem,OrderandAuthorization,11FCCRcd1237,19and21(1995).  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..AmendmentofPart25oftheCommission'sRulestoEstablishRulesandPoliciesPertainingtotheSecondProcessingRoundoftheNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteService,NoticeofProposedRulemaking,IBDocketNo.96220,FCC96426(releasedOctober29,1996).  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..StarsysandGEAmericomwithdrewtheirapplicationsfromthesecondprocessinground.OrbitalSciencesCorporation,Orbcomm'sparent,acquiredthesatelliteoperationsofsecondroundapplicantCTA.Starsysalsorelinquisheditsfirstroundlicense.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeJointProposal,datedSeptember19,1997,amongESAT,Inc.,FinalAnalysisCommunicationsServices,Inc.,LeoOneCorporation,OrbitalCommunicationsCorporation,OrbitalSciencesCorporationandVolunteersinTechnicalAssistance,Inc.,IBDocketNo.96220.PursuanttotheJointProposal,OrbitalSciencesCorporationagreedtohaveCTA'sparentwithdrawCTA'ssecondprocessingroundapplicationinconnectionwiththegrantofOrbcomm'ssecondprocessingroundapplication. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..JointProposalat10.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..IntheMatterofAmendmentofPart25oftheCommission'sRulestoEstablishRulesandPoliciesPertainingtotheSecondProcessingRoundoftheNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteService,ReportandOrder,FCC97370(releasedOctober15,1997)("ReportandOrder"). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..Id.at129.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ESATAmendmenttoApplicationforaNonVoice,NonGeostationarySatelliteSystem,FileNo.11SATAMEND98(Oct.28,1997). 8 c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..AmendmentstoApplicationsForNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteServiceAcceptedForFiling,PublicNotice,ReportNo.SPB110(November19,1997).  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..IntheMatterofESAT,Inc.ApplicationsforAuthoritytoConstruct,LaunchandOperateNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteSystemforDomesticandInternationalOperation,CommentsofLeoOneCorporation(Dec.4,1997)("CommentsofLeoOne");andIntheMatterofESAT,Inc.ApplicationsforAuthoritytoConstruct,LaunchandOperateNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteSystemforDomesticandInternationalOperation,CommentsofORBCOMM(Dec.4,1997)("CommentsofORBCOMM"). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..See47U.S.C.301. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..Id.at303(l)(1)and308(a). - c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ESAT's"application"includestheoriginalapplicationfiledwiththeCommissionandallsubsequentamendmentstheretoproperlyfiledwiththeCommission. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..47U.S.C.309(a). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..See47C.F.R.25.142(a). 1 c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..Id.at38;seealsoLetterfromF.ThompsontoM.RomanSalas,ErratumtoESATAmendment,FCCFileNo.26SATP/LA95,December4,1997.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..TheJointProposalprovidesthatLeoOne,FAI,andORBCOMMmaysharethisbandifESATdoesnotusethisbandforfeederlinks. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeCommentsofOrbcomm. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..Id.at67 c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ReplyCommentsofESATat4. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeJointProposal.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..IntheMatteroftheApplicationsofORBITALCOMMUNICATIONSCORPORATIONForModificationofItsAuthorizationtoConstruct,LaunchandOperateaNonVoice,NonGeostationaryMobileSatelliteSystem,OrderandAuthorization(releasedMar.31,1998). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeJointProposalat9;seealso47C.F.R.2.106,fn.US323. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ConformingAmendmentofOrbcommat56;seealsoCommentsofOrbcommat5. & c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeFirstProcessingRoundReportandOrder9(interpretingSection25.142(b)(3)oftheCommission'sRules,47C.F.R.25.142(b)(3)). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ConformingAmendmentatPartII,Section1.1 c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ReportandOrderat130131;47C.F.R.25.116. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae0..47C.F.R.25.116(b)(1).  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..PowerfluxdensitymeansthepowerlevelofasatellitesignalincidentonthesurfaceoftheEarth(measuredbywattspersquaremeter). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ReportandOrderat3840. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ConformingAmendmentat1213.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ORBCOMMnotedthechangeinitscommentsbutexpressednoconcernswithorobjectionstothechange.CommentsofORBCOMMat2. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ReportandOrderat3840. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..Id. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..CommentsofLeoOneat23. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..CommentsofORBCOMMat5. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..ReplyCommentsofESATat3. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..Id.at6. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ConformingAmendment,PartIII,Section5.2. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..Id. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..BigLEONoticeofProposedRulemaking,9FCCRcd1094(1994)at11. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..ReportandOrderfn.88. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ThisfootnoteplacesrestrictionsonMobileEarthStationtransmissionsinthe140149.9MHzband. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..CommentsofLeoOneat4. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..ReportandOrder40. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..ConformingAmendmentat11. b c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..See47C.F.R.25.142(a)(2)(referencing2.106,Footnote599AwhichrequiresaMSSspacestationlicenseetocoordinatewithterrestrialservicesifthePFDexceeds125dB(W/m2/4KHz)).  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..CommentsofFinalAnalysisat5.FinalAnalysis,initscomments,alsorequestedclarificationoninconsistenciesinESATsapplication.ESATresolvedtheseinconsistenciesviaerratum(seeLetterfromF.ThompsontoM.RomanSalas,ErratumtoESATAmendmentApplicationintheLittleLEOinFCCFileNO.26SATP/LA95,December4,1997). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..See47C.F.R.25.142(3)(ii). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..ConformingAmendment,Section5.2. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ..Id.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae0..SeeI-'\  `TimesRomanIԀ47C.F.R.25.142(a)(4). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae0..SeeConformingAmendmentat25. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae0..ConformingAmendmentat9;ESATApplicationat26. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..Id.at10.  c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..SeeI-'\  `TimesRomanI47C.F.R.25.142(d).WeimposedthesametypeofrestrictiononBigLeolicensees(See47C.F.R.25.143(h))andinourrecent"DISCOII"ReportandOrder.AmendmentofCommissionRegulatoryPoliciestoAllowNonUnitedStatesLicensedSpaceStationstoprovideDomesticandInternationalSatelliteServiceintheUnitedStates,ReportandOrder,FCC97399(releasedNov.26,1997)at161167. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae0..47C.F.R.25.142(d). c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae0..FirstProcessingRoundReportandOrder18. c$  e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ae..See47C.F.R.25.111(b).  CRight ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumbersI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)3|o<6X9`(CourierXx6X@KX@'\  `TimesRomanXo\  PCXP'\  `TimesRoman]\  PCP)4  &Times RomanBoldXt4  p(ACX'*f9 `*Times RomanItalic\*f9 xCX(O$  C ` $#C dHP LaserJet IIISi,,,,,,0##37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a) k ^'  C ` $$`C  XUXXXXXX-XU@ FederalCommunicationsCommissionH(#DA98619  ?'' xdEx?XUXX_X'\  `TimesRoman)4  &Times RomanBold3~$dd=U !  C ` $ C  _    -XUXXX8-U-XXdd8  ]__XXX-XUBeforethe K FEDERALCOMMUNICATIONSCOMMISSIONWashington,D.C.20554-XUXX_X #    IntheMatteroftheApplicationof h   )  t    `     h   )o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXo ESAT,INC. `     h   )  FileNos.  26SATP/LA95 L     `     h   )   p   11SATAMEND98 <  ForAuthorizationtoConstruct, h   )   (  LaunchandOperateaNonVoice, h   )     NonGeostationaryMobileSatellite h   )   s  Systeminthe137138and148150.05  ) _  MHzFrequencyBands   h   ) K    _XXX-XUORDERANDAUTHORIZATION-XUXX_X    Adopted: ` March31,1998 h   Released: p March31,1998 t BytheChief,InternationalBureau:  I.Introduction  $     2  1  .3   ` Bythisorderandauthorization("Order"),weauthorizeESAT,Inc.("ESAT")to o launchandoperateasixsatellitenonvoice,nongeostationarymobilesatelliteservice("_NVNG_MSS"or"LittleLEO")systeminlowEarthorbit("LEO")inthe148148.905MHzuplinkandthe137.0725137.9725MHzdownlinkfrequencyband.ESAT'ssystemwillofferdatacommunicationsservicesincludingdatamessagingservicesforthegasandelectricutilityindustry,datamessagingandretrievalinsupportofthedirecttohomebroadcastsatelliteservice,messagingforenvironmentalmonitoring,andotherservicestousersintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.GrantofESAT'sapplicationwillservethepublicinterest,convenienceandnecessitybypromotingtheentryofnewLittleLEOserviceprovidersintheemergingLittleLEOservicemarkets.  '4!$N _   II.  Background  _     2  2  .3   ` In1990,OrbitalCommunicationsCorporation("ORBCOMM")filedan ;  applicationtoconstruct,launchandoperateaLittleLEOsystem.b a  1      ׀Subsequently,StarsysGlobal '  Positioning,Inc.("Starsys")andVolunteersInTechnicalAssistance,Inc.("VITA")filedapplicationsforLittleLEOsystems.TheCommissionconsideredthesethreeapplicationstogetherinwhatisreferredtoasthefirstLittleLEOprocessinground(the"firstprocessinground").Inthefirstprocessinground,theCommissioninstitutedanegotiatedrulemakingd  a  2      ׀to  d considersharingproposalsandtechnicalrulestogoverntheLittleLEOservice.Duringthesenegotiations,ORBCOMM,StarsysandVITAreachedagreementonaspectrumsharingplanthatwouldenableallthreeapplicantstoimplementtheirsystemsintheavailablespectrum.Thenegotiatedrulemakingcommitteeusedthisspectrumsharingplantoissueareporte(  a  3      ׀thatbecame   thebasisfortherulesandpoliciesadoptedbytheCommission(the"FirstProcessingRound s  ReportandOrder")f  a  4      ׀togovernthelicensingofLittleLEOsystemsinthefirstprocessinground. _  ORBCOMMwasissuedthefirstLittleLEOlicenseinOctober1994.g a  5      ׀Thefirstprocessinground K  concludedwhenVITAandStarsyswereissuedLittleLEOlicensesinJulyandNovember1995,respectively.h a  6       #     2  3  .3   ` Beforetheconclusionofthefirstprocessinground,LeoOneUSA,L.P.("Leo s One")filedanapplicationrequestingauthoritytoconstructandoperateanLittleLEOsysteminthe148150.05MHzuplinkandthe137138MHzdownlinkfrequencybandstoprovideLittleLEOservicestocustomersworldwide. i   ׀..24.3  ` ..` InSeptember1994,weplacedLeoOne'sapplicationonpublicnotice. j   ׀Thepublicnoticeestablisheda"cutoff"dateforfilingapplicationstobeconsideredconcurrentlywiththatofLeoOne.ThisactioncommencedthesecondLittleLEOprocessinground(the"secondprocessinground").Severalparties,includingESAT,filedapplicationsfornewLittleLEOsystemsinresponsetothispublicnotice. l   ׀ESATproposedasystemconsistingofsixsatellitesorbitingatanaltitudeof1261kilometersandataninclinationof100.7degrees("ESATApplication"). m   ׀Inaddition,ORBCOMMandVITAfiledmodificationstotheirproposedfirstprocessingroundLittleLEOsystems.Weacceptedthenewapplications,andmodificationapplicationsfiledbyOrbcommandVITA,inthesecondprocessinground. n   ׀WealsodeferredtothesecondprocessingroundconsiderationofaStarsysamendmenttoitsoriginalapplication,filedApril25,1994,afterthe"cutoff"dateforfilingapplicationsinthefirstprocessinground. o   ׀Asaresult,atotalofeightapplicationswereincludedinthesecondprocessinground...25.3  ` ..` Unlikethefirstprocessinground,wheresufficientspectrumexistedtoaccommodatetherequestsofalltheapplicants,insufficientspectrumexistedtoaccommodatetheeightLittleLEOsystemsproposedbysecondprocessingroundapplicants.Portionsoftheavailablespectrum,the148150.05MHzuplinkand137138MHzand400.15401MHzdownlinkfrequencybands,werelicensedtoORBCOMM,StarsysandVITAinthefirstprocessinground.Inaddition,thedownlinkfrequencybandshavetobesharedwithU.S.Governmentusers.Specifically,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration("NOAA")operatesameteorologicalsatellitesysteminthe137138MHzdownlinkfrequencyband.Also,theDepartmentofDefense's("DoD")DepartmentofAirForcehasbeenplanningtoimplementameteorologicalsatellitesysteminthe400.15401MHzdownlinkfrequencybandfornationalsecuritypurposes.Becausethegovernmentmeteorologicalsatelliteserviceswereallocatedonaprimaryorcoprimarybasisinthesebands,secondprocessingroundLittleLEOlicenseeswouldberequiredtosharethesebandswiththeNOAAandDoDmeteorologicalsatellitesystems.Inlightofthelimitedspectrumavailabletosecondprocessingroundapplicantsaftertheconclusionofthefirstprocessinground,andtherequiredsharingbetweentheNOAAandDoDmeteorologicalsatellitesystemsandthesecondprocessingroundLittleLEOsystems,weinitiatedaNoticeofProposedRulemaking(the"Notice")todeveloprulesandpoliciestogovernthelicensingandoperationofsecondprocessingroundLittleLEOsystemsinthissharingenvironment. p   ..26.3  ` ..` Generally,theNoticeproposedto:(a)excludefirstprocessingroundlicenseesfromparticipationinthesecondprocessingroundinordertoopenLittleLeoservicemarketstonewentrants;(b)licenseuptothreenewLittleLEOsystemsinthesecondprocessinground;(c)establishproceduresthatwouldrequiresecondprocessingroundlicenseestoprotecttheoperationsoftheNOAAandDoDmeteorologicalsatellitesystems;and(d)useauctionstoresolvemutualexclusivityamongsecondprocessingroundapplicants.AlleightapplicantsandotherinterestedpartiescommentedontheproposalsintheNotice.Subsequently,twoapplicantswithdrewfromthesecondprocessingroundandanotherapplicantacquiredthesatelliteoperationsofathirdapplicant. q   ..27.3  ` ..` OnSeptember22,1997,theremainingapplicantsfiledwiththeCommissionamutuallyagreeduponspectrumsharingplan(the"JointProposal")thataccommodatedallremainingsecondprocessingroundapplicantsintheavailablespectrum. r   ׀Generally,thespectrumsharingplanrequiresthattheapplicantssharethe148150.05MHzuplinkfrequencybandwiththeproposedFrenchsatellitesystemS801("S801"),theRussianradionavigationsatelliteservicesystem("TSYKADA"),andterrestrialusersoftheband.Theapplicantsagreedtosharethe137138MHzdownlinkfrequencybandwithNOAA,S801,theproposedRussianMeteorsatellitesystemandterrestrialusersoftheband.Finally,theapplicantsagreedtosharethe400.15401MHzdownlinkfrequencybandwithDoD.TheJointProposalexpresslyrecognizedthatthesecondprocessingroundapplicantswillberequiredtocoordinatetheiroperationswiththeotherusersofthesefrequencybands.AspartoftheJointProposal,theapplicantsagreedtowithdrawallpetitionsandobjectionsagainsteachother'spendingapplications. s   ׀..28.3  ` ..` OnOctober15,1997,theCommissionreleasedaReportandOrder(the"ReportandOrder")inwhichitconcludedthatwithuseofappropriatetransmissiontechniques,propersystemcoordination,timesharingoffrequenciesandtheadoptionoftheJointProposal,therewassufficientspectrumtolicensethefiveremainingsecondprocessingroundapplicants. t   ׀TheReportandOrderdirectedsecondprocessingroundapplicantstoamendtheirapplicationstoconformtotherulesandpoliciesadoptedintheReportandOrder. u   ׀..29.3  ` ..` Inresponsetothisrequirement,ESATfiledanamendmentconformingitsapplicationtotherulesandpoliciesadoptedintheReportandOrder(the"ConformingAmendment"). v   ׀InitsConformingAmendment,ESATreiteratedthatitintendedtooperateitssixsatelliteLittleLEOsysteminthe148150.05MHzuplinkandthe137138MHzdownlinkfrequencybands,consistentwiththespectrumplanadoptedintheReportandOrder.ESATalsostatedthatithaddemonstratedthatitcouldfundthe$49.22milliontotalcosttoconstructandlaunchthesystemandtooperateitforoneyear...210.3  ` ..` ESAT'sConformingAmendment,togetherwiththeconformingamendmentsoftheothersecondprocessingroundapplicants,wereplacedonpublicnotice. w   ׀Inresponse,LeoOne,FAI,andORBCOMMfiledcomments. x   ׀.. @..YIII.D iscussion ..211.3  ` ..` UndertheCommunicationsActof1934,asamended(the"Act"),nopersonisentitledtouseoroperateanyapparatusforthetransmissionofenergyorcommunicationsorsignalsbyradiowithinthejurisdictionoftheUnitedStates,exceptpursuanttoalicensegrantedbyFederalauthority. y   ׀TheCommissionisauthorizedtograntradiolicensestoqualifiedpersonsuponwrittenapplicationtherefor. z   ׀InordertograntESAT'sapplication {   tolaunchandoperatethespacesegmentofitsLittleLEOsystem,theCommissionmustfindthatthepublicinterest,convenienceandnecessitywillbeservedbysuchgrant. |   ׀Beforewecanmakethisfinding,ESATmustdemonstratethatitislegally,technicallyandfinanciallyqualifiedtoholdaCommissionlicense. }   ׀Basedonouranalysisbelow,wefindthatgrantofESAT'sapplicationisinthepublicinterest.A...Qualifications..1.` ..` TechnicalQualifications..212.3  ` ..` ApplicantsseekingauthoritytolaunchandoperatesecondprocessingroundLittleLEOsystemsmustmeetthetechnicalrequirementsadoptedintheReportandOrder.IntheReportandOrder,weadoptedthesharingplanagreedtobythepartiesthatwouldaccommodatethreenewLittleLEOsystemsandallowORBCOMMandVITAtoexpandtheirsystems.Specifically,weidentifiedparticularfrequenciesandotheroperatingparametersforeachofthesesystems,whichwedesignatedasSystem1(LeoOne),System2(FAI),System3(ESAT),ORBCOMM,andVITA.ConsistentwiththeReportandOrder,ESAThasproposedtooperateaspreadspectrumsysteminthe137.0725137.9275MHzdownlinkandthe148.00148.905MHzuplinkspectrumformerlylicensedtoStarsys. ~   ̀..213.3  ` ..`  FAI,LeoOneandORBCOMM haveraisedconcernsaboutESAT'stechnicalqualificationstooperateaLittleLEOsystem.BelowweaddresstheseconcernsandanalyzeESAT'stechnicalqualificationstooperateitsLittleLEOsystemineachoftheuplinkanddownlinkfrequencybandsinwhichitproposestooperateitssystem.̀    ..` ..` UplinkOperationsinthe148.0149.90MHzBand..214.3  ` ..` PursuanttotheReportandOrder,ESATproposestoshareapproximately355KHzofspectruminthe148148.855MHzbandwithLeoOne,FAI,andORBCOMM.ESATalsoproposestouseapproximately500KHzofcontiguousspectruminthe148148.855MHzbandthatwillnotbesharedwithLeoOne,FAI,andORBCOMMforusewiththeS801System.ESATalsoproposestousethe148.855148.905MHzbandforfeederlinks.    ׀Inaddition,ESATproposestomakechangestotheorbitalaltitudeandorbitalinclinationofitssatellitesandtoincreasethenumberofsimultaneoususersitwillserve...215.3  ` ..` CoordinationIssuesORBCOMMcontendsthatESAThasnotdemonstratedthatitsco-frequencyoperationsinthe148149.9MHzbandwillnotcauseunacceptableinterferencetoORBCOMMsoperations.    ׀ORBCOMMalsoarguesthatcoordinationtoresolvecofrequencyoperationsshouldoccurpriortothegrantofESATslicenseandthattheburdenisonESATtoprotectORBCOMM,aLittleLEOfirstprocessingroundlicensee,fromunacceptableinterferencepursuanttoSection25.142(a)oftheCommission'sRules.    ׀Inreply,ESATnotesthatitsconformingamendmentadequatelyexplainshowitplanstoavoidcausingharmfulinterferencetootherLittleLEOsystems.    ׀..216.3  ` ..` WedisagreewithORBCOMMthatSection25.142(a)oftheCommission'sRulesrequiresESATtodemonstratethatitwillnotcauseunacceptableinterferencetoORBCOMMbeforetheCommissioncanlicenseESat.Itisimportanttorememberthat,initially,theNoticeproposedexcludingORBCOMMandtheotherLittleLEOfirstprocessingroundlicenseesfromparticipationinthesecondprocessinground.ORBCOMMandVITAjoinedthesecondprocessingroundbyparticipatinginthenegotiationandconclusionofaspectrumsharingplanwiththenewentrantsecondprocessingroundapplicants.ThetermsandconditionsofthespectrumsharingplanwereembodiedinaJointProposalsubmittedtotheCommissionwhichincludedOrbcommandVITA...217.3  ` ..` AspartoftheJointProposal,ORBCOMMexpresslyagreedtopermitothersecondprocessingroundapplicantstooperateinthechannelscomprisingthe148-149.9MHzuplinkband,includingthosefrequencieslicensedtoORBCOMMinthefirstprocessinground,inexchangeforgainingtherighttoaddtwelvesatellitestoitsconstellationandtooperateinthelowerpartofthe148149.9MHzband(148148.855MHzband)andinnewdownlinkfrequencies.    ׀TheJointProposal,asadoptedintheReportandOrder,reflectedallofthematerialtermsandconditionsofthespectrumsharingplanmutuallyagreedtobythesecondprocessingroundapplicants...218.3  ` ..` TotheextentthatORBCOMMmaybearguingthatitssecondprocessingroundapplicationisentitledtoprotectionfromothersecondprocessingroundapplications,wedisagree.Allsecondprocessingroundapplicantsreceiveequalconsideration.TotheextentthatORBCOMMmaybearguingthattheCommissionshouldapplySection25.142(a)tothoseaspectsofitsfirstprocessingroundauthorizationthatarediscreteandseparablefromthemodificationsmadeaspartofthesecondprocessinground,webelievethatthisactionisnottechnicallyfeasible.InlightoftheextensivemodificationsmadetoORBCOMM'slicensethroughORBCOMM'saffirmativeparticipationinthesecondprocessinground ,    ORBCOMMmaynotnowclaimthatitwasauthorizedtousefrequenciesinthefirstprocessingroundthatarediscreteandseparablefromthosefrequenciesforwhichitisrequestingauthorizationinthesecondprocessinground.BecauseORBCOMMdoesnotpossessdiscreteandseparablefirstroundspectrum,ORBCOMMmaynotseektheprotectionavailabletopreviouslyauthorizedsystemsunderSection25.142(a)forthefrequenciesitwasoriginallyauthorizedtouseinthefirstround.Inshort,ORBCOMM,asacoequalsecondprocessingroundapplicant,cannotnowacceptthebenefitsflowingfromitsparticipationinthesecondprocessinground,yetrejecttheburdensthatitassumedinordertoreceivethosebenefits.̇..219.3  ` ..` Furthermore,wearenotpersuadedbyORBCOMMthataprelicensingcoordinationamongsecondprocessingroundapplicantswouldbemorehelpfulthanourusualapproachofconditioningthegrantoflicensesonthecompletionofcoordination.Untillicensesaregranted,secondprocessingroundapplicantswillnotknowwithcertaintywithwhomtocoordinate,norwilltheyknowtheparametersofthesatellitesystemstobecoordinated.Accordingly,andinrecognitionofORBCOMM'spotentialinterferenceconcerns,weconditionESAT'sauthorizationonthecompletionofcoordinationingoodfaithwithORBCOMM,othersecondprocessingroundlicensees,andU.S.Governmentterrestrialusersauthorizedtooperateinthe148149.9MHzfrequencyband.    ..220.3  ` ..` WeareconfidentthatpostlicensingcoordinationamongsecondprocessingroundlicenseesoperatinginthisbandwillresolvethepotentialinterferenceconcernsraisedbyORBCOMM.AsORBCOMMpointsout,possiblesolutionsexisttoavoidthepotentialforinterferencebetweensatellitenetworksinthisband,forexample,byusingpredefinedalgorithms.    ׀WealsoencourageESATandORBCOMMtocontinuetheircoordinationefforts.    ׀..221.3  ` ..` Wenote,moreover,thatevenwereORBCOMMtodemonstratethatitwasentitledtoprotectionunderSection25.142(a)forthefrequenciesitobtainedinthefirstprocessinground,wewouldwaivetheSection25.142(a)requirementthatESATandtheothersecondroundLittleLEOlicenseescompletecoordinationwithORBCOMMpriortolicensing.InlightofthebenefitsthatORBCOMMobtainedthroughitsparticipationinthesecondroundandthelicensingconditionthatallsecondroundLittleLEOlicenseescoordinateingoodfaith,webelievethatrequiringESATandothersecondroundlicenseestocompletecoordinationwithORBCOMMpriortolicensingwoulddelaycompetitionandnewservicesforconsumersandaffordlittle,ifany,interferenceprotectiontoORBCOMMbeyondthatwhichitwillobtainthroughthepostlicensecoordinationprocess...222.3  ` ..` ChangesinOrbitalParameters.ESAT'sConformingAmendmentincludeschangestotheorbitalparameterssetforthinitsinitialapplication.ESATproposesamendingtheorbitalaltitudefrom1262kilometersto893.79kilometersandchangingtheorbitalinclinationfrom100.7to99.01.    ׀IntheReportandOrder,westatedthatconformingamendmentswouldbeacceptedunconditionallyifthechangeswerenecessarytobringtheapplicationintoconformancewiththerulesandpoliciesadoptedintheReportandOrder.AllotherchangeswouldbetreatedundertheCommission'sexistingrules.UnderthoseRules,shouldachangebefoundtobea"majoramendment"thatfallsundernoneoftheexceptionssetforthintherules,theapplicationmaybetreatedas"newlyfiled"and"cutoff"fromfurtherconsiderationinthesecondprocessinground.    ׀WefindthatESAT'sproposedchangestotheorbitalparametersarenotrequiredtobringtheapplicationintoconformancewiththerulesadoptedintheReportandOrder.NothingintheReportandOrderrequiresachangeineitherorbitalaltitudeororbitalinclination.Therefore,wemustconsiderthesechangesunderourexistingrules...223.3  ` ..` Section25.116ofourrulesstatesthatanamendmentwillbedeemedtobeamajoramendmentifitwillincreasethepotentialforinterference.    ׀ESAT'sproposedmodificationoforbitalparameters,whenconsideredindependentofanyotherfactors,mayincreasethepotentialforinterferenceby,forexample,increasingthepowerfluxdensity("PFD")    .Atthesametime,wenotethat,theJointProposalandtheReportandOrderrequireESATtooperatewithintheconstraintsoftheStarsyslicensecoordinationagreements.    ׀Accordingly,theamountofradiofrequencyinterferencecausedbyESAT'ssystemcannotexceedtheinterferencelevelthatwouldhavebeencausedbytheStarsyssystemoriginallyapprovedforthatspectrum.PursuanttotheobligationsetforthbytheReportandOrder,ESAT'sConformingAmendmentcertifiesthatitssystemwillnotprovideanygreaterinterferencethanStarsys'soriginalsystem.    ׀WethereforefindthatESATsproposedmodificationsinorbitalparametersdonotrepresentamajoramendmentunderSection25.116oftheCommissionsRules.Becausethechangesinorbitalparametersshouldcausenoadditionalinterference,andbecausenootherLittleLEOapplicantsraisedanyobjectionstotheproposedmodifications,    ׀wegrantESAT'sproposedchangestoorbitalaltitudeandinclination...224.3  ` ..` PursuanttotheReportandOrder,ESAT'ssystemmayoperateitsserviceuplinksinthe148.00-148.855MHzspectrumformerlylicensedtoStarsysconsistentwiththeparametersassociatedwithStarsys'sfirstprocessingroundauthorization.ESATisrequiredtosharethisspectrumwithORBCOMM,andwithLeoOneandFAIasdescribedintheReportandOrder.    ׀Inaddition,consistentwiththeReportandOrder,weauthorizeESATsuseofthe148.855148.905MHzbandtooperateitsfeederlinkuplinks.    ..225.3  ` ..` ChangesinNumberofSimultaneousUsers.LeoOneandORBCOMMarguethatESATsplanstooperateasmanyas81simultaneousspreadspectrumuseruplinksareinconsistentwiththeJointProposalandtheReportandOrder.LeoOnecontendsthatthefeasibilityassessmentoftheuplinkfrequencysharingarrangementdescribedintheReportandOrderwasbasedontherequirementthatE-SATadheretotheestablishedStarsysoperatingparameters,includingalimitationonthenumberofsimultaneoususers.LeoOnefurtherstatesthattheCommissionsassessmentwasbasedononlytwelvesimultaneousspreadspectrumusers.LeoOneisconcernedthatanincreaseinthenumberofsimultaneousspreadspectrumusersmaycauseinterferencetoitsuplinkoperations.    ׀ORBCOMMassertsthattheaggregateinterferenceeffectof81simultaneousE-SATusers grosslyexceedsthedynamicchannelaccessavoidancesystem("DCAAS")interferencethresholdandwillinterferewithitsoperations.ORBCOMMisalsoconcernedthattheincreaseinthenumberofESAT'ssimultaneoususerswillincreaseESATsoutofbandemissionsandcauseitevengreaterinterference.    ׀E-SATrepliesthatLeoOnesargumentignoresthetechnicaldifferencesbetweentheStarsysandE-SATsystems,includingthesignificantlylowerpoweratwhichtheE-SATterminalswilloperate.    ׀E-SATalsoclaimsthatORBCOMM'scommentsarebasedonanerroneouscalculationmethodandarenottechnicallysupported.    ׀ESATfurtherrepresentsthatitssystemwillcomplywiththeCommission'soutofbandemissionsrequirements.    ..226.3  ` ..` IntheReportandOrder,theCommissionrequiredthatE-SATsoperationsinthe148148.905MHzuplinkbandbeconsistentwiththeagreementStarsysenteredintowithORBCOMM.    ׀Indoingso,weintendedthatESATshoulddevelopandoperateitsconstellationinsuchawaythatitwouldimposenomoreinterferenceonORBCOMMthanStarsys'ssystemwouldhave.WedidnotintendtorequirethatESATcreateasystemthatwasidenticaltotheStarsyssysteminalldesignelements.Indeed,theCommissionattempts,whenpossible,toleavespacecraftdesigndecisionstothespacestationlicenseebecausethelicenseeisinabetterpositiontodeterminehowtotailoritssystemtomeettheparticularneedsofitscustomers.    ׀Accordingly,wewillnotsetanarbitrarylimitonthenumberofsimultaneousE-SATsuplinktransmissions.Nevertheless,toensurethatESAT'sspreadspectrumsystemdoesnotinterferewithnarrowbandsystemssuchasORBCOMM's,wewilllimitESATsaggregateuplinkeffectiveisotropicradiatedpower("EIRP")spectraldensitytothelevelthatwouldhavebeenproducedbytwelvesimultaneousStarsysusertransmissions.    ׀Further,weexpectE-SAT'ssystemtocomplyfullywiththemobilesatelliteservicesystemrestrictionsspecifiedin47C.F.R.2.106,fn.US323.    ׀Finally,weconditionESAT'sauthorizationtooperateinthisbandoncoordinationwithothersecondprocessingroundLittleLEOlicenseesoperatinginthe148.0149.9MHzband...227.3  ` ..` OtherTechnicalIssues.LeoOnerecommendsaminorrealignmentofthefrequencysharingarrangementoutlinedintheJointProposalandadoptedintheReportandOrder.Specifically,LeoOneproposestorepositionthefrequencyassignmentsofnarrowbanduserssharingthebandedgesofthespreadspectrumsystemssothattheyareatequaldistancesfromthespreadspectrumcenterfrequency.    ׀Wenote,however,thatthischangeisnotreflectedintheJointProposal,theReportandOrder,orinanysecondroundapplications(includingLeoOnes).WedeclinetoinitiateanyfrequencyrealignmentspriortolicensingallsecondroundLittleLEOapplicants.Indoingso,wenotethatourrulesdonotpreventlicenseesfromproposingmutuallyagreeduponmodificationstotheirlicenseesatalaterdate...` ..` Downlinkin137.0138.0MHzBand  ..228.3  ` ..` ConsistentwiththeReportandOrder,ESATproposestooperateinthe137.0725137.9275MHzdownlinkband.    ׀ThisbandwillbesharedwithNOAA,ORBCOMMandFAI.WethereforeconditionESAT'sauthorizationtooperateinthe137138MHzbandoncoordinationwithforeignsystemsoperatinginthisbandandoncompletionofcoordinationwithU.S.GovernmentandotherLittleLEOsystems.Untilsuchfrequencycoordinationiscompleted,ESATshalloperateonanoninterferencebasiswithrespecttothosesystemswithwhichcoordinationhasnotbeencompleted...229.3  ` ..` ESATcertifiesthatthemaximumPFDproducedattheEarthssurfacebyeachofitssatellitesinthe137.0725-137.9275MHzbandwillnotexceed-125dB(W/m2/4KHz).    ׀BecauseESATssystemdoesnotexceedthePFDthresholdrequirementforcoordinationwithterrestrialservicesundertheCommission'sRules,coordinationwillnotberequired.    ..230.3  ` ..` FinalAnalysiscontendsthatESATsproposedPFDmaycauseharmfulinterferencetoitssystemandexceedsthelevelspecifiedintheITURrecommendation.    ׀Inreply,E-SATarguesthatFinalAnalysiscalculationsareerroneousandthatITURrecommendationsarenotbinding.WebelieveFinalAnalysis'sconcernsareunwarranted.FinalAnalysis'soperationsinthisbandshouldbeadequatelyprotectedbyourrequirementonESATtocompletecochannelcoordinationwithotherLittleLEOlicenseesinthisband...231.3  ` ..` Further,ESATindicatesthatitsproposedLittleLEOsystemwillcomplyfullywiththeCommissionsRulesregardingtheretransmissionofintersystemuplinksignals.    ׀E-SATproposedaregenerativesystemdesign,whichwillensurethatitsdownlinktransmissionswillbeindependentofanyuplinksignalsreceivedfromasourceforeigntoESAT'ssystem.    ׀Inordertoeliminatetheretransmissionofundesiredsignalsfromothersystems,ESAT'ssystemwilldespread,demodulate,andprocesseachuplinksignalpriortoitsretransmissiononthedownlink.    ..232.3  ` ..` Accordingly,wefindESAT'sproposedsystemmeetstheCommission'stechnicalrequirements...2.` ..` FinancialQualifications..233.3  ` ..` ConsistentwithSection25.142(a)(4)oftheCommission'sRules,47C.F.R.25.142(a)(4)applicantsforLittleLEOsystemsmustdemonstratethattheyhavethefinancesnecessarytoconstructandlaunchthefirsttwosatellitesoftheproposedsystemandtooperatethesesatellitesforoneyear.    ׀ESAThasmadethisdemonstration.    ׀..234.3  ` ..` Specifically,ESATcertifiesthatthecostofconstructingandlaunchingtheESATsystemisapproximately$49.22millionandtheoperatingexpensesforfiveyearsoftheESATsystemisapproximately$22.731million.    ׀Thistotalof$71.951millionoverstatestheamountoffinancingrequiredbyourrules,whichcoversonlyfirstyearoperatingcosts.ESAT'smajorityowner,EchoStarCommunicationsCorporation("EchoStar"),hassubmittedaletterindicatingitiscommittedtofinancingESAT'sfirsttwosatellitesandfirstyearoperatingcosts.Tosupportitscommitment,EchoStarhassubmitteditsbalancesheets,whichshowcurrentassetswellinexcessof$71.951million.    ׀Asaresult,wefindESATfinanciallyqualifiedunderSection25.14(a)(4)oftheCommission'sRules.̀C...ExclusiveArrangements..235.3  ` ..` AsanLittleLEOlicensee,ESATisrequiredtocomplywiththerequirementsofSection25.142(d)oftheCommission'sRulesadoptedintheReportandOrder.Section25.142(d)prohibitsaLittleLEOlicenseesfromenteringintoexclusivearrangementswithothercountriesconcerningcommunicationstoandfromtheUnitedStates.    ׀ThepurposeofthisruleistopromotecompetitionintheLittleLEOservicemarketsintheUnitedStates.TheprohibitionagainstexclusivearrangementsreducesthelikelihoodthataLittleLEOlicenseecanforecloseotherLittleLEOlicenseesfromservingaforeignmarket,providingaglobalservice,andcompetingeffectivelywithothersystemsthatservetheUnitedStates.̇..236.3  ` ..` Whilewerecognizethatspectrumcoordinationandavailabilityaswellasmarketsizeandcommercialopportunitiesinaparticularcountrymaylimitthenumberofsystemsthatcanserveaforeigncountry,ourrulesareclearthatLittleLEOlicenseesmaynotacquireorenjoyanyexclusiverightscreatedbycontractsorworkingarrangement.    D...ConstructionandLaunchMilestones..237.3  ` ..` IntheFirstProcessingRoundReportandOrder,theCommissiongenerallyrequiredalicenseetocommenceconstructionofthefirsttwosatellitesinitsLittleLEOsystemwithinoneyearofgrantofitslicense.    ׀Constructionoftheremainingsatellitesinitssystemwastobecommencedwithinthreeyearsofgrant.Constructionofthefirsttwosatelliteswastobecompletedwithinfouryearsofgrant,withtheentiresystemlaunchedandoperationalwithinsixyearsofgrant.̀..238.3  ` ..` WewillrequireESATtoadheretothismilestoneschedule.FailuretomeetthesemilestoneswillautomaticallyrenderESAT'slicenseforitssystemnullandvoid...E...InternationalCoordination..239.3  ` ..` Ingeneral,wewillfollowtheapplicableadvancepublication,coordinationandnotificationproceduressetforthintheITURRegulationsincoordinatingESAT'ssatellitesandspectrumutilization,andforconsultationspursuanttoArticle14oftheINTELSATAgreementandinArticle8oftheInmarsatConvention.    ׀ESATshallprovidetheCommissionwithallinformationnecessarytocomplywiththeseprocesses.InviewofESAT'sintentiontolocateearthstationsandoperatemobileuserterminalsinconnectionwithitsLittleLEOsystemoutsideoftheUnitedStates,theCommissionwillretainjurisdictiontorequireESATtomeetitsinternationalobligations.AllauthorizationsandapprovalsrequiredbyanothercountryinconnectionwiththeoperationofESAT'sLittleLEOsystemincluding,butnotlimitedto,itsearthstationsandmobileuserterminals,willremainsolelywithinthehostcountry'sjurisdiction.@..C IV.Conclusion ..240.3  ` ..` WefindthatESATislegally,technicallyandfinanciallyqualifiedundertheCommission'sRulestolaunchandoperatethespacesegmentofitsLittleLEOsysteminthe148148.905MHzand137.0725137.9275MHzfrequencybandsdesignatedforSystem3inthespectrumsharingplanadoptedintheReportandOrder,subjecttotheconditionssetforthinthisOrder.BecausegrantofESAT'sapplicationwillservethepublicinterest,convenienceandnecessity,ESATisauthorizedtobeaCommissionspacesegmentlicensee. @..NV.OrderingClauses ..241.3  ` ..` Accordingly,ITISORDERED,subjecttotheconditionssetforthbelow,thatapplicationFileNos.26SATP/LA95,and11SATAMEND98AREGRANTED,andESAT,Inc.ISAUTHORIZEDtolaunchandoperatesixnonvoice,nongeostationary(NVNG)satellitestoprovidemobilesatelliteservice(MSS)intheUnitedStatesinaccordancewiththefrequencybandsdesignatedforSystem3inthespectrumsharingplanadoptedintheReportandOrder,FCC97370(releasedOctober15,1997),thetechnicalspecificationssetforthinitsapplicationandsubjecttocompliancewiththeprovisionsofParts2and25oftheCommission'sRulesgoverningfrequencyallocationsandsatelliteoperations,unlessexpresslywaivedbytheCommission.ThefrequenciesassignedtoESAT,Inc.includethe148148.855MHzbandforserviceuplinks,the148.855148.905MHzfrequencybandforfeederuplinks,andthe137.0725137.9275MHzfrequencybandforservicedownlinks...242.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthat,unlessextendedbytheCommissionforgoodcauseshown,ESAT,Inc.'sauthorizationwillbecomeNULLANDVOIDintheeventthatthesixLittleLEOspacestationsarenotconstructed,launchedandsuccessfullyplacedintooperationinaccordancewiththetechnicalparametersandtermsandconditionsofthisauthorizationbythefollowingdates:bXX` hx (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Ab..` ..` ConstructionCommenced..ConstructionCompleted..Launchx..x .. FirstTwo` ..`  .. ..h..h..Satellites` ..` March1999..h..h..March2002..September2002 .. (#..(#RemainingFour .. Satellites` ..` March2001..h..h..March2004..March2004..243.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatESAT,Inc.'sauthorizationtooperateitsLittleLEOsystemissubjecttothecompletionofcochannelfrequencysharingcoordinationwiththeotherLittleLEOlicenseesoperatinginthe148149.9MHzand137.0138.0MHzasrequiredbySection25.142(b)(3)oftheCommission'sRules,47C.F.R.25.142(b)(3)...244.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatESAT,Inc.'sauthorizationtooperateitsLittleLEOsystemissubjecttotheadjacentchannelfrequencysharingcoordinationwiththeotherLittleLEOlicenseesoperatinginthe148149.9MHzand137138MHzfrequencybandsasrequiredbySection25.142(b)(3)oftheCommission'sRules,47C.F.R.25.142(b)(3).....245.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatESAT,Inc.'sauthorizationtooperateitsLittleLEOsystemissubjecttothecompletionofcochannelfrequencysharingcoordinationwiththeU.S.Governmentspacesystemsoperating137.0138.0MHzfrequencybands...246.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatESAT,Inc.ISAUTHORIZEDtolaunchandoperatetechnicallyidenticalLittleLEOreplacementsatellitesduringthelicensetermforthepurposeofreplacingthesixsatellitesauthorizedbythisOrderinaccordancewithtechnicalspecificationssetforthinitsapplicationandconsistentwiththeCommission'sRules,unlessspecificallywaivedbytheCommission.ESAT,Inc.shallnotoperatemorethansixsatellitesatanygiventimeduringthetermofthislicense...247.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatthetermofoperationforeachofthesixspacestationsauthorizedbythisOrder,includinganyreplacementspacestationsauthorizedbythisOrder,isatotaloftenyearsandwillbegintorunontheearlierof:(a)thedatethatESAT,Inc.certifiestotheCommissionthatthefirstsatellitehasbeensuccessfullyplacedintoorbitandtheoperationsfullyconformtothetermsandconditionsofthisauthorization;or(b)suchdateasdeterminedbytheCommission...248.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatneitherthisauthorizationnoranyrightgrantedbythisauthorization,shallbetransferred,assignedordisposedofinanymanner,voluntarilyorinvoluntarily,orbytransferofcontrolofanycorporationholdingthisauthorization,toanypersonexceptuponapplicationtotheCommissionanduponafindingbytheCommissionthatthepublicinterest,convenienceandnecessitywillbeservedthereby,andthatsuchtransfer,assignmentordisposalotherwisecomplieswiththeActandtheCommission'sRules...249.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatESAT,Inc.willprepare,within90daysofthereleaseofthisOrder,thenecessaryinformationforsubmissiontotheITUtoinitiatetheadvancepublication,internationalcoordination,andnotificationprocessoftheESAT,Inc.systeminaccordancewiththeITURadioRegulationsandforconsultationsinaccordancewithArticleXIVoftheINTELSATAgreementandArticle8oftheInmarsatConvention.UponcompletionoftheseconsultationsandnotificationbytheDepartmentofStatethattheUnitedStateshasfulfilleditsobligationswithrespecttoINTELSATandInmarsat,nofurtheractionbythisCommissionregardingsuchconsultationswillberequired.ThisauthorizationissubjecttocoordinationsbetweenESAT,Inc.'sLittleLEOsystemandanynonU.S.licensedsystemsintheauthorizedfrequencybands.WealsoremindESAT,Inc.thatnoprotectionfrominterferencecausedbyradiostationsauthorizedbyotherAdministrationsisguaranteedunlesscoordinationproceduresaretimelycompletedor,withrespecttoindividualAdministrations,bycompletingcoordinationagreements.AnyradiostationauthorizationforwhichcoordinationhasnotbeencompletedmaybesubjecttoadditionaltermsandconditionsasrequiredtoeffectcoordinationofthefrequencyassignmentsofotherAdministrations,47C.F.R.25.111(b)...250.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthat:(a)thislicenseshallnotvestinESAT,Inc.anyrighttooperateitsLittleLEOsystemoranyrightintheuseofthefrequenciesdesignatedinthislicensebeyondthetermthereofnorinanyothermannerthanauthorizedherein;and(b)thislicenseshallbesubjecttotheprovisionsofSection706oftheCommunicationsActof1934,asamended,47U.S.C.606...251.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatESAT,Inc.isafforded30daysfromthedateofreleaseofthisOrdertodeclinethisauthorizationasconditioned.Failuretorespondwithinthatperiodwillconstituteformalacceptanceoftheauthorizationasconditioned...252.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatthisOrderisissuedpursuanttoSection0.261oftheCommission'sRules,47C.F.R.0.261.PetitionsforreconsiderationunderSection1.106orapplicationsforreviewunderSection1.115oftheCommission'sRules,47C.F.R.1.106and1.115,maybefiledwithin30daysofthedateofpublicnoticeofthisOrder(see47C.F.R.1.4(b)(2))...253.3  ` ..` ITISFURTHERORDEREDthatthisOrderiseffectiveuponthedateofitsrelease...` ..`  .. ..h..hFEDERALCOMMUNICATIONSCOMMISSION..` ..`  .. ..h..hReginaM.Keeney..` ..`  .. ..h..hChief,InternationalBureauXXXI-'\  `TimesRomanI