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À ?        ? ? ?      ?    8?       ? ? ~  ?  ? ?  ? ?  ?    ?  ? ??  ?   ?   ? ??  ?   ?  ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?  ? ?   ?   ?   ?  ?  ? ?? ? ? ??? ~?   ? ? ? ?? ? ??  ? ? ??  ?  ?  ?À? ? ?? ?? ?? ? ? ? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ?? ? ? ?? ? ?? ??  ??  ???  ?  ?  ? ?? ??  ?  ?  >?  ?  ?? - ?: 9 4ǀ? ?4 4 4? 4 4 4 4 5? 5 4 ?4 ?4 5 5 5 ?1? ?1 ?1 ?1 ?0 1x 1 / /? ?/π / / / .? ??.? ?. <. - - - --,,?,,-?----?+?* ??* ?+,>,,,?,?,?,--.?.?.?.%?À%%%%%%?%%?%?%?%&&'''?'?'?''?'())))x)?)?)?))*+++ǀX? π? ? ??? ##?&#&#? %#0%#x?%#?x%#?|%#?%#?%#?%#?%#%#%#%# ?%# $# ?$#?$# $# ?$# $#$#$#$#$#$#$#$###??####?##?##?#$ ?#$'$?'$'*'*'+'++XC yO')C S' #&a\  P6G;/&P# Federal Communications Commission`(#jFCC 9782 ă   yxdddy ) O'tl#X}xP7mXP##&sxP7j[&P#PAGE ؃1Њ vfBefore the ă sA= #X~pmXp# #\  P6G;?P#Federal Communications Commission#Xj\  P6G; ߊXP#у FWashington, D.C.  X4  In the Matter of) )  X4 Rulemaking To Amend Parts 1, 2, 21, and 25)ppCC Docket No. 92297  X4Of the Commission's Rules to Redesignate)pp  Xt4The 27.529.5 GHz Frequency Band, To)pp Reallocate the 29.530.0 GHz Frequency)   Band, To Establish Rules and Policies for) Local Multipoint Distribution Service) And for Fixed Satellite Services) ) Petitions for Reconsideration of the) Denial of Applications for Waiver of the) Commission's Common Carrier Pointto) Point Microwave Radio Service Rules) )  Xw4Suite 12 Group Petition for)ppPP22 Pioneer Preference)  nAP  # R\  P6G; RP#Second Report and Order, l Order on Reconsideration, and  neA  Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking # Xj\  P6G; ߊXP#у Adopted: March 11, 1997 Released: March 13, 1997  X. 'X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:4x((fxoxxxxxxxppxx` ` x Incumbents and Public Interest (# p`"(#PARA-7E63׃  X'4((foxppe.` ` Incumbent Accommodation Alternatives (#` p`"(#PARA-7F69׃  X4((foxpp` ` (1) CoExistence with LMDS (# p`"(#PARA-7F69׃  X4((foxpp` ` (2) Relocation to 23 GHz Band (# p`"(#PARA-7G72׃  X4((foxpp` ` (3) Proposed BandSharing Plans (# p`"(#PARA-7H74׃  X!4((foxppf.` ` Spectrum Sharing Plan (#` p`"(#PARA-7I79׃  Xo#4((foxpp` ` (1) Segmentation (# p`"(#PARA-7J80׃  XX$4((foxpp` ` (2) LMDS Use and Protection (# p`"(#PARA-7K85׃"X$0*&&::""Ԍ X4((foxpp` ` (3) Incumbent Licensee Use and Protection (# p`"(#PARA-7L88׃  X4((foxpp` ` (4) Relocation and Modification Procedures (# p`"(#PARA-7M91׃  X4((foxpp` ` (5) Applications for New Authorizations and for(#  X4((foxpp` `  P P  @ @ Modifications or Renewals of Existing Licensesp`"(#PARA-7N94׃  X4x((fxoxxxxxxxppxx` ` (6)h Rules (# p!(#PARA-7O104׃  Xv4((foxppg.` ` Application of NEPA (#` p!(#PARA-7P106׃  XH4((fohxB.Licensing of Spectrum (#p!(#PARA-8116׃  X 4x((foxh1.ppNumber of Licenses per Geographic Area (#p!(#PARA-8116׃  X 4((foxppa.` ` Background; Commentsp!(#PARA-8116׃  X 4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-9125׃  X 4((fox2.ppSize of Geographic Service Areas p!(#PARA-10132׃  Xy4((foxppa.` ` Background; Comments p!(#PARA-10132׃  Xb4x((foxhppb.` ` Decision (#p!(#PARA-11135׃  X44((fox3.ppSpectrum Disaggregation and Geographic Partitioning p!(#PARA-12140׃  X4((foxppa.` ` Background; Comments p!(#PARA-12140׃  X4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-13144׃  X4((fox4.ppEligibility (#pp!(#PARA-14146׃  X4((foxppa.` ` Background p!(#PARA-14146׃  Xe4((foxpp` ` (1) NPRMs p!(#PARA-14146׃  XN4((foxpp` ` (2) Comments p!(#PARA-15152׃  X 4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-16157׃  X4((foxpp` ` (1) Basis for Eligibility Restrictionsp!(#PARA-16157׃  X4((foxpp` ` (2) Effects of LEC and Cable Company Eligibility on  X 4x((fxoxxxxxxxppxx` ` x xP P x x@ @ Competition: 1,150 Megahertz Licenses (#@ p!(#PARA-17162׃  X"4((foxpp` `  P P  (a) Market Structure for Local Exchange Telephony and                               MVPD p!(#PARA-18163׃  X#4((foxpp` `  P P  (b) LMDS As a Source of Competition p!(#PARA-19170׃  Xh$4((foxpp` `  P P  (c) Usefulness of ShortTerm Eligibility Restrictions p!(#PARA-20176׃"h$0*&&::""Ԍ X4ԙ((foxpp` ` (3) Effects of LEC and Cable Company Eligibility on  X4x((fxoxxxxxxxppxx` ` x xP P x x@ @ Competition: 150 Megahertz Licenses (#@ p!(# PARA-21182׃  X4((foxpp` ` (4) Effects of CMRS and MMDS Eligibility on Competition p!(#PARA-22183׃  X4((foxppc.` ` Eligibility Rules.p!(#PARA-23185׃  Xv4x((fxoxxxxx5.ppFlexible Service and Framework for Licensing (#pp!(#PARA-24200׃  XH4((foxppa.` ` Scope of Services (#` p!(#PARA-24200׃  X 4((foxpp` ` (1) Background; Comments(# p!(#PARA-24200׃  X 4((foxpp` ` (2) Decision(# p!(#PARA-25205׃  X 4((foxpp` `  P P  (a)0 0 Flexible Service Definition(#0 p!(#PARA-25205׃  X 4((foxpp` `  P P  (b)0 0 Telecommunications Services(#0 p!(#PARA-26210׃  X 4((foxpp` `  P P  (c)0 0 Video Programming Distribution and (#0  X4((foxpp` `  P P  @ @  0 0 x Other NonCommon Carrier Services(# p!(#PARA-27213׃  Xb4((foxppb.` ` Regulatory Framework for Licensing LMDS(#` p!(#PARA-28218׃  X44((foxpp` ` (1) Background; Comments(# p!(#PARA-28218׃  X4((foxpp` ` (2) Decision(# p!(#PARA-29221׃  X4((fox6.ppApplication and Operating Rules and Procedures for LMDS(#pp!(#PARA-30228׃  X4((foxppa.` ` Background; Decision(#` p!(#PARA-30228׃  X4((foxppb.` ` Application Forms(#` p!(#PARA-31231׃  X4((foxppc.` ` Public Notice(#` p!(#PARA-32236׃  X|4((foxppd.` ` Foreign Ownership Restrictions(#` p!(#PARA-33240׃  Xe4((foxppe.` ` Initial Applications(#` p!(#PARA-34244׃  XN4((foxppf.` ` Changing Regulatory Status(#` p!(#PARA-35245׃  X 4((foxpp` ` (1) Amendments to Pending Applications(# p!(#PARA-36246׃  X 4((foxpp` ` (2) Modification Applications(# p!(#PARA-37248׃  X4((foxppg.` ` Discontinuance, Reduction, or Impairment of Service(#` p!(#PARA-38252׃  X 4((foxpph.` ` Fees(#` p!(#PARA-39256׃  X!4((foxppi.` ` Equal Employment Opportunity(#` p!(#PARA-40258׃  X"4((foxppj.` ` License Terms(#` p!(#PARA-41259׃  X#4((foxppk.` ` Renewal Expectancy(#` p!(#PARA-42260׃  Xh$4((foxppl.` ` Construction Requirements(#` p!(#PARA-43263׃"h$0*&&::""Ԍ((fox  X4((foxpp` ` (1)h Background; Comments(# p!(#PARA-43263׃  X4((foxpp` ` (2)h Decision(# p!(#PARA-44266׃  X4  X4((foxC.Technical Rules and Requirements.p!(#PARA-45273׃ ((foxpp  Xv4((fox1.ppFrequency Coordination p!(#PARA-45273׃  XH4((foxppa.` ` Background; Comments p!(#PARA-45273׃  X14((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-46277׃  X 4((fox2.ppPolarization p!(#PARA-47282׃  X 4((foxppa.` ` Background; Comments p!(#PARA-47282׃  X 4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-48284׃  X4((fox3.ppEquivalent Isotropically Radiated Power p!(#PARA-49285׃  Xb4((foxppa.` ` Background; Comments p!(#PARA-49285׃  XK4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-50289׃  X4((fox4.ppRF Emissions p!(#PARA-51292׃ ((foxpp  X4((fox5.ppSpectral Efficiency p!(#PARA-52297׃  X4((foxppa.` ` Background; Comments p!(#PARA-52297׃  X4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-53301׃  X|4((foxD.Competitive Bidding Rules and Procedures p!(#PARA-54302׃  XN4((fox1.ppUse of Competitive Bidding p!(#PARA-54302׃  X 4((fohxhppa.` ` Background; Comments (#p!(#PARA-54302׃  X 4((foxppb.` ` Decision p!(#PARA-55304׃  X4((fox2.ppCompetitive Bidding Issues p!(#PARA-56307׃  X!4((foxppa.` ` Competitive Bidding Design for LMDS Licenses p!(#PARA-56307׃  X#4((foxpp` ` (1) Background; Comments p!(#PARA-56307׃  Xh$4((foxpp` ` (2) Decision p!(#PARA-57309׃"h$0*&&::""Ԍ X4ԙ((foxppb.` ` LMDS Bidding Procedures p!(#PARA-58311׃ ((foxpp  X4((foxpp` ` (1) Bid Increments and Tie Bids p!(#PARA-59312׃  X4((foxpp` ` (2) Stopping Rules p!(#PARA-60315׃  X4((foxpp` ` (3) Duration of Bidding Rounds (#p!(#PARA-61317׃  X4((foxpp` ` (4) Bid Withdrawals p!(#PARA-62318׃  Xv4((foxpp` ` (5)8 Activity Rules (# p!(#PARA-63319׃  XH4((foxppc.` ` Procedural and Payment Issues p!(#PARA-64327׃  X 4((foxHpp` ` (1) Upfront Payments (#p!(#PARA-65328׃  X 4((foxXpp` ` (2) Down Payments, LongForm Applications, and Payment in Full (# p!(#PARA-66331׃  X 4((foxpp` ` (3) Bid Withdrawal, Default, and Disqualification Paymentsp!(#PARA-67333׃  X 4((foxppd.` ` Regulatory Safeguards (#p!(#PARA-68337׃ ((fo  X4((foxpp` ` (1) Transfer Disclosure (#` p!(#PARA-68337׃  Xy4((foxpp` ` (2) AntiCollusion Rules (#p!(#PARA-69338׃  XK4((fohxppe.` ` Treatment of Designated Entities (#p!(#PARA-70340׃  X4((foxHpp` ` (1) Overview (#p!(#PARA-70340׃  X4((foxXpp` ` (2) Installment Payments, Upfront Payments, Down(#  X4x((fxoxxxxxxxppxx` ` x xP P x x@ @ Payments, and Unjust Enrichment (#@ p!(#PARA-71344׃  X4((foxXpp` ` (3) Bidding Credits and Unjust Enrichment (#p!(#PARA-72355׃  X4((foxXpp` ` (4) Rural Telephone Companies (#p!(#PARA-73362׃  X4((foxE.Preemption p!(#PARA-74364׃  Xe4x((fox1.HppBackground; Comments(#pp!(#PARA-74364׃  XN4x((fxox2.ppDecision (#pp!(#PARA-75370׃  X 4((foxppa.` ` NonCommon Carrier Services and Video Programming p!(#PARA-76374׃  X4((foxpp` ` (1) General Standards p!(#PARA-76374׃  X4((foxpp` ` (2) OvertheAir Reception Devices for Video Programming p!(#PARA-77376׃ ((foxpp` `  P P  @ @  0 0   X!4((foxppb.` ` Common Carrier Services and Telecommunications Services p!(#PARA-78378׃ ((fox  X#4((foxpp` ` (1) General Standards p!(#PARA-78378׃  Xh$4((foxpp` ` (2) Personal Wireless Service Facilities p!(#PARA-79381׃"h$0*&&::""Ԍ X4ԙIII.hxORDER ON RECONSIDERATION OF WAIVER(#  X4x((fxoxxxAPPLICATION DENIALS (#p!(#PARA-80383׃  X4((foxA.Background; Pleadings p!(#PARA-80383׃  X4((foxB.Decision p!(#PARA-81388׃  Xv4((fox1.ppEffect on Assigned Users (#pp!(#PARA-82391׃  X_4((fox2.ppEvaluation of Public Interest Arguments (#pp!(#PARA-83397׃  XH4((fox3.ppClaims Regarding Nature of Services and Types of Applicants (#pp!(#PARA-84402׃  X 4IV.hxFIFTH NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING (#p!(#PARA-85407׃  X 4x((fxoxxA.hIntroduction (#p!(#PARA-85407׃  X 4x((fxoxxB.hDiscussion (#p!(#PARA-86410׃  X 4x((fxoxxxxx1.ppIn General (#pp!(#PARA-86410׃  X4x((fxoxxxxx2.ppAvailable License Area (#pp!(#PARA-87412׃  Xy4x((fxoxxxxx3.ppMinimum or Maximum Disaggregation Standards (#pp!(#PARA-88414׃  Xb4x((fxoxxxxx4.ppCombined Partitioning and Disaggregation (#pp!(#PARA-89415׃  XK4x((fxoxxxxx5.ppConstruction Requirements (#pp!(#PARA-90416׃  X44x((fxoxxxxx6.ppLicense Term (#pp!(#PARA-91418׃  X4x((fxoxxxxx7.ppCompetitive Bidding Issues (#pp!(#PARA-92420׃  X4x((fxoxxxxx8.ppLicensing Issues (#pp!(#PARA-93423׃  X4V.hxPROCEDURAL MATTERS (#p!(#PARA-96425׃  X4x((fxoxxA.hRegulatory Flexibility Analyses (#p!(#PARA-96425׃  X4x((fxoxxB.hPaperwork Reduction Analyses (#p!(#PARA-427X428׃  X|4x((fxoxxC.hEx Parte Presentations (#p!(#PARA-430X433׃  Xe4x((fxoxxD.hPleading Dates (#p!(#PARA-431X434׃  XN4x((fxoxxE.hFurther Information (#p!(#PARA-432X435׃  X 4VI.hxORDERING CLAUSES (#p!(#PARA-97436׃ ((fox  X4(p` P @ 0 xhXH8((p` P @ 0 xhXH8(APPENDIX A:P P Final Rules(#P  X4APPENDIX B:( xP P List of Existing Governmental and Private Business 31 GHz Licensees(#P  X 4APPENDIX C:( xP P Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis(#P  X!4APPENDIX D:P P Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis(#P  X"4APPENDIX E:( xP P List of Pleadings(#P "h$0*&&::""Ԍ X4o< I. INTRODUCTION ă  X'(p` P @ 0 xhXH8(p` P @ 0 p`P@0  !"#$%p&`' A. Overview  X4p` P @ 0 p`P@0  !"#$%p&`'X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: 'ԍ 47 CFR  1.402(h).? the Chief, Office of Engineering and Technology, will select a panel of experts to review CellularVision's technology and recommend whether the request should be granted. The Commission will establish, conduct, and seek the consensus of the panel pursuant to the Federal Advisory Committee Act, and will evaluate its recommendations in light of all the submissions and comments in the record. In addition, panelists will have the authority to seek further information pertaining to preference requests and to perform field evaluations, as appropriate.  X}44. The Commission makes no warranties about the use of this spectrum for particular services. Applicants should be aware that a Commission auction represents an opportunity to become a Commission licensee in this service, subject to certain conditions and regulations. A Commission auction does not constitute an endorsement by the Commission of any particular services, technologies, or products, nor does a Commission license constitute a guarantee of business success. Applicants should perform their individual due diligence before proceeding, as they would with any new business venture.  X4  X' B. Background X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:i~ {O!'ԍ Id., Appendix C.@ Sierra, IMSA, SBA, and other commenters opposing our proposed redesignation of 31 GHz argue that we have significantly underestimated the number of licensees, as well as the volume and extent of the current 31 GHz services nationwide. "$>0*&&::"Ԍ X4,45.ؠ Specifically, Sierra states that we overlooked several licensees in the list of licens X4ees that were mailed copies of the Fourth NPRM and argues that our data base appears to be  X4incomplete.T? {OM'ԍ Sierra Comments to Fourth NPRM at 2.T IMSA submits a list of a number of current 31 GHz licensees that reflects 70 rows of names, generated from the Commission's data base, and asserts that there actually  X4may be more.d@Z {O'ԍ IMSA Reply Comments to Fourth NPRM at 8, Appendix A.d Sunnyvale submits a list of more than 40 electronic traffic control modules it has installed, and another list of more than 40 locations where a larger number of installations are in process. It further argues that the license count does not reflect the inherent time delay  Xa4in applying the technology to the traffic control environment.WAa {O 'ԍ Sunnyvale Comments to Fourth NPRM at 2.W ITE and USDOT assert that  XJ4about 40 communities have installed, or are installing, 31 GHz traffic control systems.fBJ~ yOy'ԍ ITE Letter of Sept. 6, 1996; USDOT Letter of Sept 26, 1996.f SBA asserts that it was informed by Sierra that there may be as many as 100 incumbent licensees, both public and private, in this band. SBA submits a list prepared by Sierra of 27 dealers and  X 4resellers of Sierra's equipment, which is used by incumbent licensees.aC  {O'ԍ SBA Reply Comments to Fourth NPRM at 4, Appendix.a  X 4-46. P46X נ We agree with Sierra and the other commenters that the number of licensees we  X 4included in the IRFA of the Fourth NPRM did not reflect the total number of current licensees under the existing 31 GHz rules. Based on a review of our current data base, we find a total of 86 licensees operating at 122 stations. We note that the list of licensees submitted by IMSA is similar, but outofdate and does not identify many of the licensees. Moreover, the list duplicates several licensees by identifying each application and counting it separately.  X84.47. PARA-43A נWe clarify that, in the IRFA, we were considering the number of incumbent licensees that are small governmental entities that would be affected by our proposal to designate 31 GHz for LMDS, rather than all of the incumbent licensees that might be small entities. A review of our current database reveals that existing licenses have been issued for three categories of 31 GHz services, as follows:  X4X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:63. PARA-7E  In the Fourth NPRM, we sought comment regarding whether incumbents should be relocated to another band where interference protection is provided by our rules, such as the 23 GHz frequency band, or whether incumbents could be accommodated by other methods without affecting LMDS in the same band despite the fact that incumbents have assumed all  X4the risks of receiving interference.AW {O 'ԍ Id. at para. 102.A IMSA, SBA, Sierra, and Sunnyvale argue that our reliance on the present lack of interference protection at 31 GHz is no basis to displace the incumbent services from 31 GHz and subject them to interference, for the first time, that would  X4effectively eliminate their services. IMSA argues that we ignored in the Fourth NPRM both our intent in originally allocating the 31 GHz band and the practical reality of 31 GHz opera Xk4tions under currently applicable technical rules.YXk {O.#'ԍ IMSA Reply Comments to Fourth NPRM at 11.Y Sierra points out that, although 31 GHz"kX0*&&::W" users may have no legal protection against interfering cousers, they are afforded effective  X4protection against interference by the technical rules.Y {Ob'ԍ Sierra Comments to Fourth NPRM at 68; Sierra Reply Comments to Fourth NPRM at 78.  X4?64.ؠ All three categories of current licensees were licensed under rules that require they share the frequency on a coequal basis on a nonprotected basis, without protection from  X4harmful interference.WZZ yO'ԍ 47 CFR  101.103(b), 101.147(t).W However, as commenters assert, their operations in effect are free  Xv4from interference. In the Spectrum Utilization Second Report and Order, we concluded that the probability of causing or receiving harmful interference at 31 GHz would be small because of the technical requirements we imposed and the geographic diversity of use. Our goal was to provide for reduced licensing and coordination requirements for service providers utilizing the band, giving each licensee equal access and no rights to object to harmful interfer X 4ence being caused by any other licensed operation.j[  {O'ԍ  Spectrum Utilization Second Report and Order, at para. 10.j  X 4 @65.ؠ Thus, as IMSA argues, it would appear that incumbent 31 GHz licensees engaged in traffic control operations are not typical secondary spectrum users, inasmuch as all other categories of licensees in the band are not entitled to protection. And among the current licensees, the technical rules provide them with effective protection and immunity from the  X{4other licensed operators.\{| {O'ԍ Sierra Comments to Fourth NPRM at 67; Topeka Comments to Fourth NPRM at 2. Moreover, current licensing is not extensive, so that licensees experience little or no impact from other 31 GHz licensees. Despite their nonprotected status, incumbent licensees are not currently subject to interference and had no reason to anticipate a  X64large degree of interference under the existing licensing scheme.   X4X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:. ~n^N>.~n^N >!."#n^^#hxP7%P##%^xP7&KP#31.00031.075 GHzƎ^8  pG'  75 megahertz #   8  ^^31.07531.225 GHzƎ^   150 megahertz  3  E  ^^31.22531.300 GHzƎ^E  pG '  75 megahertz 3 Eܗ$(#(#ww(#(# !w$  X4 !wX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:0*&&::"Ԍ X4ԙX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:Z0*&&:: " licensees to recoup some of their initial licensing and construction costs, while providing a method for entities with specific local concerns or insufficient capital to purchase rights for the entire service area, to acquire a portion of the geographic area originally licensed. We also determined that geographic partitioning may allow some areas, particularly rural areas, to  X4be served sooner than would otherwise be possible.H2 {O'ԍ Id. at 86 (paras. 8991).H  Xv4X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: 2 {Ot'ԍ Market power is defined as the ability of a firm to set price profitably above competitive levels. #W*f9 xr G;X#See#X\  P6G;sP# D.  yO>'Carlton & J. Perloff,  Modern Industrial Organization 922 (1994).> of incumbent LECs and cable operators, and whether there are any other viable means of entry into the local exchange and cable markets. We asked whether there would be any inherent cost  X4advantages for incumbent LECs or cable companies due to economies of scope,QF2 yO'ԍ Economies of scope is defined as a situation in which it is less costly for a single firm to provide two  {OQ'products or services than for two specialized firms to provide them separately. #W*f9 xr G;X# Id.#X\  P6G;sP# at 920.Q or other efficiencies, such as billing and marketing of services. We inquired whether prohibiting incumbent LEC and cable operators from bidding on LMDS licenses in their geographic service areas would discourage investment in LMDS or the development of LMDS  X64technology.J62 {O'ԍ Fourth NPRM, at para. 128.J  X4151. We also sought comment in the Fourth NPRM concerning the nature of any eligibility restrictions that might be imposed. We solicited comment on the duration of any eligibility restrictions we might impose, but emphasized that eligibility restrictions would continue only until there is increased competition in local video and telephone exchange markets. In the cable context, we inquired whether the fourpronged test for effective  X4competition set forth in Section 623(l) of the Communications Act@2 2 yOz$'ԍ 47 U.S.C.  543(l).@ would be a reliable"B 0*&&::" indicator of appropriate levels of multichannel video programming. With respect to LECs, however, we noted that there is no standard test for effective competition in the local exchange market. We also sought comment on several practical, administrative decisions necessary to imposing any form of eligibility restriction, including defining the term ``incumbent,'' defining an attributable interest in an incumbent LEC or cable operator, and determining the relationship between limits on participation by incumbent LECs and cable operators in LMDS  Xv4and our proposal in the Third NPRM to allow partitioning and disaggregation.  XJ'X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: