FCC Releases New Census Tract-Level Data on High-Speed Internet Services
High-Speed Services for Internet Access:
Status as of December 31, 2008
Industry Analysis and Technology Division
Wireline Competition Bureau
February 2010
This report is available for reference in the FCC’s Reference Information Center, Courtyard Level, 445 12th
Street, SW, Washington, DC. Copies may be purchased by contacting Best Copy and Printing, Inc., 445
12th Street, SW, Room CY-B402, Washington, DC 20554, telephone (800) 378-3160, or via their website at
www.bcpiweb.com. The report can also be downloaded from the Wireline Competition Bureau Statistical
Reports Internet site at www.fcc.gov/wcb/stats.
Contents
TEXT
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................1
Major modifications to the data collection .............................................................................................2
Implications for trend analysis................................................................................................................3
Census tracts and counties ......................................................................................................................4
Report overview......................................................................................................................................6
Report highlights.....................................................................................................................................6
Total subscribership by technology..................................................................................................6
Residential subscribership by technology ........................................................................................7
Connection
speeds ............................................................................................................................7
Census tract and county shares of households with high-speed connections ...................................8
Maps of high-speed providers by census tract..................................................................................8
Household adoption rates and subscribership demographics ...........................................................8
Technical notes .....................................................................................................................................58
Customer response form
TABLES
1. High-Speed
Connections
2005-2008................................................................................................9
2. Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008 ..................................................................................10
3. Residential
High-Speed
Connections 2005-2008...........................................................................11
4. Residential Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008 ...............................................................12
5. Residential High-Speed Connections by Technology and Speed...................................................15
6. Total High-Speed Connections by Speed Tier ...............................................................................16
7. Residential High-Speed Connections by Speed Tier......................................................................17
8. Total High-Speed Connections and Percentage Residential by Speed Tier ...................................21
9. Fixed High-Speed Connections and Percentage Residential by Speed Tier ..................................22
10. Nationwide Number of Providers of High-Speed Connections
by Technology 2005-2008..............................................................................................................23
11. Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections
to County Households, by Technology ..........................................................................................25
12. Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections
to Tract Households, by Technology..............................................................................................27
13. Percentage of Census Tracts with Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections
by
Technology ................................................................................................................................33
14. High-Speed Connections by Technology by State ........................................................................34
15. Percentage of High-Speed Connections by Download Speed by State .........................................36
16. ADSL High-Speed Connections by State 2005-2008 ....................................................................38
17. Cable Modem High-Speed Connections by State 2005-2008 ........................................................40
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 i
18. High-Speed Connections by Type of End User by State ...............................................................42
19. Percentage of Residential End-User Premises with Access to High-Speed
Services
by State ............................................................................................................................43
20. Providers of High-Speed Connections by Technology by State ...................................................44
21. Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections and Households by State ..........................................46
22. Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections
to County Households by State ......................................................................................................47
23. Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed
Connections to Tract Households by State.....................................................................................49
CHARTS
1. Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008......................................................................................9
2. High-Speed Connections by Technology .........................................................................................9
3. Fixed Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008 ........................................................................10
4. Advanced Services Connections by Technology ...........................................................................10
5. Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008.................................................................11
6. Residential High-Speed Connections by Technology ....................................................................11
7. Residential Fixed Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008 .....................................................12
8. Residential Advanced Services Connections by Technology .......................................................12
9. Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008, Shares of Selected Technologies...........13
10. Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008, Net Ads for Selected Technologies .......13
11. Distribution of High-Speed Connections by Downstream Speed,
Selected
Technologies ....................................................................................................................14
12. Residential Broadband Connections (BTOP/BIP Definition) by Technology ..............................15
13. Distribution of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections by Download
Speed
Tier.......................................................................................................................................18
14. Distribution of Residential High-Speed Connections by Download Speed Tier............................19
15. Cumulative Distribution of Residential High-Speed Connections by Download
Speed
Tier.......................................................................................................................................20
16. Nationwide Number of Providers of High-Speed Connections,
Selected Technologies 2005-2008..................................................................................................23
17. Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections
to County Households ....................................................................................................................24
18. Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed
Connections to Tract Households...................................................................................................26
19. Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Income Decile,
County
Data....................................................................................................................................51
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 ii
20. Subscribership Ratio Distributions by Income Deciles ..................................................................52
21. Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Density Decile,
County
Data....................................................................................................................................53
22. Subscribership Ratio Distributions by Density Deciles .................................................................54
23. Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Share of College
Graduates in Deciles, County Data ................................................................................................55
24. Subscribership Ratio Distributions by Share of Population with a College Degree ......................56
25. Median Ratios of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Income
and Density, Tract Data..................................................................................................................57
MAPS
Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections per 1,000 Households by Census Tract...........................28
Residential Fixed Connections per 1,000 Households by Census Tract,
BTOP/BIP Broadband Definition .........................................................................................................29
Providers of Fixed High-Speed Connections by Census Tract .............................................................30
Providers of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections by Census Tract ..........................................31
Providers of Mobile High-Speed Connections by Census Tract ..........................................................32
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 iii
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008
Introduction.
Congress directed the Commission and the states, in section 706 of theTelecommunications Act of 1996,1 to encourage deployment of advanced telecommunications capability
in the United States on a reasonable and timely basis. To assist in its evaluation of such deployment, in
2000 the Commission instituted a formal data collection program (FCC Form 477),2 which gathers
standardized information about subscribership to high-speed Internet access services from telephone
companies, cable system operators, terrestrial wireless service providers, satellite service providers, and
any other facilities-based providers of advanced telecommunications capability.3 This report summarizes
information reported for December 31, 2008, which, for the first time, includes details about
subscribership differences among census tracts and counties, as well as states.
1 47 U.S.C. § 1302(b). Section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, Pub. L. No. 104-104, title VII, Sec.
706, 110 Stat. 56, 153 (1996) (1996 Act), as amended in relevant part by the Broadband Data Improvement Act,
Pub. L. No. 110-385, 122 Stat. 4096 (2008) (BDIA), is now codified in Title 47, Chapter 12 of the United States
Code. See 47 U.S.C. § 1301 et. seq. Prior to the BDIA, section 706 was reproduced in the notes to section 157 of
the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the Act). 47 U.S.C. § 157 nt. (2008).
2 Local Competition and Broadband Reporting, CC Docket No. 99-301, Report and Order, 15 FCC Rcd 7717
(2000); Local Telephone Competition and Broadband Reporting, WC Docket No. 04-141, Report and Order, 19
FCC Rcd 22340 (2004). Qualifying entities file FCC Form 477 each year on March 1 (reporting data for the
preceding December 31) and September 1 (reporting data for June 30 of the same year). The first data collected
were as of December 31, 1999.
3 Form 477 collects, and this report summarizes, information about Internet access connections in service to end-
user locations that are advertised to deliver information to and/or from the end user – that is, in at least one direction
– at transfer rates (“speeds”) above 200 kilobits per second (kbps). Information is collected about connections in
several sub-groupings (“speed tiers”) defined by ranges of upstream speeds and downstream speeds. Connections
are further categorized by the technology employed by the part of the connection that terminates at the end-user
location. See Technical Notes, at the end of this report, for information about the technology categories. To provide
continuity with published historical data, this particular report uses the term “high-speed” to describe all reported
connections and, additionally, uses the term “advanced services” to describe the subset of connections with
advertised speeds above 200 kbps both to and from the end user (but not necessarily the same speed in each
direction). (Consistent with the Form 477 data collection orders, “broadband” and “high-speed” are synonyms in
footnotes that discuss particular elements of those orders.)
In the Form 477 data collection, “end users” are residential, business, institutional, or government entities who use
services for their own purposes and who do not resell such services to other entities. The “facilities-based” provider
of a connection is the entity that owns the portion of the physical facility that terminates at the end-user location,
obtains an unbundled network element (UNE), special access line, or other leased facility that terminates at the end-
user location and provisions/equips it as broadband, or provisions/equips a broadband wireless channel to the end-
user location over licensed spectrum or over spectrum that the provider uses on an unlicensed basis. The facilities-
based providers report information about connections they provide directly to their own end-user customers and also
connections that they provide to Internet Service Providers (ISPs) for resale to end users, and ISPs who are not
themselves facilities-based providers do not report. These requirements avoid double-counting of end user
connections. When the service retailer is such a reseller ISP, connections must be reported as residential or business
connections based on the status of the end user of the ISP’s retail Internet access service.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 1
Major modifications to the data collection.
For June 30 and December 31 dates from December 1999through June 2008, Form 477 filers were required to report numbers of high-speed connections in service
to end-user locations in each state, broken down by speed tier and technology, and to identify all ZIP
Codes in which they had at least one high-speed connection in service to an end-user location.4 The
Commission and others have recognized these requirements as insufficiently granular or precise to inform
necessary policymaking, and, in 2008, the Commission significantly improved the data collection.5 The
statistics reported here reflect data as of December 31, 2008, and are the first to be based on data collected
under the modified Form 477 requirements.
The Commission improved three elements of the data collection:
• Providers of fixed-location high-speed Internet access connections now report the number of
connections in service at the census tract level as well as at the state level. Consequently, this
report summarizes information about fixed-location connections in 3,232 counties and 66,287
census tracts.6
• All filers report connections in accordance with an increased number of upload and download
transmission speed categories, which now total 72.
• Mobile wireless service providers report more specific information about mobile wireless Internet
access service, as discussed below.7
4 For the data through June 2008, the Commission required mobile wireless providers to report the number of
subscribers by state and to provide a list of the ZIP Codes that best represented the areas where the provider’s
mobile wireless broadband service was advertised and available to actual and potential subscribers. Also to obtain
information about service availability, as opposed to subscribership, the Commission required incumbent telephone
companies to report (starting with the June 30, 2005 data) the extent to which their Digital Subscriber Line service –
including both asymmetric DSL (“aDSL” in this report) and symmetric DSL (“sDSL” in this report) – was available
to the housing units in their local telephone service area in the state, and required cable system operators to report
the extent to which their cable modem service was available to the housing units in their cable TV service area in the
state.
5 Development of Nationwide Broadband Data to Evaluate Reasonable and Timely Deployment of Advanced
Services to All Americans, Improvement of Wireless Broadband Subscribership Data, and Development of Data on
Interconnected Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Subscribership, WC Docket No. 07-38, Report and Order, 23
FCC Rcd 9691 (2008); Order on Reconsideration, 23 FCC Rcd 9800 (2008). Effective with the filing of data as of
December 31, 2008, Form 477 is a Web-based electronic filing system. Information about system mechanics and
detailed reporting requirements is available at http://www.fcc.gov/form477/.
6 According to the Census Bureau, there are 66,438 census tracts in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Island
Areas (e.g., the U.S. Virgin Islands); see “Definition: Census tract” in results for “census tract” keyword search at
http://www.census.gov/ (visited Oct. 26, 2009). For the 2000 decennial census, the Census Bureau assigned a
default census tract code of 000000 to some coastal and Great Lakes water and territorial sea, and these default-code
tracts are not included in the statistics in this report.
7 See pp. 3-4.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 2
In conjunction with measures underway pursuant to the Broadband Data Improvement Act and the
Recovery Act,8 data collected by the modified Form 477 provide the Commission and the public with a
more valuable resource than prior collections for evaluating the state of broadband in the country. For
example, the statistics reported here depict subscribership to high-speed Internet access services at finer
levels of geographic detail than was previously possible using the Form 477 data. They also provide
more detailed information about connection speeds, including, in particular, information about
connections that meet the “broadband service” definition (advertised speeds of at least 768 kilobits per
second (kbps) downstream and 200 kbps upstream to end users) that the Rural Utilities Service,
Department of Agriculture, and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration,
Department of Commerce, have adopted to implement the stimulus funding for broadband deployment
provisions of the Recovery Act.9
Implications for trends analysis.
Readers interested in historical trends in the Form 477 data shouldnote certain changes to the reporting requirements that were effective in 2005 and in 2008.
First, the historical series presented in this report begin with data as of June 30, 2005. In earlier data from
this collection, providers with fewer than 250 high-speed connections in service in a particular state were
not required to report data for that state.10 Readers may refer to previous releases of this report for the
more extensive data, from December 31, 1999, onward.11
Second, the modifications adopted for the December 31, 2008, and later, data have caused a one-time
decrease in the reported number of high-speed mobile wireless Internet access service connections, from
about 60 million in June 2008 to about 25 million in December 2008.12 For reporting periods through
June 30, 2008, Form 477 had instructed mobile wireless providers to report the number of subscribers
whose mobile device (such as a wireless modem laptop card, smartphone, or handset) was capable of
sending or receiving data at speeds above 200 kbps. The Commission found these instructions
insufficiently precise to enable it to determine, from the reported data, the number of subscribers making
regular use of Internet access service above 200 kbps as part of their mobile service package. Starting
with the December 31, 2008 data, therefore, Form 477 requires mobile wireless providers to report the
number of subscribers that have a capable device (as discussed above) for which the subscription includes
8 See 47 U.S.C. § 1301 et seq. (Broadband Data Improvement Act); American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of
2008, Pub.L. 111-5, 123 Stat. 115 (2009) (Recovery Act).
9 See Department of Agriculture, Rural Utilities Service, Broadband Initiatives Program, RIN: 00572-ZA01,
Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Broadband Technology
Opportunitites Program, RIN: 0660-ZA28, Notice of Funds Availability, 74 Red. Reg. 33104 (July 9, 2009)
(NTIA/RUS BTOP/BIP NOFA or NOFA).
10 Eliminating the reporting threshold resulted in the number of filers more than doubling. However, as of June 30,
2005, filers with fewer than 250 connections in a state (including some entities that previously made voluntary
submissions) represented about 0.2% of total reported high-speed connections.
11 Previous releases of this report are available at http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/comp.html. Individual reports may
include revisions of previously published statistics.
12 See Table 1. The one-time decrease in high-speed mobile wireless Internet access connections is, in turn,
reflected in a one-time decrease in total high-speed Internet access connections for all technologies combined.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 3
a data plan for transferring, on a monthly basis,13 either a specified or an unlimited amount of data to and
from Internet sites of the subscriber’s choice, and excluding subscribers whose choice of content is
restricted to only customized-for-mobile content (for example, text and multimedia messaging, or the
capacity to download ringtones and games). In this report, we refer to these subscribers as having high-
speed service subscriptions for full Internet access.14
Starting with the December 31, 2008, data, providers also must report, explicitly and separately, total
subscribers with a device capable of a high-speed connection, irrespective of the service plan purchased.
The number of such devices reported for December 2008 was about 86 million. That figure is not directly
comparable to mobile wireless connections reported for June 2008 or earlier reporting periods, however,
because individual providers – to a varying and largely unknown degree – included or excluded
subscribers with service plans for less than full Internet access in the earlier data.
Finally, the Form 477 modifications adopted for the December 31, 2008, and later, data specify how
mobile wireless providers should distinguish between residential subscribers and other subscribers, and
some of these providers consequently reported a larger share of residential subscribers than they had
reported for earlier dates.15
Census tracts and counties.
The December 31, 2008 data are the most comprehensive to date,with some 1,556 entities submitting 4,491 state-level filings, of which 4,209 included subscription
information at the census tract level of detail.16 We present statistics for census tracts where practicable
13 The Form 477 instructions do not distinguish between prepaid and postpaid monthly service plans.
14 As compared to the modified Form 477 (that is, starting with the December 31, 2008 data), other sources may
estimate larger numbers of mobile wireless Internet access service subscribers under less-specific definitions. For
example, Nielsen Mobile estimated that, as of May 2008, 15.6% of mobile telephony subscribers (or 40 million
subscribers) paid for access to the mobile Internet, either as part of a subscription or on a per-transaction basis, and
used a mobile Internet service in the past 30 days. (See, for example, the Commission’s Thirteenth Annual CMRS
Competition Report, at p. 97; available at http://wireless.fcc.gov/index.htm?job=cmrs_reports.) By contrast, in their
Form 477 filings, mobile wireless providers reported that 25 million subscribers had mobile devices with high-speed
data plans for full Internet access at year-end 2008.
15 For reporting data through June 30, 2008, the Form 477 instructions allowed mobile wireless providers to estimate
the share of subscribers who were residential end users (as opposed to business, government, or institutional end
users) based on marketing information (for example, those subscribers who purchased service plans the provider
designed primarily to attract residential end users). The Commission observed that the aggregate residential
percentage reported under those guidelines (for example, about 11% in the June 30, 2006 data) could understate
residential subscribership. Therefore, starting with the December 31, 2008, data, Form 477 requires mobile wireless
providers to report, as residential, those subscriptions the provider does not bill to a corporate, non-corporate
business, government, or institutional account. In the data reported for December 31, 2008, the aggregate residential
percentage reported was 63% (compare Table 3 to Table 1).
16 Because mobile service subscribers may move within and among broadband service areas, the Commission
decided, in the 2008 Form 477 modifications, to continue to require mobile wireless service providers to report the
number of connections they provide in individual states (with the state determined by the billing address associated
with the service subscription) but not the number of subscribers located in individual census tracts. However, each
facilities-based mobile wireless provider must report the census tracts in the state that best represent the areas where
service is available over the provider’s own network, for each of the speed tiers in which the provider offers service.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 4
in this report, but for reasons of accuracy and confidentiality, we present them at the county level in
certain situations.17
We present several maps and charts that are entirely or substantially new. For example, previous reports
contained a single map, which counted (at the holding company level) each provider with any fixed-
location connections reported for the ZIP Code and also any mobile wireless service provider who listed
the ZIP Code as part of its high-speed service area. By contrast, in this report we provide a map for
providers (counted at the holding company level) of any fixed-location connections reported for the
census tract and a separate map for providers making mobile wireless high-speed service available. Also,
we present an entirely new map showing the number of providers that reported any residential fixed-
location connections, thereby excluding any providers of exclusively business fixed-location connections
in the census tract.
We also present entirely new maps that are based on our estimates of the share of households with fixed-
location high-speed connections in individual census tracts (that is, census tract-specific estimates of
household subscribership, or adoption, rates).
In several new charts, we begin to explore relationships between our estimated household adoption rates
and demographic factors, for example, median household income, households per square mile, and
educational attainment.18 We primarily illustrate county-level data at this time because there are
unresolved anomalies in some census tract data.19
17 For example, we have used the newly available data to estimate, for individual census tracts, the share of
households with high-speed connections over fixed-location technologies, and have found that 10% of census tracts
have estimates at or above 100%. The number of such “outliers” is substantially reduced, to 1%, when estimates are
made for individual counties. (Census tracts can easily be aggregated into counties because tracts do not cross
county boundaries.) Some misinterpretation of reporting instructions can be expected whenever a substantially
modified data collection is implemented for the first time. We are investigating the reasons for these anomalous
census tract results and are working with the Form 477 filers to improve the accuracy of the data currently collected
and for future collections. Our preliminary assessment is that reasons may include (1) geocoding misallocations in
this first collection of data for census tracts (an unfamiliar geography for many filers), with unresolved service
locations attributed to a single census tract; (2) proper allocation of connections to the county level by some filers,
but improper allocation of all connections to a single tract in the county; (3) possible overestimation of residential
connections in service plans for which the customer base is primarily residential that is not counterbalanced by
underestimation of residential connections in service plans puchased primarily by businesses; and (4) connections at
seasonally or occasionally occupied housing units, such as vacation homes, while the household is counted
elsewhere. We also note that the numbers of households in census tracts, which we use to generate the residential
share estimates, are themselves estimates, for 2009. (We have used GeoLytics, Inc. census block-level estimates of
households in 2009, which can be aggregated into estimates for individual census tracts. Other estimates of
households by census block or census tract may differ, and any estimate is, by definition, not a complete census.)
18 See Charts 19, 21, and 23, respectively. See also, Charts 20, 22, and 24, which are box plots. In these box plots,
the 10% of counties (first decile) that are ranked lowest according to the variable of interest (for example, median
household income) are summarized by the box on the far left of the chart, and so on, until the 10% of counties (tenth
decile) that are ranked highest according to the variable of interest are summarized by the box on the far right. In
most deciles, there are some counties (shown as small, unshaded boxes) that appear to be atypical of their group, and
therefore may deserve additional study.
19 See n.17, above. In Chart 25, however, we illustration the relationship, in the collected data as of year-end 2008,
between estimated household share of fixed-location high-speed connections and population density (measured by
households per square mile), in census tracts with differing income levels.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 5
Report overview.
Following a presentation of report highlights, the remainder of the report consists oftables and charts in the following sequence.
• National data. Updates of four historical trend tables from earlier reports are presented, followed
by tables and charts summarizing newly available data. New materials include:
- Tables summarizing connections reported in 72 combinations of upstream and downstream
transmission speeds, and charts comparing that information to the NTIA/RUS BTOP/BIP
NOFA definition of broadband service.
- Charts and maps summarizing differences among the 3,232 counties and 66,287 census tracts in
the estimated share of households with fixed-location high-speed Internet access connections.
• State data. Certain historical trend tables from earlier reports are updated, and a new table
summarizes the expanded information about connection speeds.
• County and census tract data. New tables explore, in greater detail, estimated shares of
households with fixed-location high-speed Internet access service in different geographies. By
contrast to the national summary information, these tables present detailed results for the counties
and census tracts in individual states.
• Preliminary analysis of demographic factors. Charts are introduced to illustrate relationships to
demographic factors, for example, income and educational attainment.
Readers should note that, consistent with our past practices for this report, publicly available detailed
information that supplements the report will be made available electronically on the Wireline Competition
Bureau’s website.20
Report highlights
Total subscribership by technology (Table 1)
• High-speed Internet access connections to homes and businesses over fixed-location technologies
increased by 10% during 2008, to 77 million. By contrast, the annual rate of increase was 17%
during 2007.
20 See, for example, items posted under the subheading “Miscellaneous data from FCC Form 477” at
http://www.fcc.gov/wcb/iatd/comp.html.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 6
• At year-end 2008, 25 million mobile wireless service subscribers had mobile devices (such as
laptops and smartphones) with high-speed data plans for full Internet access. By contrast, at that
time there were 86 million subscribers whose mobile device was capable of transmitting
information at speeds above 200 kbps, including subscribers who purchased only a voice service
plan for the handset, subscribers whose data service included only customized-for-mobile content
(for example, text and multimedia messaging, or the capacity to download ringtones and games),
and the 25 million subscribers with data plans for full Internet access. Because reporting
practices previously varied among providers to a largely unknown degree, neither of the
December 2008 figures is directly comparable to mobile wireless high-speed connections
reported for earlier dates.
• Reported connections for the most widely adopted fixed-location technologies, cable modem and
aDSL, increased by 14% and 3%, respectively, during 2008, to 41 million cable modem
connections and 30 million aDSL connections, with the cable modem increase being partly due to
more comprehensive reporting by small cable systems. A 56% increase in total fiber-to-the-
premises (“FTTP”) connections, to 3 million, was the largest rate of change among the fixed-
location technologies.
Residential subscribership by technology (Table 3)
• There were 86 million residential high-speed connections at year-end 2008, of which 70 million
were fixed-technology connections and 16 million were mobile wireless subscribers with data
plans for full Internet access.
• Of the 86 million residential high-speed connections at year-end 2008, cable modem represented
46%, aDSL represented 31%, mobile wireless subscribers with data plans for full Internet access
represented 18%, FTTP represented 3%, and all other technologies represented 1%. At year-end
2005, by contrast, there were roughly half as many residential high-speed connections (44
million), of which cable modem represented 58%, aDSL represented 40%, and all other
technologies represented 2%.
• Residential FTTP connections increased by 61% during 2008 while residential aDSL high-speed
connections were essentially unchanged. Together, residential aDSL and FTTP connections
increased by 4% during 2008, to 29 million.
Connection speeds (Tables 5 - 7)
• Of the 102 million total (combined residential and business) high-speed connections at year-end
2008, 86 million (or 84% or the total) were faster than 200 kbps in both upstream and
downstream directions, 77% met the NOFA definition of broadband service (with 768 kbps or
higher advertised downstream speeds and upstream speeds above 200 kbps), 49% had
downstream speeds of 3 megabits per second (mbps) or more and upload speeds above 200 kbps,
34% had downstream speeds of 6 mbps or more and upload speeds above 200 kbps, and 11% had
downstream speeds of 10 mbps or more and upload speeds above 200 kbps.
• For fixed-location technologies as a group, 89% of connections met the NOFA definition of
broadband service. Among mobile wireless subscribers whose subscription included a data plan
for full Internet access, 41% of subscriptions met the NOFA definition.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 7
• Of the 86 million residential high-speed connections reported at year-end 2008, 69 million (or
80% of the total) met the NOFA definition of broadband service. Of these, 56% were cable
modem, 31% were aDSL, 4% were FTTP, 9% were mobile wireless subscribers with data plans
for full Internet access, and 1% were a technology other than these.
• Of the 17 million residential high-speed connections reported at year-end 2008 that did not meet
the NOFA definition of broadband service, 56% were mobile wireless subscribers with data plans
for full Internet access, 31% were aDSL, 8% were cable modem, 3% were satellite, 1% were
fixed wireless, and 1% were a technology other than these.
Census tract and county shares of households with high-speed connections (Charts 17 and 18,
and two maps following Table 12)
households with fixed-location high-speed Internet access connections in individual census tracts
and counties. Our estimates indicate that there are substantial areas of relatively low and
relatively high household adoption around the national average.
• Particularly for census tracts, we find estimates above 100% for the share of households with
fixed-location high-speed Internet access connections. These results suggest that there may have
been some reporting errors in the initial collection of information by census tract.21
Maps of high-speed providers by census tract
are similar to previously published maps of providers by ZIP Code, but differ in important
respects. Instead of a single map combining providers of connections over all technologies and to
both residential and business end users, now three maps depict: (1) providers of total (combined
residential and business) fixed-location connections, (2) providers of residential fixed-location
connections, and (3) providers making mobile wireless high-speed service available.
Household adoption rates and subscribership demographics (Charts 19 - 25)
subscribership, or adoption, rates and demographic factors, such as median household income,
household density, and educational attainment.
• The exploratory data analysis presented in the report indicates that some demographic variables
matter in explaining geographic variations in the adoption of high-speed Internet access service.
* * * *
We invite users of this information to provide suggestions for improved analysis of data presented in this
report by using the attached customer response form or by e-mailing comments to IATDreports@fcc.gov
for subject: Dec 2008 high speed data. We encourage users of this information to provide suggestions
for improved data collection by participating in any formal proceedings undertaken by the Commission to
solicit comments for improvement of FCC Form 477.
21 See n.17, above.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 8
1
Table 1
High-Speed Connections 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
Technology
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Total
42,518
50,930
64,992
82,525
100,986
121,222
132,814
102,043
Total Fixed
42,138
47,803
53,975
60,238
65,681
70,206
73,123
76,926
aDSL
16,316
19,515
22,584
25,413
27,793
29,449
29,964
30,190
sDSL
412
369
337
345
320
293
275
245
Other Wireline
487
373
472
545
622
605
665
711
Cable Modem
24,017
26,558
29,173
31,982
34,404
36,507
38,190
41,468
FTTP1
316
298
547
894
1,281
1,849
2,346
2,881
Satellite
377
427
495
572
669
791
869
938
Fixed Wireless
209
257
361
483
587
707
808
488
Power Line and Other
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Mobile Wireless2
380
3,128
11,017
22,288
35,305
51,016
59,691
25,117
1 Fiber to the premises. See Technical Notes at the end of the report for a description of Form 477 technology categories and other reporting requirements.
2 Reporting instructions for mobile wireless changed between the June 2008 and December 2008 data. The changes, and their effect on the reported data, are
explained at pp. 3-4 of the report text.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
Chart 1
Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008
80,000s
nd
a
s
u
70,000
o
h
T
n
i
60,000
ns
t
i
o
c
e
50,000
nn
o
C
40,000
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
2005
2005
2006
2006
2007
2007
2008
2008
Chart 2
High-Speed Connections by Technology as of December 31, 2008
FTTP2.8%
aDSL
29.6%
Cable Modem
All Other
40.6%
1.4%
Mobile Wireless
Satellite
24.6%
0.9%
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 9
2
Table 2
Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in both directions, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
Technology
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Total
37,333
43,592
50,838
59,505
69,619
80,254
88,414
85,865
Total Fixed
37,311
43,510
48,923
55,015
60,429
64,907
68,189
71,320
aDSL
13,176
15,921
18,310
21,144
23,657
25,244
26,132
26,562
sDSL
387
369
337
345
319
293
275
245
Other Wireline
482
368
471
544
622
605
665
711
Cable Modem
22,745
26,294
28,893
31,594
33,936
36,165
37,849
40,415
FTTP1
314
297
546
893
1,279
1,845
2,344
2,876
Satellite
11
36
27
36
57
74
155
110
Fixed Wireless
191
220
333
455
554
675
763
397
Power Line and Other
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Mobile Wireless2
21
82
1,914
4,491
9,190
15,347
20,226
14,545
1 Fiber to the premises. See Technical Notes at the end of the report for a description of Form 477 technology categories and other reporting
requirements.
2 See footnote 2, Table 1.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
Chart 3
Fixed Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008
80,000s
nd
a
70,000
s
u
o
h
T
60,000
n
i
ns
50,000
t
i
o
c
e
nn
o
40,000
C
30,000
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
2005
2005
2006
2006
2007
2007
2008
2008
Chart 4
Advanced Services Connections by Technology as of December 31, 2008
FTTP3.3%
aDSL
30.9%
All Other
0.9%
Cable Modem
Mobile Wireless
47.1%
16.9%
Other Wireline
0.8%
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 10
3
Table 3
Residential High-Speed Connections 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
Technology
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Total
38,696
43,965
50,941
58,344
66,173
73,984
79,090
85,966
Total Fixed
38,694
43,956
49,784
55,652
60,628
64,875
67,554
70,148
aDSL
14,443
17,371
20,152
22,768
24,962
26,475
26,950
26,481
sDSL
154
122
103
105
105
82
81
74
Other Wireline
6
7
9
13
12
17
32
42
Cable Modem
23,578
25,714
28,388
31,118
33,336
35,341
36,901
39,788
FTTP1
83
213
444
764
1,153
1,683
2,139
2,715
Satellite
265
320
382
456
530
626
705
630
Fixed Wireless
161
203
301
424
523
644
741
413
Power Line and Other
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Mobile Wireless2
3
9
1,157
2,692
5,545
9,109
11,536
15,818
1 Fiber to the premises. See Technical Notes at the end of the report for a description of Form 477 technology categories and other reporting
requirements.
2 See footnote 2, Table 1.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
Chart 5
Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008
80,000s
nd
a
70,000
s
u
o
h
T
60,000
n
i
ns
50,000
t
i
o
c
e
nn
o
40,000
C
30,000
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
2005
2005
2006
2006
2007
2007
2008
2008
Chart 6
Residential High-Speed Connections by Technology as of December 31, 2008
FTTP3.2%
aDSL
30.8%
All Other
1.4%
Cable Modem
Mobile Wireless
46.3%
18.4%
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 11
4
Table 4
Residential Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in both directions, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
Technology
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Total
34,445
40,323
46,585
53,648
61,371
69,148
74,458
74,333
Total Fixed
34,443
40,314
45,428
50,956
55,825
60,040
62,934
65,051
aDSL
11,731
14,242
16,416
18,878
21,106
22,556
23,315
23,039
sDSL
150
122
103
105
105
82
81
74
Other Wireline
2
3
9
13
12
17
32
42
Cable Modem
22,324
25,533
28,159
30,771
32,916
35,035
36,600
38,779
FTTP1
83
213
443
763
1,151
1,680
2,137
2,710
Satellite
2
25
15
23
35
48
63
73
Fixed Wireless
146
171
278
399
494
617
700
330
Power Line and Other
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
Mobile Wireless2
3
9
1,157
2,692
5,545
9,108
11,525
9,281
1 Fiber to the premises. See Technical Notes at the end of the report for a description of Form 477 technology categories and other reporting
requirements.
2 See footnote 2, Table 1.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
Chart 7
Residential Fixed Advanced Services Connections 2005-2008
70,000s
nd
a
s
u
60,000
o
h
T
n
i
50,000
ns
t
i
o
c
e
40,000
nn
o
C
30,000
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
2005
2005
2006
2006
2007
2007
2008
2008
Chart 8
Residential Advanced Services Connections by Technology as of December 31, 2008
FTTP3.6%
aDSL
31.0%
All Other
0.7%
Cable Modem
Mobile Wireless
52.2%
12.5%
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 12
5
Chart 9
Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008
(Shares of Selected Technologies)100
37.3
39.5
40.5
40.9
41.2
40.8
39.9
37.8
90
ns
t
i
o
ec
80
nn
o
C
70
ed
pe
-
S
5.5
60
60.9
i
gh
2.5
5.5
58.5
3.2
4.7
3.8
H
57.0
55.9
56.7
d
55.0
54.5
54.6
e
i
x
50
l
F
t
i
a
n
e
40
i
d
s
e
R
of
30
ge
t
a
en
20
r
c
Pe
100
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
2005
2006
2007
2008
aDSL
Cable Modem
All Other Fixed
Chart 10
Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections 2005-2008
(Net Adds for Selected Technologies)6,000
5,404
5,000
5,398
4,447
4,223
s
nd
4,000
3,707
sa
hou
T
n
s i
3,000
n
t
i
o
ec
nn
o
2,000
C
1,292
895
821
1,000
6
0
Dec 2005 to
Dec 2006 to
Dec 2007 to
Dec 2006
Dec 2007
Dec 2008
aDSL
Cable Modem
Al Other Fixed
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 13
6
Chart 11
Distribution of High-Speed Connections by Downstream Speed
Selected Technologies as of December 31, 2008
100%19.3
43.4
56.7
55.4
3.4
68.0
81.5
96.3
90%
80%
4.6
70.6
70%
60%
9.0
t
cen
er
50%
P
44.538.2
10.5
40%
27.8
19.2
30%
20%
17.1
12.8
10%
4.6
5.3
4.5
2.9
0%
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Greater than 200
At least 768 kbps
At least 1.5 mbps
At least 3 mbps
At least 6 mbps
At least 10 mbps
At least
kbps and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
25 mbps
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
aDSL
Cable Modem
FTTP
Mobile Wireless
Al Other
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 14
7
Table 5
Residential High-Speed Connections by Technology and Speed as of December 31, 2008
(Connections in thousands)At Most
Over
200 kbps
200 kbps
Upstream or
Upstream and
less than
at least
768 kbps
768 kbps
Technology
Downstream
Downstream
Total
aDSL
5,318
21,163
26,481
sDSL
37
37
74
Other Wireline
4
38
42
Cable Modem
1,327
38,461
39,788
FTTP
19
2,695
2,715
Satellite
560
70
630
Fixed Wireless
170
244
413
Mobile Wireless
9,465
6,353
15,818
Power Line and Other
1
3
5
Total
16,901
69,066
85,966
# = Rounds to Zero.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
Chart 12
Residential Broadband Connections (BTOP/BIP Definition) by Technology
as of December 31, 2008FTTP
aDSL
3.9%
30.6%
All Other
0.6%
Mobile W ireless
9.2%
Cable Modem
55.7%
Note: The BTOP/BIP broadband definition is advertised speeds of at least 768 kbps downstream and 200 kbps upstream to end users. See also p. 3 of the report text.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 15
8
Table 6
Total High-Speed Connections by Speed Tier as of December 31, 2008
(Connections in thousands)200 kbps or less Upstream
Over 200 kbps Upstream
Download
Download
Download Download
Download
Download
Download
at least
at least
at least 3
at least 6 at least 10
over 200
over 200
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
mbps
mbps
mbps
kbps and
Download
kbps and
and less
and less
and less
and less
and less
Download
less than
at least
less than
than
than
than
than
than
at least 25
Technology
768 kbps
768 kbps
Subtotal
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
mbps
Subtotal
Total
aDSL
1,174
2,455
3,628
2,080
5,969
9,252
8,357
769
135
#
26,562
30,190
sDSL
0
0
0
110
80
*
4
#
*
#
245
245
Other Wireline
0
0
0
110
88
392
62
22
16
22
711
711
Cable Modem
446
607
1,053
331
1,171
1,696
5,756
21,967
9,373
121
40,415
41,468
FTTP
5
1
6
19
40
79
697
37
1,970
34
2,876
2,881
Satellite
499
329
828
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
110
938
Fixed Wireless
70
22
92
101
109
123
45
9
9
1
397
488
Mobile Wireless
7,576
2,996
10,572
4,296
8,364
1,747
138
0
0
0
14,545
25,117
Power Line and Other
0
0
0
*
*
*
*
0
*
0
5
5
Total
9,769
6,409
16,178
7,052
15,839
13,428
15,060
22,804
11,503
178
85,865
102,043
Percentages
aDSL
3.9
8.1
12.0
6.9
19.8
30.6
27.7
2.5
0.4
0.0
88.0
100.0
sDSL
0.0
0.0
0.0
44.9
32.5
*
1.6
0.0
*
0.0
100.0
100.0
Other Wireline
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.5
12.3
55.1
8.7
3.1
2.2
3.1
100.0
100.0
Cable Modem
1.1
1.5
2.5
0.8
2.8
4.1
13.9
53.0
22.6
0.3
97.5
100.0
FTTP
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.7
1.4
2.7
24.2
1.3
68.4
1.2
99.8
100.0
Satellite
53.2
35.0
88.3
*
*
*
*
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.7
100.0
Fixed Wireless
14.2
4.5
18.7
20.8
22.3
25.2
9.2
1.9
1.8
0.2
81.3
100.0
Mobile Wireless
30.2
11.9
42.1
17.1
33.3
7.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
57.9
100.0
Power Line and Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
*
*
*
*
0.0
*
0.0
100.0
100.0
Total
9.6
6.3
15.9
6.9
15.5
13.2
14.8
22.3
11.3
0.2
84.1
100.0
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 16
9
Table 7
Residential High-Speed Connections by Speed Tier as of December 31, 2008
(Connections in thousands)200 kbps or less Upstream
Over 200 kbps Upstream
Download
Download
Download Download
Download
Download
Download
at least
at least
at least 3
at least 6 at least 10
over 200
over 200
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
mbps
mbps
mbps
kbps and
Download
kbps and
and less
and less
and less
and less
and less
Download
less than
at least
less than
than
than
than
than
than
at least 25
Technology
768 kbps
768 kbps
Subtotal
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
mbps
Subtotal
Total
aDSL
1,094
2,348
3,442
1,876
5,466
7,912
7,045
627
113
#
23,039
26,481
sDSL
0
0
0
37
22
*
1
#
*
0
74
74
Other Wireline
0
0
0
4
20
8
1
8
#
#
42
42
Cable Modem
415
595
1,010
317
1,111
1,553
5,353
21,355
9,020
70
38,779
39,788
FTTP
4
1
5
14
31
54
678
31
1,885
16
2,710
2,715
Satellite
354
203
557
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
73
630
Fixed Wireless
63
20
84
86
90
104
35
7
7
#
330
413
Mobile Wireless
4,709
1,828
6,537
2,928
5,079
1,156
119
0
0
0
9,281
15,818
Power Line and Other
0
0
0
*
*
*
*
0
*
0
5
5
Total
6,639
4,995
11,634
5,267
11,835
10,857
13,232
22,027
11,028
86
74,333
85,966
Percentages
aDSL
4.1
8.9
13.0
7.1
20.6
29.9
26.6
2.4
0.4
0.0
87.0
100.0
sDSL
0.0
0.0
0.0
49.6
29.6
*
1.2
0.0
*
0.0
100.0
100.0
Other Wireline
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
48.4
19.8
3.4
18.9
0.6
0.0
100.0
100.0
Cable Modem
1.0
1.5
2.5
0.8
2.8
3.9
13.5
53.7
22.7
0.2
97.5
100.0
FTTP
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.5
1.2
2.0
25.0
1.2
69.5
0.6
99.8
100.0
Satellite
56.1
32.2
88.3
*
*
*
*
0.0
0.0
0.0
11.7
100.0
Fixed Wireless
15.3
4.9
20.2
20.8
21.7
25.3
8.5
1.7
1.8
0.1
79.8
100.0
Mobile Wireless
29.8
11.6
41.3
18.5
32.1
7.3
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
58.7
100.0
Power Line and Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
*
*
*
*
0.0
*
0.0
100.0
100.0
Total
7.7
5.8
13.5
6.1
13.8
12.6
15.4
25.6
12.8
0.1
86.5
100.0
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 17
10
Chart 13
Distribution of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections
by Download Speed Tier as of December 31, 200840%
t
i
ons
c
e
31.4%
d Conn
30%
e
pe
S
gh-
Hi
d
e
x
20%
18.7%
l
Fi
i
a
nt
15.7%
i
de
s
13.9%
14.1%
e
R
of
ge
10%
a
nt
e
6.1%
r
c
e
P
0.1%
0%
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Greater than 200
At least 768 kbps
At least 1.5 mbps
At least 3 mbps
At least 6 mbps
At least 10 mbps
At least
kbps and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
25 mbps
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 18
11
Chart 14
Distribution of Residential High-Speed Connections
by Download Speed Tier as of December 31, 200840%
t
i
ons
c
Conne
d
e
e
p
S
30%
gh-
Hi
25.6%
l
e
bi
o
nd M
a
20%
d
e
17.4%
x
15.4%
l
Fi
14.8%
13.8%
t
i
a
n
12.8%
i
de
s
Re
10%
of
ge
t
a
n
e
r
c
e
P
0.1%
0%
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Greater than 200
At least 768 kbps
At least 1.5 mbps
At least 3 mbps
At least 6 mbps
At least 10 mbps
At least
kbps and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
25 mbps
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 19
12
Chart 15
Cumulative Distribution of Residential High-Speed Connections by Download Speed Tier
as of December 31, 2008100%
90%
80%
70%
t
n
60%
e
r
c
e
P
e
50%
t
i
v
l
a
u
m
Cu
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Greater than 200
At least 768 kbps
At least 1.5 mbps
At least 3 mbps
At least 6 mbps
At least 10 mbps
At least
kbps and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
and less than
25 mbps
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
Download Speed
All Technologies
Fixed Technologies
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 20
13
Table 8
Total High-Speed Connections and Percentage Residential by Speed Tier as of December 31, 2008
(Connections in thousands)Download Speed
Greater
At least
At least
At least 3
At least 6
At least
At least
than 200
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
mbps
mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
kbps and
and less
and less
and less
and less
and less
and less
Customer
less than
than
than
than
than
than
than
At least
Upload Speed
Class
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
100 mbps
100 mbps
Total
Less than or equal to 200 kbps
Total Connections
9,769
3,191
3,200
16
2
#
*
*
16,178
% Residential
68
97
60
41
59
60
0
0
72
Greater than 200 kbps and less than 768 kbps
Total Connections
7,046
7,577
8,782
9,050
7,515
1,465
*
*
41,436
% Residential
75
92
86
89
98
98
0
80
88
At least 768 and less then 1.5 mbps
Total Connections
3
8,262
4,098
4,954
14,469
*
1
*
34,978
% Residential
79
59
80
85
96
98
1
76
84
At least 1.5 mbps and less than 3 mbps
Total Connections
2
#
548
864
785
5,603
*
*
7,803
% Residential
71
54
10
94
96
95
52
0
89
At least 3 mbps and less than 6 mbps
Total Connections
*
*
1
184
3
1,101
115
*
1,405
% Residential
42
15
23
58
63
96
58
0
88
At least 6 mbps and less than 10 mbps
Total Connections
*
*
*
8
32
2
*
0
41
% Residential
0
0
100
0
46
83
0
0
39
At least 10 mbps and less than 25 mbps
Total Connections
0
0
*
*
*
151
3
*
155
% Residential
0
0
100
100
75
72
54
0
72
At least 25 mbps and less than 100 mbps
Total Connections
0
0
0
*
*
*
22
#
22
% Residential
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
4
At least 100 mbps
Total Connections
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
*
26
% Residential
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36
36
Total
Total Connections
16,822
19,030
16,628
15,075
22,806
11,504
143
35
102,043
% Residential
71
78
77
88
97
96
49
44
84
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 21
14
Table 9
Fixed High-Speed Connections and Percentage Residential by Speed Tier as of December 31, 2008
(Connections in thousands)Download Speed
Greater
At least
At least
At least 3
At least 6
At least
At least
than 200
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
mbps
mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
kbps and
and less
and less
and less
and less
and less
and less
Customer
less than
than
than
than
than
than
than
At least
Upload Speed
Class
768 kbps
1.5 mbps
3 mbps
6 mbps
10 mbps
25 mbps
100 mbps
100 mbps
Total
Less than or equal to 200 kbps
Total Connections
2,193
3,078
*
16
2
*
*
*
5,606
% Residential
88
96
60
41
59
60
0
0
91
Greater than 200 kbps and less than 768 kbps
Total Connections
2,750
6,553
8,435
*
7,515
1,465
*
*
35,769
% Residential
85
92
85
89
98
98
0
80
91
At least 768 and less then 1.5 mbps
Total Connections
3
922
*
4,954
14,469
3,182
1
*
26,238
% Residential
79
82
91
85
96
98
1
76
93
At least 1.5 mbps and less than 3 mbps
Total Connections
2
#
*
726
785
5,603
*
*
7,665
% Residential
71
54
10
95
96
95
52
0
89
At least 3 mbps and less than 6 mbps
Total Connections
*
*
1
184
3
1,101
115
*
1,405
% Residential
42
15
23
58
63
96
58
0
88
At least 6 mbps and less than 10 mbps
Total Connections
*
*
*
8
32
2
*
0
41
% Residential
0
0
100
0
46
83
0
0
39
At least 10 mbps and less than 25 mbps
Total Connections
0
0
*
*
*
151
3
*
155
% Residential
0
0
100
100
75
72
54
0
72
At least 25 mbps and less than 100 mbps
Total Connections
0
0
0
*
*
*
22
#
22
% Residential
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
4
At least 100 mbps
Total Connections
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
*
26
% Residential
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36
36
Total
Total Connections
4,950
10,553
11,998
14,937
22,806
11,504
143
35
76,926
% Residential
86
92
82
88
97
96
49
44
91
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 22
15
Table 10
Nationwide Number of Providers of High-Speed Connections by Technology 2005 - 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
Technology
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
aDSL
758
818
833
858
864
856
863
879
sDSL
270
269
256
257
242
233
238
262
Other Wireline
206
241
246
256
246
250
259
290
Cable Modem
227
242
254
279
282
292
296
341
FTTP
138
170
187
222
251
276
308
430
Satellite
10
4
5
5
5
5
4
5
Fixed Wireless
423
463
452
505
484
514
505
617
Mobile Wireless
13
15
19
24
19
22
24
46
Power Line and Other
18
7
6
6
6
7
6
5
Total
1,270
1,345
1,327
1,396
1,374
1,399
1,395
1,554
Note: Multiple Form 477 filers within a holding company structure count as one provider.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
Chart 16
Nationwide Number of Providers of High-Speed Connections
Selected Technologies 2005 - 2008
900800
700
r
s
e
600
i
d
r
ov
P
500
r
of
e
400
b
m
Nu
300
200
100
0
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
2005
2005
2006
2006
2007
2007
2008
2008
aDSL
Cable Modem
FTTP
Mobile W ireless
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 23
16
Chart 17
Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households
as of December 31, 200814%
Number of Counties
3,232
Median
0.44
388
12%
380
372
10%
310
314
s
t
i
e
un
261
8%
251
of Co
ge
ta
n 6%
185
e
172
r
c
e
P
150
4%
100
83
62
2%
57
48
31
20
24
12
12
0%
0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
>=1
Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households
Note: Ratios over 1 were set to 1. See Technical Notes at the end of the report.Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates; and Census 2000.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 24
17
Table 11
Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households
by Technology as of December 31, 2008Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households
Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater
Greater
than 5
than 10 than 20 than 30 than 40 than 50 than 60 than 75
than 0
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
more
more
more
more
more
more
more
more
more
than
than
than
than
than
than
than
than
100% or
Technology
Zero
than 5%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
75%
100%
more
aDSL
0.7
2.1
7.0
34.4
33.3
16.0
4.9
1.1
0.4
0.1
0.0
sDSL
85.0
13.8
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other Wireline
95.4
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable Modem
15.8
12.7
12.2
20.3
16.8
10.6
6.5
3.0
1.6
0.4
0.1
FTTP
76.5
18.0
2.4
1.6
0.9
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Satellite
1.0
95.1
3.6
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fixed Wireless
52.7
39.4
5.2
2.1
0.5
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Power Line
99.4
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Other
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total
0.2
0.2
1.0
4.9
13.5
21.6
23.3
17.8
12.5
4.6
0.6
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. See Technical Notes at the end of the report.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates; and Census 2000.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 25
18
Chart 18
Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households
as of December 31, 20087
Number of Tracts
66,287
Median
0.55
6
5
t
s
c
ra
T 4
of
ge
a
nt
e 3
rc
e
P
2
1
0
0
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
1.90
>=2
Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households
Note: Ratios over 2 were set to 2. See Technical Notes at the end of the report.Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates; and Census 2000.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 26
19
Table 12
Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households
by Technology as of December 31, 2008Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households
Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater Greater
Greater
than 5
than 10 than 20 than 30 than 40 than 50 than 60 than 75
than 0
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
and no
more
more
more
more
more
more
more
more
more
than
than
than
than
than
than
than
than
100% or
Technology
Zero
than 5%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
75%
100%
more
aDSL
4.3
10.1
10.5
27.4
21.0
13.2
6.6
3.2
1.9
1.1
0.8
sDSL
96.0
3.7
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other Wireline
99.2
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable Modem
8.6
4.9
5.5
15.0
16.1
15.1
12.7
8.7
7.2
4.0
2.2
FTTP
86.7
5.1
1.6
2.3
1.6
1.2
0.7
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
Satellite
45.2
51.9
2.3
0.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fixed Wireless
87.3
10.4
1.2
0.8
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Power Line
99.8
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Other
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total
1.1
1.0
1.2
5.3
9.3
12.6
13.4
12.9
16.1
16.9
10.2
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. See Technical Notes at the end of the report.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates; and Census 2000.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 27
Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections per 1,000 Households
by Census TractFCC Form 477 Data as of December 31, 2008
Symbology
Connections per 1000 Households
ZeroZero < x <= 200
200 < x <= 400
400 < x <= 600
600 < x <= 800
800 < x
A l a s k a
This map shows the number of residential connections per 1,000 households
by census tract. Connections have information transfer rates greater than 200
kbps in at least one direction and include al technologies except terrestrial mobile
wireless.
The census tract boundaries are from ESRI. Household counts for tracts in the
U.S. are 2009 estimates from Geolytics. Household counts for the territories are
from Census 2000. For more information about census tracts please see Census 2000
Summary File 3 Technical Documentation, page A-11.
P u e r t o R i c o
H a w a i i
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 28
Residential Fixed Connections per 1,000 Households
by Census Tract (BTOP/BIP Broadband Definition)FCC Form 477 Data as of December 31, 2008
Symbology
Connections per 1000 Households
ZeroZero < x <= 200
200 < x <= 400
400 < x <= 600
600 < x <= 800
800 < x
A l a s k a
This map shows the number of residential connections per 1,000
households by census tract. Connections have information transfer
rates greater than 200 kbps upstream and at least 768 kbps
downstream. All technologies except terrestrial mobile wireless are
included.
The census tract boundaries are from ESRI. Household counts
for tracts in the U.S. are 2009 estimates from Geolytics. Household
counts for the territories are from Census 2000. For more information
about census tracts please see Census 2000 Summary File 3
Technical Documentation, page A-11.
P u e r t o R i c o
H a w a i i
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 29
Providers of Fixed High-Speed Connections by Census Tract
FCC Form 477 Data as of December 31, 2008Symbology
Provider Count (exc. Mobile Wireless)
Zero1 to 3
4 to 6
7 or more
A l a s k a
This map shows the number of providers of fixed high-speed
connections by census tract. Connections have information
transfer rates greater than 200 kbps in at least one direction and
include al technologies except terrestrial mobile wireless.
The census tract boundaries are from ESRI. Household counts
for tracts are 2009 estimates from Geolytics. For more information
about census tracts please see Census 2000 Summary File 3
Technical Documentation, page A-11.
P u e r t o R i c o
H a w a i i
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 30
Providers of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections by Census Tract
FCC Form 477 Data as of December 31, 2008Symbology
Provider Count (exc. Mobile Wireless)
Zero1 to 3
4 to 6
7 or more
A l a s k a
This map shows the number of providers of fixed high-speed
connections by census tract. A provider is counted only if it
reported residential connections in the tract. Connections have
information transfer rates greater than 200 kbps in at least one
direction and include al technologies except terrestrial mobile
wireless.
The census tract boundaries are from ESRI. Household counts
for tracts are 2009 estimates from Geolytics. For more information
about census tracts please see Census 2000 Summary File 3
Technical Documentation, page A-11.
P u e r t o R i c o
H a w a i i
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 31
Providers of Mobile High-Speed Connections by Census Tract
FCC Form 477 Data as of December 31, 2008Symbology
Providers (Mobile Wireless)
Zero1 to 3
4 to 6
7 or more
A l a s k a
This map shows the number of potential providers of mobile
high-speed connections by census tract. Providers are counted
if they indicated that mobile high-speed service is available in a
tract. Mobile high-speed service has information transfer rates
greater than 200 kbps in at least one direction.
The census tract boundaries are from ESRI. Household counts
for tracts are 2009 estimates from Geolytics. For more information
about census tracts please see Census 2000 Summary File 3
Technical Documentation, page A-11.
P u e r t o R i c o
H a w a i i
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 32
20
Table 13
Percentage of Census Tracts with Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections by Technology as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Number of Providers
Seven or
Technology
Zero
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
More
aDSL
4.3
40.7
38.4
13.4
2.7
0.4
0.1
0.0
sDSL
96.0
3.8
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other Wireline
99.2
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable Modem
8.6
79.3
11.6
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FTTP
86.7
13.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Satellite
45.2
24.6
24.5
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fixed Wireless
87.3
10.2
2.0
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
Power Line
99.8
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
aDSL and/or Cable Modem and/or FTTP
1.5
6.6
34.7
35.7
16.2
4.3
0.8
0.2
Any Technology
1.1
2.6
15.1
25.7
26.1
16.7
7.9
4.8
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI and Census 2000.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 33
21
Table 14
High-Speed Connections by Technology by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)Other
Cable
Fixed
Mobile
Power Line
State
ADSL
SDSL
Wireline
Modem
Fiber
Satellite
Wireless
Wireless
and Other
Total
Alabama
457
4
9
460
3
*
1
281
*
1,235
Alaska
75
4
#
*
#
*
4
43
0
224
American Samoa
*
*
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
*
Arizona
466
2
*
987
2
*
20
522
0
2,033
Arkansas
273
#
*
248
1
*
1
178
0
723
California
4,617
22
*
3,994
315
*
23
3,494
0
12,649
Colorado
624
2
*
659
3
*
28
461
0
1,816
Connecticut
*
2
5
615
2
*
*
338
0
1,402
Delaware
*
#
4
*
*
*
0
77
0
330
District of Columbia
*
2
4
*
1
*
*
181
0
375
Florida
2,005
5
*
2,825
247
*
5
1,542
0
6,729
Georgia
1,242
2
*
973
16
*
#
773
0
3,065
Guam
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
*
0
25
Hawaii
*
*
1
*
1
*
*
146
0
498
Idaho
160
1
*
121
1
*
21
133
0
448
Illinois
1,503
9
*
1,591
5
*
37
1,057
0
4,265
Indiana
672
4
9
626
55
*
24
384
*
1,796
Iowa
336
3
*
330
9
*
25
115
0
837
Kansas
243
1
*
425
13
*
16
207
0
924
Kentucky
421
7
*
452
4
*
3
246
0
1,154
Louisiana
385
1
*
518
19
*
2
395
0
1,346
Maine
114
4
1
288
1
*
*
40
0
454
Maryland
471
7
24
799
*
*
#
595
0
2,193
Massachusetts
*
3
17
1,307
*
*
1
566
0
2,600
Michigan
779
8
16
1,411
4
*
17
606
*
2,881
Minnesota
544
30
*
666
14
*
20
357
0
1,662
Mississippi
229
#
*
216
1
*
#
142
0
614
Missouri
727
1
13
553
4
*
12
364
*
1,711
Montana
108
3
1
92
1
*
13
*
0
320
Nebraska
151
1
*
278
2
*
16
152
0
607
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 34
22
Table 14 - Continued
High-Speed Connections by Technology by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)Power
Other
Cable
Fixed
Mobile
Line
State
ADSL
SDSL
Wireline
Modem
Fiber
Satellite
Wireless
Wireless
and Other
Total
Nevada
222
1
8
*
1
*
7
257
0
918
New Hampshire
91
2
3
298
*
*
#
85
0
499
New Jersey
666
4
26
1,637
*
*
*
903
0
3,517
New Mexico
231
#
*
146
1
*
15
141
0
546
New York
1,122
17
38
4,139
*
*
3
1,708
0
7,405
North Carolina
891
1
*
1,551
5
*
1
701
0
3,203
North Dakota
62
1
*
85
10
*
5
41
0
206
Northern Mariana Isl
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
*
0
*
Ohio
1,069
9
15
1,943
6
*
20
816
*
3,910
Oklahoma
337
1
*
408
4
*
8
239
0
1,022
Oregon
371
11
*
516
54
*
7
267
0
1,252
Pennsylvania
1,232
12
23
1,807
*
*
1
871
0
4,225
Puerto Rico
*
*
3
*
#
*
*
126
0
464
Rhode Island
*
1
2
*
*
*
*
81
0
378
South Carolina
400
#
10
752
14
*
*
313
0
1,501
South Dakota
54
3
#
122
9
*
7
*
0
246
Tennessee
542
1
*
717
28
*
2
452
0
1,784
Texas
2,607
9
*
2,081
258
*
37
2,349
0
7,484
Utah
299
4
6
*
5
*
30
189
0
762
Vermont
61
*
1
71
*
*
*
*
0
168
Virgin Islands
*
*
*
0
0
*
*
*
0
21
Virginia
553
3
30
1,096
252
*
9
901
*
2,887
Washington
599
7
16
980
37
*
11
682
*
2,357
West Virginia
152
*
3
205
#
*
1
80
0
452
Wisconsin
556
16
5
810
5
*
15
306
*
1,739
Wyoming
57
2
*
64
#
*
3
43
0
175
Total
30,190
245
711
41,468
2,881
938
488
25,117
5
102,043
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 35
23
Table 15
Percentage of High-Speed Connections by Download Speed by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Over 200 kbps Upstream and
% Over 200 kbps
% at least 768 kbps
% at least 3 mbps
% at least 6 mbps
% at least 10 mbps
State
Downstream
Downstream
Downstream
Downstream
Downstream
Alabama
82.3
76.1
44.3
17.9
4.3
Alaska
76.0
58.9
*
*
*
American Samoa
*
*
*
*
*
Arizona
85.3
76.3
43.2
37.6
13.5
Arkansas
82.7
76.6
*
*
*
California
86.2
78.3
40.5
19.7
3.9
Colorado
87.8
77.5
44.5
39.0
1.5
Connecticut
87.9
80.8
46.5
37.5
*
Delaware
82.5
75.6
*
*
*
District of Columbia
62.6
55.7
39.6
22.6
5.0
Florida
86.0
82.2
51.8
40.3
8.6
Georgia
81.8
76.7
43.8
23.7
1.8
Guam
*
*
*
*
*
Hawaii
92.5
88.3
60.5
*
*
Idaho
81.6
72.4
35.1
*
*
Illinois
87.9
79.6
43.0
31.9
7.5
Indiana
84.3
76.2
45.8
32.6
13.9
Iowa
87.0
74.6
46.5
*
*
Kansas
83.3
77.0
42.8
33.7
3.8
Kentucky
88.5
76.7
49.3
31.2
26.2
Louisiana
85.3
81.7
39.0
*
*
Maine
86.0
82.9
69.4
57.6
4.0
Maryland
78.3
72.1
59.0
40.2
11.7
Massachusetts
81.5
76.4
65.2
46.9
11.0
Michigan
85.6
78.8
48.3
32.6
*
Minnesota
85.9
77.3
45.1
31.1
3.9
Mississippi
85.4
76.2
*
*
*
Missouri
85.4
77.4
36.6
16.8
5.2
Montana
72.9
57.9
31.7
*
*
Nebraska
81.5
71.1
45.2
*
*
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 36
24
Table 15 - Continued
Percentage of High-Speed Connections by Download Speed by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Over 200 kbps Upstream and
% Over 200 kbps
% at least 768 kbps
% at least 3 mbps
% at least 6 mbps
% at least 10 mbps
State
Downstream
Downstream
Downstream
Downstream
Downstream
Nevada
88.8
83.0
44.3
30.4
6.6
New Hampshire
81.1
75.7
66.8
54.6
3.7
New Jersey
80.9
75.6
64.0
53.4
35.1
New Mexico
81.1
70.3
*
*
*
New York
83.1
79.1
65.5
56.4
55.6
North Carolina
81.0
76.6
53.1
38.0
4.1
North Dakota
85.0
75.3
*
*
*
Northern Mariana Isl
*
*
*
*
*
Ohio
80.7
74.0
48.8
37.2
4.5
Oklahoma
90.2
84.8
40.2
28.0
3.0
Oregon
87.3
79.4
51.1
39.2
5.3
Pennsylvania
79.9
73.5
57.1
37.5
8.9
Puerto Rico
94.5
69.6
*
*
*
Rhode Island
85.5
80.9
*
*
*
South Carolina
80.2
75.9
54.9
33.1
3.5
South Dakota
81.0
72.6
*
*
*
Tennessee
81.2
73.5
46.6
29.0
2.9
Texas
86.3
78.1
37.6
24.3
5.2
Utah
88.6
78.5
39.5
33.2
2.9
Vermont
74.0
68.9
*
*
*
Virgin Islands
55.9
13.6
0.1
0.1
0.0
Virginia
78.8
69.5
52.6
38.0
21.5
Washington
85.7
78.5
48.0
40.6
4.8
West Virginia
83.5
75.8
*
*
*
Wisconsin
87.8
81.2
50.3
27.8
6.4
Wyoming
82.9
68.2
*
*
*
Total
84.1
77.2
48.6
33.8
11.4
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 37
25
Table 16
ADSL High-Speed Connections by State 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
State
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Alabama
177
221
269
315
357
403
431
457
Alaska
39
43
54
60
64
68
72
75
American Samoa
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Arizona
153
208
276
365
406
437
454
466
Arkansas
127
150
181
200
227
249
267
273
California
3,079
3,592
4,002
4,343
4,626
4,780
4,755
4,617
Colorado
268
333
405
473
530
573
575
624
Connecticut
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Delaware
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
District of Columbia
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Florida
1,285
1,509
1,723
1,873
1,960
2,046
2,045
2,005
Georgia
758
890
1,009
1,126
1,219
1,307
1,361
1,242
Guam
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Hawaii
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Idaho
63
82
98
113
129
142
154
160
Illinois
848
980
1,094
1,212
1,300
1,382
1,419
1,503
Indiana
305
379
443
515
584
636
651
672
Iowa
119
151
189
233
271
298
322
336
Kansas
136
160
179
203
225
236
241
243
Kentucky
180
213
251
303
340
367
385
421
Louisiana
191
207
236
271
306
333
354
385
Maine
52
73
90
105
115
118
120
114
Maryland
306
379
450
490
512
514
495
471
Massachusetts
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Michigan
375
463
534
607
690
733
749
779
Minnesota
228
276
331
395
449
496
529
544
Mississippi
88
106
129
154
180
202
220
229
Missouri
342
399
468
546
618
683
712
727
Montana
47
57
70
83
96
102
108
108
Nebraska
66
81
95
112
124
135
143
151
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 38
26
Table 16 - Continued
ADSL High-Speed Connections by State 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
State
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Nevada
116
140
168
190
207
220
225
222
New Hampshire
54
72
85
94
98
100
97
91
New Jersey
444
540
638
704
735
735
700
666
New Mexico
82
105
131
157
180
200
217
231
New York
737
861
1,003
1,104
1,182
1,184
1,169
1,122
North Carolina
413
489
561
648
725
820
870
891
North Dakota
27
32
39
46
51
56
60
62
Northern Mariana Isl
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Ohio
556
663
753
859
951
1,024
1,034
1,069
Oklahoma
189
222
247
277
302
324
334
337
Oregon
198
245
280
312
339
356
361
371
Pennsylvania
541
692
871
1,013
1,126
1,191
1,209
1,232
Puerto Rico
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Rhode Island
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
South Carolina
155
206
243
285
323
359
386
400
South Dakota
21
26
33
40
46
48
53
54
Tennessee
237
294
348
397
447
499
535
542
Texas
1,301
1,514
1,733
1,997
2,294
2,464
2,475
2,607
Utah
130
160
189
222
250
270
284
299
Vermont
35
44
51
61
68
72
73
61
Virgin Islands
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Virginia
309
384
446
505
548
568
561
553
Washington
364
427
491
534
569
592
600
599
West Virginia
53
69
87
105
124
138
147
152
Wisconsin
243
298
360
418
484
528
556
556
Wyoming
24
33
39
44
50
53
55
57
Total
16,316
19,515
22,584
25,413
27,793
29,449
29,964
30,190
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 39
27
Table 17
Cable Modem High-Speed Connections by State 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
State
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Alabama
257
285
311
342
374
399
417
460
Alaska
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
American Samoa
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Arizona
584
679
761
838
850
897
992
987
Arkansas
118
137
149
184
205
214
236
248
California
2,467
2,735
2,957
3,156
3,411
3,603
3,799
3,994
Colorado
383
433
476
523
561
604
626
659
Connecticut
372
404
441
454
513
550
576
615
Delaware
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
District of Columbia
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Florida
1,560
1,758
1,939
2,178
2,344
2,543
2,631
2,825
Georgia
523
584
650
743
802
862
904
973
Guam
0
0
0
0
0
*
*
*
Hawaii
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Idaho
78
74
75
109
116
123
127
121
Illinois
842
956
1,042
1,332
1,466
1,570
1,625
1,591
Indiana
397
445
490
370
410
439
456
626
Iowa
187
220
225
234
268
287
309
330
Kansas
259
273
317
321
351
369
380
425
Kentucky
217
269
306
333
384
435
482
452
Louisiana
329
255
379
420
446
485
481
518
Maine
116
132
146
152
169
179
197
288
Maryland
547
592
637
781
829
865
871
799
Massachusetts
826
886
955
1,044
1,088
1,136
1,159
1,307
Michigan
892
954
1,019
1,103
1,197
1,265
1,307
1,411
Minnesota
441
494
517
541
571
608
622
666
Mississippi
96
104
114
136
152
166
188
216
Missouri
323
353
401
444
473
498
517
553
Montana
36
45
54
65
74
83
90
92
Nebraska
177
201
218
239
238
252
262
278
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 40
28
Table 17 - Continued
Cable Modem High-Speed Connections by State 2005-2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)2005
2006
2007
2008
State
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Jun
Dec
Nevada
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
New Hampshire
176
188
202
210
230
240
250
298
New Jersey
1,108
1,205
1,312
1,386
1,474
1,538
1,586
1,637
New Mexico
78
89
100
109
117
127
137
146
New York
2,216
2,445
2,765
2,967
3,164
3,342
3,548
4,139
North Carolina
762
862
964
1,041
1,134
1,196
1,266
1,551
North Dakota
51
55
58
71
76
80
83
85
Northern Mariana Isl
0
0
0
0
0
*
*
*
Ohio
961
1,065
1,185
1,303
1,406
1,498
1,627
1,943
Oklahoma
234
262
284
313
348
373
382
408
Oregon
336
375
407
453
490
531
554
516
Pennsylvania
962
1,075
1,164
1,256
1,271
1,399
1,492
1,807
Puerto Rico
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Rhode Island
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
South Carolina
290
326
368
418
459
496
517
752
South Dakota
84
89
93
100
101
111
115
122
Tennessee
422
460
506
602
663
703
715
717
Texas
1,468
1,618
1,692
1,944
2,082
2,183
2,214
2,081
Utah
*
*
*
*
*
*
212
*
Vermont
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
71
Virgin Islands
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Virginia
749
817
893
877
906
921
941
1,096
Washington
585
660
726
806
862
909
944
980
West Virginia
118
128
145
145
156
159
167
205
Wisconsin
447
497
543
592
637
676
711
810
Wyoming
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
64
Total
24,017
26,558
29,173
31,982
34,404
36,507
38,190
41,468
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 41
29
Table 18
High-Speed Connections by Type of End User by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction, in thousands)Connections
Percentages
State
Residential
Business
Residential
Business
Total
Alabama
1,044
191
84.5
15.5
1,235
Alaska
191
33
85.4
14.6
224
American Samoa
*
*
*
*
*
Arizona
1,737
296
85.5
14.5
2,033
Arkansas
603
120
83.4
16.6
723
California
10,538
2,111
83.3
16.7
12,649
Colorado
1,514
302
83.4
16.6
1,816
Connecticut
1,176
226
83.9
16.1
1,402
Delaware
273
57
82.7
17.3
330
District of Columbia
231
144
61.6
38.4
375
Florida
5,684
1,045
84.5
15.5
6,729
Georgia
2,541
525
82.9
17.1
3,065
Guam
22
3
89.0
11.0
25
Hawaii
421
77
84.6
15.4
498
Idaho
381
67
85.1
14.9
448
Illinois
3,601
664
84.4
15.6
4,265
Indiana
1,534
262
85.4
14.6
1,796
Iowa
730
108
87.2
12.8
837
Kansas
790
134
85.5
14.5
924
Kentucky
996
158
86.3
13.7
1,154
Louisiana
1,114
232
82.8
17.2
1,346
Maine
415
39
91.5
8.5
454
Maryland
1,851
343
84.4
15.6
2,193
Massachusetts
2,240
360
86.1
13.9
2,600
Michigan
2,455
427
85.2
14.8
2,881
Minnesota
1,407
255
84.6
15.4
1,662
Mississippi
518
96
84.4
15.6
614
Missouri
1,443
268
84.3
15.7
1,711
Montana
279
42
87.0
13.0
320
Nebraska
522
85
86.0
14.0
607
Nevada
780
138
84.9
15.1
918
New Hampshire
447
52
89.5
10.5
499
New Jersey
2,946
572
83.7
16.3
3,517
New Mexico
468
77
85.8
14.2
546
New York
6,382
1,023
86.2
13.8
7,405
North Carolina
2,733
470
85.3
14.7
3,203
North Dakota
175
31
84.8
15.2
206
Northern Mariana Isl
*
*
*
*
*
Ohio
3,336
574
85.3
14.7
3,910
Oklahoma
860
163
84.1
15.9
1,022
Oregon
1,060
191
84.7
15.3
1,252
Pennsylvania
3,578
646
84.7
15.3
4,225
Puerto Rico
404
61
86.9
13.1
464
Rhode Island
320
58
84.6
15.4
378
South Carolina
1,300
201
86.6
13.4
1,501
South Dakota
214
32
87.0
13.0
246
Tennessee
1,472
313
82.5
17.5
1,784
Texas
6,159
1,325
82.3
17.7
7,484
Utah
626
136
82.2
17.8
762
Vermont
151
17
89.8
10.2
168
Virgin Islands
19
2
91.1
8.9
21
Virginia
2,399
488
83.1
16.9
2,887
Washington
1,933
424
82.0
18.0
2,357
West Virginia
396
56
87.7
12.3
452
Wisconsin
1,517
222
87.2
12.8
1,739
Wyoming
150
25
85.7
14.3
175
Total
86,078
15,965
84.4
15.6
102,043
# = Rounds to Zero.
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I and VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 42
30
Table 19
Percentage of Residential End-User Premises with Access to High-Speed Services by State
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)xDSL Availability Where ILECs
Cable Modem Availability Where Cable
State
Offer Local Telephone Service
Systems Offer Cable TV Service
Alabama
80
92
Alaska
79
*
American Samoa
*
0
Arizona
86
93
Arkansas
78
72
California
89
98
Colorado
89
96
Connecticut
*
100
Delaware
*
*
District of Columbia
*
*
Florida
92
97
Georgia
96
90
Guam
*
*
Hawaii
*
*
Idaho
80
99
Illinois
86
97
Indiana
81
94
Iowa
87
91
Kansas
84
95
Kentucky
86
93
Louisiana
84
97
Maine
73
96
Maryland
76
95
Massachusetts
*
100
Michigan
74
91
Minnesota
88
97
Mississippi
76
91
Missouri
81
95
Montana
80
80
Nebraska
87
94
Nevada
90
*
New Hampshire
63
98
New Jersey
88
100
New Mexico
87
80
New York
79
99
North Carolina
89
96
North Dakota
87
92
Northern Mariana Isl
*
*
Ohio
85
98
Oklahoma
80
89
Oregon
83
96
Pennsylvania
85
98
Puerto Rico
*
*
Rhode Island
*
*
South Carolina
85
93
South Dakota
83
87
Tennessee
84
98
Texas
81
96
Utah
90
*
Vermont
72
91
Virgin Islands
*
0
Virginia
69
96
Washington
84
95
West Virginia
66
88
Wisconsin
83
96
Wyoming
78
85
Total
84
96
* = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Note: This table summarizes responses to Form 477 questions about service availability, as opposed to subscribership. xDSL includes both asymmetric
and symmetric DSL. Each state-specific estimate is a weighted average of the availability percentages that ILECs or cable system operators report
for the areas they serve. Reported xDSL availability is weighted by ILEC end-user switched access lines and VoIP lines. Reported cable modem
availability is weighted by cable TV subscribers. The weighted averages include ILECs or cable system operators that report no availability.
Figures are presented to the nearest percent.
Source: FCC Form 477, Parts I and II; Warren Communications News, Inc., Television & Cable Factbook: Online (Cable General Information, June 2007).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 43
31
Table 20
Providers of High-Speed Connections by Technology by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Other
Cable
Fixed
Mobile
Power Line
State
ADSL
SDSL
Wireline
Modem
Fiber
Satellite
Wireless
Wireless
and Other
Total
Alabama
28
11
23
21
16
*
12
7
*
78
Alaska
12
5
6
*
5
*
7
5
0
21
American Samoa
*
*
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
*
Arizona
22
7
21
10
18
*
15
7
0
66
Arkansas
21
9
13
15
8
*
8
6
0
57
California
29
19
37
17
19
*
27
9
0
95
Colorado
34
13
28
15
19
*
29
9
0
88
Connecticut
8
8
21
6
10
*
*
4
0
36
Delaware
8
8
21
*
5
*
0
4
0
32
District of Columbia
12
10
23
*
9
*
*
4
0
35
Florida
27
17
47
19
31
*
13
6
0
93
Georgia
40
15
30
33
36
*
10
6
0
103
Guam
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
*
0
6
Hawaii
*
*
7
*
7
*
*
6
0
18
Idaho
25
11
19
9
15
*
17
8
0
62
Illinois
59
27
38
20
16
*
46
9
0
132
Indiana
40
16
30
14
25
*
39
6
*
105
Iowa
125
41
29
38
42
*
65
6
0
197
Kansas
42
14
23
30
32
*
28
10
0
96
Kentucky
28
10
23
23
17
*
16
8
0
87
Louisiana
20
9
20
14
14
*
7
5
0
57
Maine
13
10
15
6
8
*
*
4
0
34
Maryland
17
12
26
11
9
*
4
5
0
52
Massachusetts
14
10
26
7
11
*
6
4
0
47
Michigan
42
19
34
12
17
*
25
8
*
94
Minnesota
65
24
26
18
38
*
23
6
0
108
Mississippi
21
6
19
15
7
*
6
7
0
59
Missouri
40
16
25
20
18
*
32
6
*
99
Montana
21
9
13
4
8
*
13
*
0
44
Nebraska
36
10
15
17
15
*
25
5
0
73
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 44
32
Table 20 - Continued
Providers of High-Speed Connections by Technology by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Other
Cable
Fixed
Mobile
Power Line
State
ADSL
SDSL
Wireline
Modem
Fiber
Satellite
Wireless
Wireless
and Other
Total
Nevada
20
10
20
5
10
*
9
7
0
50
New Hampshire
14
7
17
5
10
*
4
4
0
39
New Jersey
17
13
41
6
13
*
*
4
0
55
New Mexico
23
8
15
8
8
*
14
9
0
51
New York
42
18
43
20
21
4
12
6
0
97
North Carolina
29
13
32
16
17
*
7
8
0
77
North Dakota
25
12
12
7
11
*
12
4
0
42
Northern Mariana Isl
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
*
0
*
Ohio
41
22
33
24
25
*
22
8
*
104
Oklahoma
41
8
23
13
14
*
15
12
0
84
Oregon
43
13
26
15
22
*
13
6
0
78
Pennsylvania
37
19
39
24
21
4
11
6
0
87
Puerto Rico
*
*
7
*
4
*
*
6
0
15
Rhode Island
7
6
14
*
5
*
*
4
0
24
South Carolina
22
5
23
16
11
*
*
6
0
52
South Dakota
27
10
15
8
14
*
16
*
0
53
Tennessee
29
13
29
16
15
*
12
8
0
84
Texas
68
25
52
28
36
*
52
13
0
161
Utah
15
10
18
*
12
*
11
8
0
50
Vermont
11
4
13
4
4
*
*
*
0
31
Virgin Islands
*
*
*
0
0
*
*
*
0
8
Virginia
28
17
35
16
20
*
14
7
*
79
Washington
28
12
29
18
23
*
24
7
*
81
West Virginia
10
*
14
10
7
*
5
6
0
37
Wisconsin
46
14
22
14
16
*
22
9
*
89
Wyoming
13
7
9
4
4
*
7
8
0
37
Total
879
262
290
341
430
5
617
46
5
1,554
* Indicates one to three providers.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part I.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 45
33
Table 21
Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections and Households by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction and Households, in thousands)Subscribership
State
Connections
Households
Ratio
Alabama
861
1,821
0.47
Alaska
155
248
0.62
American Samoa
*
9
*
Arizona
1,403
2,436
0.58
Arkansas
487
1,119
0.44
California
8,311
12,646
0.66
Colorado
1,230
1,886
0.65
Connecticut
973
1,362
0.71
Delaware
236
337
0.70
District of Columbia
170
263
0.65
Florida
4,697
7,436
0.63
Georgia
2,062
3,628
0.57
Guam
*
39
*
Hawaii
*
450
*
Idaho
283
562
0.50
Illinois
2,943
4,775
0.62
Indiana
1,299
2,457
0.53
Iowa
654
1,180
0.55
Kansas
648
1,077
0.60
Kentucky
829
1,687
0.49
Louisiana
851
1,609
0.53
Maine
392
540
0.73
Maryland
1,461
2,140
0.68
Massachusetts
1,892
2,493
0.76
Michigan
2,081
3,869
0.54
Minnesota
1,188
2,011
0.59
Mississippi
418
1,076
0.39
Missouri
1,220
2,323
0.53
Montana
192
385
0.50
Nebraska
411
698
0.59
Nevada
603
1,015
0.59
New Hampshire
389
514
0.76
New Jersey
2,408
3,202
0.75
New Mexico
365
748
0.49
New York
5,260
7,297
0.72
North Carolina
2,277
3,617
0.63
North Dakota
146
255
0.57
Northern Mariana Isl
*
14
*
Ohio
2,844
4,495
0.63
Oklahoma
701
1,423
0.49
Oregon
890
1,489
0.60
Pennsylvania
3,113
4,831
0.64
Puerto Rico
301
1,262
0.24
Rhode Island
274
418
0.66
South Carolina
1,084
1,721
0.63
South Dakota
176
310
0.57
Tennessee
1,197
2,455
0.49
Texas
4,655
8,730
0.53
Utah
518
858
0.60
Vermont
135
247
0.55
Virgin Islands
14
41
0.34
Virginia
1,824
3,003
0.61
Washington
1,533
2,533
0.61
West Virginia
343
737
0.47
Wisconsin
1,310
2,200
0.60
Wyoming
112
206
0.54
Total
70,148
116,181
0.60
# = Rounds to Zero; * = Data withheld to maintain firm confidentiality.
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI (Connections); Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households for U.S. and District of Columbia);
Census 2000 (Households for Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands and U.S. Virgin Islands).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 46
34
Table 22
Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
than 0 and
than 5 and than 10 and than 20 and than 30 and than 40 and than 50 and than 60 and than 75 and
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
100% or
State
Counties
Zero
than 5%
than 10%
than 20%
than 30%
than 40%
than 50%
than 60%
than 75%
than 100%
more
Alabama
67
0
0
1
4
23
17
10
7
5
0
0
Alaska
27
0
0
2
7
3
3
2
4
6
0
0
American Samoa
5
3
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Arizona
15
0
0
0
1
2
2
4
3
3
0
0
Arkansas
75
0
0
0
4
25
28
12
6
0
0
0
California
58
0
1
0
0
1
12
9
12
16
7
0
Colorado
64
0
0
0
0
8
11
12
15
9
7
2
Connecticut
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
5
0
Delaware
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
District of Columbia
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
Florida
67
0
0
0
0
9
10
7
10
28
3
0
Georgia
159
0
0
1
8
16
44
35
29
23
3
0
Guam
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Hawaii
5
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
Idaho
44
0
0
2
2
5
10
11
11
2
1
0
Illinois
102
0
1
1
0
11
22
24
23
14
6
0
Indiana
92
0
0
0
0
7
30
35
10
9
1
0
Iowa
99
0
0
0
0
2
11
47
31
7
1
0
Kansas
105
0
0
0
0
4
17
42
28
12
2
0
Kentucky
120
0
0
0
6
21
43
27
11
12
0
0
Louisiana
64
0
0
0
2
12
16
10
17
5
1
1
Maine
16
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
4
6
3
0
Maryland
24
0
0
0
1
0
2
3
3
10
5
0
Massachusetts
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
4
3
Michigan
83
0
0
1
7
12
17
25
13
8
0
0
Minnesota
87
0
0
0
0
2
13
34
25
12
1
0
Mississippi
82
0
0
0
21
34
13
6
4
4
0
0
Missouri
115
0
0
2
9
25
37
22
13
4
3
0
Montana
56
0
0
0
1
7
15
18
13
2
0
0
Nebraska
93
0
0
0
1
4
25
36
21
5
1
0
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 47
35
Table 22 - Continued
Distribution of Counties by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to County Households
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
than 0 and
than 5 and than 10 and than 20 and than 30 and than 40 and than 50 and than 60 and than 75 and
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
100% or
State
Counties
Zero
than 5%
than 10%
than 20%
than 30%
than 40%
than 50%
than 60%
than 75%
than 100%
more
Nevada
17
0
0
0
0
4
6
1
3
3
0
0
New Hampshire
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
4
0
New Jersey
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
6
11
1
New Mexico
33
0
0
0
1
9
8
7
7
1
0
0
New York
62
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
8
22
20
7
North Carolina
100
0
0
0
0
9
23
19
26
15
8
0
North Dakota
53
0
1
0
5
4
8
14
10
10
1
0
Northern Mariana Isl
4
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Ohio
88
0
0
0
0
5
7
22
24
26
4
0
Oklahoma
77
0
0
0
3
22
16
22
9
5
0
0
Oregon
36
0
0
0
0
3
7
11
9
5
1
0
Pennsylvania
67
0
0
0
0
0
6
14
20
19
7
1
Puerto Rico
78
0
1
12
34
16
11
2
2
0
0
0
Rhode Island
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
3
0
South Carolina
46
0
0
0
2
7
9
11
7
2
6
2
South Dakota
66
0
0
1
1
6
18
22
12
4
2
0
Tennessee
95
0
0
1
5
24
33
15
12
4
1
0
Texas
254
0
1
1
11
55
76
59
35
9
7
0
Utah
29
0
0
0
0
1
2
12
4
9
1
0
Vermont
14
0
0
0
0
1
4
4
2
3
0
0
Virgin Islands
3
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
Virginia
134
0
0
4
16
24
22
26
16
14
12
0
Washington
39
0
0
0
1
3
7
8
12
7
1
0
West Virginia
55
0
0
1
2
6
15
18
10
3
0
0
Wisconsin
72
0
0
0
1
1
15
21
19
12
3
0
Wyoming
23
0
0
0
0
1
4
5
9
4
0
0
Total
3,232
5
7
31
157
436
698
753
574
405
148
18
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. See Technical Notes at the end of the report.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
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36
Table 23
Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
than 0 and
than 5 and than 10 and than 20 and than 30 and than 40 and than 50 and than 60 and than 75 and
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
100% or
State
Tracts
Zero
than 5%
than 10%
than 20%
than 30%
than 40%
than 50%
than 60%
than 75%
than 100%
more
Alabama
1,081
3
14
30
134
191
205
136
111
104
93
60
Alaska
158
1
1
10
13
4
14
16
18
41
32
8
American Samoa
21
18
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
Arizona
1,107
16
23
31
72
125
114
147
143
181
146
109
Arkansas
624
2
11
29
79
139
116
79
49
53
49
18
California
7,049
40
26
59
269
447
733
786
850
1,358
1,597
884
Colorado
1,075
12
1
3
22
84
138
146
160
186
181
142
Connecticut
815
3
1
1
9
29
36
63
92
184
333
64
Delaware
197
1
0
2
6
20
20
22
24
22
38
42
District of Columbia
188
6
1
1
2
10
17
18
24
40
47
22
Florida
3,153
10
4
8
87
235
387
447
428
582
560
405
Georgia
1,618
6
7
16
100
210
265
254
231
214
179
136
Guam
56
11
1
2
5
8
7
8
3
5
0
6
Hawaii
286
8
2
0
4
6
7
26
52
85
67
29
Idaho
280
2
1
8
15
39
61
54
27
35
20
18
Illinois
2,964
20
16
18
73
253
378
453
447
577
509
220
Indiana
1,412
3
5
10
55
171
277
302
231
173
128
57
Iowa
793
2
1
3
11
41
130
204
184
130
65
22
Kansas
727
7
2
2
10
54
119
146
113
127
85
62
Kentucky
994
2
8
15
78
123
194
191
138
132
73
40
Louisiana
1,106
5
8
10
68
174
150
162
142
182
150
55
Maine
344
0
2
2
12
21
16
27
50
71
98
45
Maryland
1,216
8
14
8
66
92
92
118
133
197
275
213
Massachusetts
1,361
5
0
0
52
102
89
94
92
216
433
278
Michigan
2,716
14
17
34
205
297
347
362
414
467
425
134
Minnesota
1,300
6
4
3
14
85
170
238
238
261
201
80
Mississippi
605
0
5
22
132
125
108
66
41
47
40
19
Missouri
1,320
9
14
23
109
175
224
197
153
178
171
67
Montana
270
6
9
1
15
34
48
56
47
26
22
6
Nebraska
503
4
0
2
10
38
91
97
84
88
52
37
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 49
37
Table 23 - Continued
Distribution of Census Tracts by Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households by State as of December 31, 2008
(Connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction)Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Tract Households
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
Greater
than 0 and
than 5 and than 10 and than 20 and than 30 and than 40 and than 50 and than 60 and than 75 and
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
no more
100% or
State
Tracts
Zero
than 5%
than 10%
than 20%
than 30%
than 40%
than 50%
than 60%
than 75%
than 100%
more
Nevada
487
9
6
8
34
50
75
60
59
70
66
50
New Hampshire
272
0
0
0
2
5
6
20
35
70
92
42
New Jersey
1,944
16
27
10
55
114
149
156
146
292
553
426
New Mexico
456
22
12
17
36
57
82
57
50
58
44
21
New York
4,898
112
130
13
66
187
516
654
524
722
1,022
952
North Carolina
1,555
2
1
5
53
149
224
266
203
241
221
190
North Dakota
227
6
5
5
13
23
32
39
33
41
22
8
Northern Mariana Isl
21
4
15
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
Ohio
2,934
14
1
8
84
214
332
377
490
643
557
214
Oklahoma
990
5
18
17
92
115
190
143
126
122
110
52
Oregon
755
1
1
1
12
46
83
135
140
164
128
44
Pennsylvania
3,134
20
19
18
195
281
317
335
391
480
666
412
Puerto Rico
823
171
74
122
212
85
47
31
23
13
21
24
Rhode Island
233
0
0
0
7
23
21
24
21
41
67
29
South Carolina
867
6
4
15
63
123
125
101
99
93
108
130
South Dakota
235
17
5
4
13
23
34
48
27
28
24
12
Tennessee
1,261
9
11
25
117
226
231
191
141
125
113
72
Texas
4,388
23
63
114
466
697
691
573
424
491
468
378
Utah
496
7
5
5
11
27
50
75
98
95
74
49
Vermont
179
1
2
0
13
16
23
22
41
34
21
6
Virgin Islands
32
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
4
Virginia
1,530
6
19
38
105
145
172
176
182
215
304
168
Washington
1,318
3
3
5
37
81
131
188
233
294
251
92
West Virginia
466
0
9
10
47
60
81
77
66
69
41
6
Wisconsin
1,320
7
4
5
30
106
176
209
234
285
179
85
Wyoming
127
1
0
1
4
7
17
21
29
33
13
1
Total
66,287
719
632
800
3,494
6,192
8,358
8,894
8,534
10,683
11,234
6,747
Note: Figures may not sum to totals due to rounding. See Technical Notes at the end of the report.
Source: FCC Form 477, Part VI.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 50
38
Chart 19
Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Income Decile
(County Data)0.80
0.72
0.70
0.63
0.60
0.60
0.58
0.57
0.55
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.48
0.48
t
i
o
a
R
p
0.44
0.44
0.44
r
shi
0.42
e
0.40
0.40
i
b
0.40
cr
0.38
0.36
Subs
0.300.28
0.28
0.20
0.10
0.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Income Counties Ranked by Median Household Income, in Deciles Higher Income
CumulativeNot Cumulative
This chart shows cumulative and non-cumulative subscribership ratios by income deciles. Counties were grouped into income deciles based on county median household income in 1999, as reported by the
Census Bureau. For each decile, the height of any red, non-cumulative bar represents the ratio of the sum of residential fixed connections across counties in the decile to the sum of households across
counties in the decile. The height of the blue, cumulative bar for decile N represents the ratio of the sum of residential fixed connections across all counties in decile N and all deciles less than N
to the number of households in all the counties in decile N and deciles less than N.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (Median household income in 1999).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 51
39
Chart 20
Subscribership Ratio Distributions by Income Deciles as of December 31, 2008
Subscribership RatioAverage
0.26
0.34
0.37
0.39
0.43
0.47
0.48
0.50
0.56
0.67
Median
0.26
0.33
0.38
0.39
0.42
0.46
0.47
0.51
0.56
0.68
Max
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
o
ti 0.6
a
Q3
R
p
Median
r
shi
e 0.5
r
i
b
Q1
ubsc
S 0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Min
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Income Median Household Income in 1999 by Decile Higher Income
Note: Each box plot shows the distribution of residential subscribership for counties in the income decile. Some of the features are labeled, but note also that + denotes the position of the averageresidential subscribership ratio taken across all counties in the decile; is the minimum observation above Q1-1.5(Q3-Q1); T is the maximum observation below Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1); and
is any data point
beyond Q1-1.5(Q3-Q1) or Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1). Ratios greater than 1 were set to 1.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (Median household income in 1999).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 52
40
Chart 21
Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Density Decile
(County Data)0.70
0.66
0.63
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.54
0.50
0.49
0.48
0.44
0.44
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.42
t
i
o
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.42
a
0.40
0.40
0.40
R
p
r
shi
e
i
b
cr
Subs
0.300.20
0.10
0.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Density Counties Ranked by Household Density, in Deciles Higher Density
CumulativeNot Cumulative
This chart shows cumulative and non-cumulative subscribership ratios by density deciles. Counties were grouped into density deciles based on households per square mile, calculated as the ratio of
estimated county households in 2009 to county land area from the Census Bureau. For each decile, the height of any red, non-cumulative bar represents the ratio of the sum of residential fixed connections
across counties in the decile to the sum of households across counties in the decile. The height of the blue, cumulative bar for decile N represents the ratio of the sum of residential fixed connections
across all counties in decile N and all deciles less than N to the number of households in all the counties in decile N and deciles less than N.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (County land area).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 53
41
Chart 22
Subscribership Ratio Distributions by Density Deciles as of December 31, 2008
Subscribership RatioAverage
0.40
0.41
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.41
0.46
0.52
0.60
0.57
Median
0.40
0.41
0.36
0.36
0.36
0.40
0.44
0.51
0.60
0.63
Max
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
o
ti 0.6
Q3
a
R
p
r
shi
Median
e 0.5
r
i
b
Q1
ubsc
S 0.4
0.3
0.2
Min
0.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Density County Household Density by Decile Higher Density
Note: Each box plot shows the distribution of residential subscribership for counties in the density decile. Some of the features are labeled, but note also that + denotes the position of the averageresidential subscribership ratio taken across all counties in the decile; is the minimum observation above Q1-1.5(Q3-Q1); T is the maximum observation below Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1); and
is any data point
beyond Q1-1.5(Q3-Q1) or Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1). Ratios greater than 1 were set to 1.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (County land area).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 54
42
Chart 23
Ratio of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Share of College Graduates in Deciles
(County Data)0.80
0.70
0.71
0.60
0.61
0.60
0.57
0.55
0.54
0.52
0.50
0.49
t
i
o
0.47
0.47
a
R
p
0.44
0.42
r
shi
e
0.40
0.41
i
b
0.40
cr
0.39
0.37
0.37
Subs
0.350.32
0.32
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Share Counties Ranked by Share of College Graduates, in Deciles Higher Share
CumulativeNot Cumulative
This chart shows cumulative and non-cumulative subscribership ratios by county share of college graduates in deciles. Counties were grouped into deciles based on the share of the county population at
least 25 years of age with a college degree or higher educational attainment. For each decile, the height of any red, non-cumulative bar represents the ratio of the sum of residential fixed connections
across counties in the decile to the sum of households across counties in the decile. The height of the blue, cumulative bar for decile N represents the ratio of the sum of residential fixed connections
across all counties in decile N and all deciles less than N, to the number of households in all the counties in decile N and deciles less than N.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (County educational attainment).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 55
43
Chart 24
Subscribership Ratio Distributions by Share of Population with a College Degree (in Deciles) as of December 31, 2008
Subscribership RatioAverage
0.30
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.41
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.57
0.68
Median
0.30
0.34
0.35
0.38
0.41
0.46
0.48
0.51
0.57
0.68
Max
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
o
ti 0.6
a
Q3
R
p
r
shi
Median
e 0.5
r
i
b
Q1
ubsc
S 0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Min
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Share County Share of College Graduates by Decile Higher Share
Note: Each box plot shows the distribution of residential subscribership for counties in the share decile. Some of the features are labeled, but note also that + denotes the position of the averageresidential subscribership ratio taken across all counties in the decile; is the minimum observation above Q1-1.5(Q3-Q1); T is the maximum observation below Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1); and
is a data point
beyond Q1-1.5(Q3-Q1) or Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1). Ratios greater than 1 were set to 1.
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (County educational attainment).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 56
44
Chart 25
Median Ratios of Residential Fixed High-Speed Connections to Households by Income and Density
Tract Data as of December 31, 2008
100%90%
80%
s
d
70%
ehol
s
u
o
H
60%
t
i
ons to
c
e
50%
onn
of C
o
40%
ati
R
n
a
30%
edi
M
20%
10%
0%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Lower Density Tract Density (Households per Square Mile) in Deciles Higher Density
Tract Median Income in Decilesless than $22,907
$22,907 to $28,245
$28,245 to $32,004
$32,004 to $35,699
$35,699 to $39,615
$39,615 to $43,859
$43,859 to $49,750
$49,750 to $57,281
$57,281 to $70,136
more than $70,136
Sources: FCC Form 477, Part VI; Geolytics 2009 Block-Level Estimates (Households in 2009); and Census 2000 (Median household income in 1999).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission
High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 57
Technical Notes
General
Wherever a number of providers is cited in this report, multiple Form 477 filers within a holding company structure
count as one provider.
Form 477 collects information about Internet access connections in service to end-user locations that are advertised
to deliver information to and/or from the end user – that is, in at least one direction – at transfer rates (“speeds”)
above 200 kilobits per second (kbps). Information is collected about connections in 72 speed tiers defined by ranges
of upstream speeds and downstream speeds. See report Table 8 for specifications of the speed tiers. Connections
are further categorized by the technology employed by the part of the connection that terminates at the end-user
location (see below). To provide continuity with published historical data, this particular report uses the term “high-
speed” to describe all reported connections and, additionally, uses the term “advanced services” to describe the
subset of connections with advertised speeds above 200 kbps both to and from the end user (but not necessarily the
same speed in each direction). (Consistent with the Form 477 data collection orders, “broadband” and “high-speed”
are synonyms when these Technical Notes are discussing particular elements of those orders.)
“End users” are residential, business, institutional, or government entities who use services for their own purposes
and who do not resell such services to other entities. Facilities-based providers report information about connections
they provide directly to their own end-user customers and also connections that they provide to Internet Service
Providers for resale to end users. For Form 477 purposes, the facilities-based provider of a connection is the entity
that owns the portion of the physical facility that terminates at the end-user location, obtains an unbundled network
element (UNE), special access line, or other leased facility that terminates at the end-user location and
provisions/equips it as broadband, or provisions/equips a broadband wireless channel to the end-user location over
licensed spectrum or over spectrum that the provider uses on an unlicensed basis.
The mutually exclusive Form 477 technology categories are: asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (“aDSL” in this
report), symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (“sDSL”), other wireline, cable modem, optical fiber to the end-user
premises (“FTTP”), satellite, fixed wireless (using licensed or unlicensed spectrum), mobile wireless (using licensed
or unlicensed spectrum), electric power line, and all other (which is included to capture deployment of additional
technologies over time). In the Form 477 data collection, aDSL-based services delivered over fiber-to-the-node
architecture are reported in the aDSL category. The other wireline category comprises T1/DS1, T3/DS3, and other
copper-based connections, not elsewhere categorized, that deliver Internet access service at the end-user location.
Ethernet connections delivering Internet access service are reported in the other wireline category if the connection
terminates over copper and in the FTTP category if the connection terminates over fiber. Connections deployed
over hybrid fiber-coax (HFC) architecture are reported in the cable modem category. Wireless ISPs (“WISPs”)
report in the fixed wireless category if providing service to dispersed, fixed end-user locations and report in the
mobile wireless category if providing a commercial service that can be received at any location within a service
footprint. Wireless local area networks (such as Wi-Fi hotspots) that only enable local distribution and sharing of a
premises connection are not included, although the shared premises connection is included.
Numbers of connections presented in this report are not adjusted for the number of persons at a single end-user
location who have access to, or who use, the Internet access services delivered over the connection to that location.
Numbers of residential connections are estimated based on the total connections and percentage-residential
connections information reported on Form 477.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 58
Census tracts
Starting with data as of December 31, 2008, facilities-based providers of fixed-location high-speed Internet access
connections must report connection counts and percentage residential information at the census tract level of detail.
Because of the inherent mobility of their service, facilities-based mobile wireless providers do not report subscriber
counts by census tract. Instead, they report the census tracts in the state that best represent the areas where service is
available over the provider’s own network, for each of the speed tiers in which the provider offers service.
For the 2000 decennial census, the Census Bureau assigned a default census tract code of 000000 to some coastal
and Great Lakes water and territorial sea. These default-code tracts are not included in the statistics presented in this
report, which therefore summarize data for 66,287 census tracts.
According to GeoLytics, Inc. estimates for 2009, fewer than 200 census tracts have population but no households
because the population resides in group living quarters. For the purpose of estimating residential subscribership
rates by census tract, we assume these census tracts have no residential high-speed Internet access service because
persons residing in group quarters would have Internet access over a business connection provided to the operator of
the group quarters. Therefore, these census tracts are included in the “zero” column (see, for example, Table 12).
Tables 1 – 4 (December 2008 vs. June 2008)
Charts 17-18, Tables 11-12 and 21-22 (ratios above 100%)
Possible explanations of ratios above 100% include (1) geocoding misallocations in this first collection of data for
census tracts (an unfamiliar geography for many filers), with unresolved service locations attributed to a single
census tract; (2) proper allocation of connections to the county level by some filers, but improper allocation of all
connections to a single tract in the county; (3) possible overestimation of residential connections in service plans for
which the customer base is primarily residential; and (4) connections at seasonally or occasionally occupied housing
units, such as vacation homes, while the household is counted elsewhere. The numbers of households in census
tracts that were used to generate the estimated ratios are themselves estimates (for 2009, from GeoLytics, Inc.),
which could have an independent effect.
Maps showing number of providers by census tract
Readers of previous reports in this series may note certain differences in the provider-count maps in this report as
compared to the previous maps, which showed the number of providers by 5-digit geographical ZIP Code. The ZIP
Code-based maps counted (at the holding company level) each provider with any fixed-location connections (wired,
terrestrial fixed wireless, or satellite) reported for the ZIP Code and also any mobile wireless service provider who
listed the ZIP Code as part of its broadband service area. By contrast, in this report we provide separate maps for
providers (counted at the holding company level) of fixed-location connections and for mobile wireless providers.
Second, in this report we present an entirely new map showing the number of providers that reported any residential
fixed-location connections, thereby excluding any providers of exclusively business fixed-location connections in
the census tract.
Maps showing residential subscribership rates by census tract
The two maps based on estimated high-speed Internet access connections per 1,000 households (that is, estimated
household subscribership, or adoption, rates) are entirely new and are not comparable to the ZIP Code-based maps
in earlier reports in this series. These maps present information that could not be presented in earlier reports because
numbers of connections were never reported for individual ZIP Codes. Readers should note that these particular
maps (1) exclude all connections identified as business connections and (2) necessarily exclude residential mobile
wireless connections (which are reported for the state but not for individual census tracts).
U.S. Federal Communications Commission High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008 59
Customer Response
Publication: High-Speed Services for Internet Access: Status as of December 31, 2008
You can help us provide the best possible information to the public by completing this form and returning it
to the Industry Analysis and Technology Division of the FCC's Wireline Competition Bureau.
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Document Outline
- report1208_FINAL_public.pdf
- binder_011510.pdf
- res_fixed_hs_subratio_101909_010510
- res_fixed_btop_subratio_101909_010510
- total_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- residential_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- total_providers_tmw_101909_for_report
- binder_011510.pdf
- res_fixed_hs_subratio_101909_010510
- res_fixed_btop_subratio_101909_010510
- total_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- residential_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- total_providers_tmw_101909_for_report
- binder_011510.pdf
- binder_020210.pdf
- res_fixed_hs_subratio_101909_020210
- res_fixed_btop_subratio_101909_020210
- total_fixed_providers_101909_020210
- residential_fixed_providers_101909_020210
- total_providers_tmw_101909_020310
- HSPD0210_2 3 10_tables.pdf
- report1208_FINAL_public.pdf
- binder_011510.pdf
- res_fixed_hs_subratio_101909_010510
- res_fixed_btop_subratio_101909_010510
- total_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- residential_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- total_providers_tmw_101909_for_report
- binder_011510.pdf
- res_fixed_hs_subratio_101909_010510
- res_fixed_btop_subratio_101909_010510
- total_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- residential_fixed_providers_101909_011510
- total_providers_tmw_101909_for_report
- binder_011510.pdf
- binder_020210.pdf
- res_fixed_hs_subratio_101909_020210
- res_fixed_btop_subratio_101909_020210
- total_fixed_providers_101909_020210
- residential_fixed_providers_101909_020210
- total_providers_tmw_101909_020310
- report1208_FINAL_public.pdf
Note: We are currently transitioning our documents into web compatible formats for easier reading. We have done our best to supply this content to you in a presentable form, but there may be some formatting issues while we improve the technology. The original version of the document is available as a PDF, Word Document, or as plain text.
