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X6 1\rVv! @+099 1$ (/. ##4Zɵ<-5/dd#\  P6Q6P#]+ @ @] 7 DTV0WBaC#e+\  P6Q6P#  DTV1$ (3/. ::zaJpM$ %dd#Xx\  P6Q6XP#]+@@] / Transition0^I &>#=\  P6Q63P#  Transition1$ (4/. ::ո9 V!dd#Xx\  P6Q6XP#]+@@] / Post Transition0cN+'#=\  P6Q63P#  Post Transition10*x3(` = '3,,4?(3/. ::zapM$ %dd#Xx\  P6Q6XP#]+@@] / Transition0^I^ #=\  P6Q63P#  Transition1(4/. ::ոq V!dd#Xx\  P6Q6XP#]+@@] / Post Transition0cNjc&#=\  P6Q63P#  Post Transition1$(!/(. w# !K XV91%06M! `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `( `(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]`(]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]!]! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1!$X!!?("/.. 0,EY!< ",",0"#0)0) "# 1(#/.. 0,EY!< ,,0"#)) "# 1($/.. 0,EY!< ","*V% V%0"#0)0)#1$ (%/(. 0,EY!< L+!06MC#))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#C#1!$(&/*. 0,EY!< !<+!0F#F#)1!$('/(. 0,EY!< 6  Ph!06MW#&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#W#1$ ((/.. 0,EY!< Y!v*Y!v*% % 0&))&1$ ()/.. 0,EY!< '!'!W W 0''''1(*/.. 0,EY!< X'!'!W XW 0/';';'/'1(+/.. 0,EY!<  '!c'!cW W 0U'b'b'U'1(,/.. 0,EY!< '!/'!/W W 0|'''|'1(-/.. 0,EY!< '!'!W W 0''''1(./(. 0,EY!< !N ;#:!06M(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(N(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1$ (//*. 0,EY!< ]" " ]" 0$(=($(1$ (0/.. 0,EY!<  +!!+!!_ _ 0' ( ('1$ (1/*. 0,EY!< |! |! 0'''1$ (2/(. 0,EY!< %N v&:!06M(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1$ (3/*. 0,EY!< % & % 0(((1$ (4/.. 0,EY!< #+!%+!%_ #_ 0m(((m(1$ (5/*. 0,EY!< $ 2$ $ 0(}((1 $(6/.. 0,EY!< (/!3(!(!(/!0=)A)P)V)1$ (7/.. 0,EY!< 'S (p U(p i(S 04)9)G)K)1$ (8/.. 0,EY!< (+!+(!( ' 0<)?)<)7)1$ (9/.. 0,EY!< 'W (t ( ' 02)8);)7)1$ (:/.. 0,EY!< ](t r(W ( n( 0I)M)Q)L)1$ (;/.. 0,EY!< (!(+!( v( 0Q)W)R)N)1$ (</6. 0,EY!< ( ( v( ( r( ( 08)<)N)P)M)<)1$ (=/.. 0,EY!< (/!(!:)!S)/!0`)c)s)x)1$ (>/.. 0,EY!< (S (p )p )S 0U)[)j)m)1$ (?/.. 0,EY!< (+!(!( ( 0_)a)_)Y)1$ (@/.. 0,EY!< (W (t ( ( 0T)Y)])Y)1$ (A/.. 0,EY!< )t %)W >) !) 0k)o)t)n)1$ (B/.. 0,EY!< >)![)+!>) -) 0t)y)t)q)1$ (C/6. 0,EY!< ( ( )) :) %) ( 0Y)_)p)s)o)^)1$ (D/.. 0,EY!< )/!)!)!*/!0))))1$ (E/.. 0,EY!< O)S l)p )p )S 0w)})))1$ (F/.. 0,EY!< )+!)!) l) 0)))})1$ (G/.. 0,EY!< J)W l)t x) l) 0v)}))})1$ (H/.. 0,EY!< )t )W ) ) 0))))1$ (I/.. 0,EY!< )!*+!) ) 0))))1$ (J/6. 0,EY!< l) ) ) ) ) |) 0}))))))1!$X!!?(K/.. 0,EY!< E+E+0G#g)g) G# 1$ (L/.. 0,EY!< \ ))\ 0#%)%) # 1$ (M/.. 0,EY!< \ \ 0G#g#%# G# 1(N/.. 0,EY!< E+))E+0)g)%) ) 1(O/.. 0,EY!< \ )E+0G# # ) ) 1!$(P/*. 0,EY!< @+0)gG#gG# 1$ ($(|/.. s&s&{jH5  2)2)a a01$ (}/.. s&s&{jH5     0SS1$ (~/.. s&s&{jH5 U%~&~&U%0221$X?(/^. s&s&{jH5 Bq++F!!!+"8+"+!+!+!+++0B1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 2&N+N+ 2& 0'zz%'%1$(/.. s&s&{jH5 X&++X&0-YYK-K1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 X&++TX&T0-++-1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 X&}+}+!X&!0--1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 X&J+J+ X& 0--1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 X& + + X& 0--1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 X& + + X& 0-rre-e1$ (/.. s&s&{jH5 X& + +T X&T 0-DD6-61 $ X (/.. s&s&{jH5 Q&c /+c /+Q&0,,1$(/,. &&?kIe] }"fh0lUROM KIHHG$H+H.J5K8L;M>NAPDSJULWOYQ\T^VaXcZf\i^l_oaqbudxe~fgghhhggfedba_^\ZXVTQOLJDA>;85.+$  |xtqmjfc`]ZXU1$ (/,. &&?kIe] "]0)h0Gig ecba```#`'a,b0c4e8h;j?mBpEtGxJ{KMNOOONMKJGEB?;840,'# ~{ywtrpnlki1$(/&. s&s&{jH5  )'i0 Rl1$(/,. &&?kIe] "Sh0lR@PDNILMKQJUIZI^HcIjImKtLwMzN}OQTVXZ]_bdgjmpsvy}zwtmjc\YROLIFC=;861/-+)(&%#"!   !{"w#s$o&k(g*d-`/]2Z6W9U<R@1$ (/,. &&?kIe] "H0)h0FgKfMePdScUbXa[a^aaafbjcnerfvizk}nquy}}zvrnjfa]YTPLIEB?=;976555677z:x;s>q@oBmDkFiHgK1$(/&. s&s&{jH5  )(a0 m,1$(/,. &&?kIe] e"h0Dmlkjjjklmnoqsuxz}~|zxwutrqpom1$ (/,. &&?kIe] e"h0<vvutttuuvwxyz|}~|zxv1$(/N. s&s&{jH5 2 )! !w!!!eA &8!9z!f!!(!02 -1$X(/f. s&s&{jH5 J6% >   d U   $ -% Z% % %e %M %[ % w% Z% 0J$$&-9 7 . 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Yժ:<-5/dd#\  P6Q6P#]+ @ @] 7 DTV0WB}` # \  P6Q6@P#  DTV1p @ xp @ hVL!`5(#FCC 96317  X-+2 Before the ă  X-[  FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION ă  X- Washington, D.C. 20554 ă  Xv-In the Matter of@ @  hh@) xpp @ @  hh@)  XH-Advanced Television Systemshh@)  X1-and Their Impact upon thehh@) MM Docket No. 87268  X -Existing Television Broadcasthh@)  X -Servicepp @ @  hh@)  X -  Sixth Further Notice Of Proposed Rule Making ă  Xy-Adopted: July 25, 1996hh@; Released August 14, 1996  XK- Comment Date: November 22, 1996  X4- Reply Comment Date: December 23, 1996 By the Commission: Chairman Hundt issuing a statement. p @ hVL!p @ hVL!TABLE OF CONTENTS  X|-`% (#(Para. No.ă  XN-I. INTRODUCTION  hh@VVJrLL!!5 1  X -II. BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY @VVJrLL!!5 4  X-III. ALLOTMENT AND ASSIGNMENT PRINCIPLESLL!!5!!!!!!!! 8  X-dA. Full Accommodationhh@VVJrLL!!5 9  X -dB.xDigital TV Service Areashh@VVJrLL!!5 11  X!-dC.xSpectrum for DTVhh@VVJrLL!!5 15  X"-dxppProposals hh@VVJrLL!!5!! 18  X#-dxppRequest for Commentshh@VVJrLL!!5 31  Xh$-dD.xAllotment Preferencehh@VVJrLL!!5 38  XQ%-dE.xAssignment Methodologyhh@VVJrLL!!5 42  X:&-dF.xNegotiated Allotments/Assignments VVJrLL!!5 44  X#'-dG.xAdditional Considerationshh@VVJrLL!!5 50  X(-IV. OTHER ISSUES hh@VVJrLL!!5 54  X)-dA.xUse of Existing Transmitter Sites@VVJrLL!!5 55  X*-dB.xExisting Vacant Allotments, New NTSC Applications and Station Modifications!!5!! 57"*,,,O)"Ԍ X-dC.xLow Power and TV Translator StationsrLL!!5 64  X-dD.xUse of TV Channels 3, 4 and 6@VVJrLL!!5 73  X-dE.xLand Mobile Sharinghh@VVJrLL!!5 75  X-dF.xDTV Frequency Labeling Plan @VVJrLL!!5!! 78  X-V. ALLOTMENT METHODOLOGY AND APPROACHLL!!5 80  Xv-dA.xTechnical Performance of the DTV SystemrLL !!5 80  X_-dB.xMethodology for Allotting DTV FrequenciesrLL!!5 81 d  X1-VI. DTV TABLE OF ALLOTMENTS@VVJrLL!!5 84  X -dA.xAllotment Computer Software@VVJrLL!!5 84  X -dB.xProposed DTV Allotmentshh@VVJrLL!!5 88  X -dxppFull Accommodationhh@VVJrLL!!5 89""""""""""""  X -dxppDTV Service Areashh@VVJrLL!!5 90  X -dxppSpectrum for DTV Allotments@VVJrLL!!5 91  X -dxppOther Allotment ConsiderationsVVJrLL!!5!!!! 93  Xy-VII. ALLOTMENT MODIFICATIONS@VVJrLL!!5 94  Xb-dA.xMaximum Station Facilitieshh@VVJrLL!!5 94  XK-dB.xFuture Allotments and Modifications to the DTV TableLL!!5 97  X4-dxppGeographic Spacing Approach@VVJrLL!!5 98  X-dxppEngineering Criteria Approach@VVJrLL!!5 99  X-dxppUse of Frequency Coordinators@VVJrLL!!5 100 d  X-VIII. PROCEDURAL MATTERShh@VVJrLL!!5 103  X-dA.xInitial Regulatory Flexibility AnalysisrLL!!5 104  X-dB.xSubmission of Commentshh@VVJrLL!!5 105  X|-IX. ORDERING CLAUSEShh@VVJrLL!!5!! 106 dAPPENDIX A Technical Data dAPPENDIX B Proposed DTV Table of Allotments dAPPENDIX C Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis" ,** " p @ hVL!p @ hVL!yI. INTRODUCTION  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) 1. 1. i.(1)(a)(i) 1) 1x1. By this action, the Commission begins the final step in the implementation of the  X-next era of broadcast television: digital television (DTV).oe X4-Ѝ Digital TV refers to any technology that uses digital techniques to provide advanced television services such as high definition TV (HDTV), multiple standard definition TV (SDTV) and other advanced features and services. Recently, we considered the issue  X-of a DTV broadcast standard.TKoe X -ԍ See Fifth Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making, adopted May 9, 1996, FCC 96207  X -(released May 20, 1996); see also Advanced Television Systems Committee Standard A/53  Xr -(1995) ATSC Digital Television Standard (ATSC DTV Standard).T Earlier, we adopted a Notice addressing the manner in which  X-digital licensees may use the spectrum identified for digital broadcasting, and other issues.oe X -ԍ See Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making and Third Notice of Inquiry  X-(Fourth Further Notice), 10 FCC 10541 (1995). In this action, we continue the implementation process by proposing policies for developing  X_-the initial DTV allotments, procedures for assigning DTV frequencies,1_h oe Xx-ԍ As used herein, the terms "frequency" or "channel" generally refers to the 6 MHz spectrum block currently used to provide a single NTSC television service or to the equivalent 6 MHz spectrum block to be used for DTV services. In each case, the NTSC and DTV channel numbers used herein correspond to the same frequency bands. For example, NTSC channel 2 and DTV channel 2 both correspond to the frequency band 5460 MHz. It should be noted, however, that whereas an NTSC frequency or channel is used to provide a single television program service, DTV frequencies or channels may be used to provide a wide variety of services, such as HDTV, multiple SDTV programs, audio, data and other types of communications. and plans for spectrum recovery. x2. We also propose technical criteria for the allotment of additional DTV frequencies and provide a draft DTV Table of Allotments. The Table, which shows how initial digital frequencies might be allotted and assigned in individual markets, is based on the principles of accommodating all eligible existing broadcasters, replicating existing service areas, and ensuring sound spectrum management. While we expect our final Table of Allotments to be based on these principles, the Table we issue today is a draft and we anticipate revisions. Our staff will work with broadcasters and other parties to revise the Table as appropriate. We have also proposed procedures by which broadcasters within a community can request alternative allotments for their market, both before and after adoption of a Table. x3. Our overarching goals in this phase of the proceeding are to ensure that the spectrum is used efficiently and effectively through reliance on market forces and to ensure that the introduction of digital TV fully serves the public interest. In this latter regard, our proposals will serve to foster the competitive provision of new and innovative DTV services and to promote economic growth and the creation of jobs in the telecommunications industry."a,**"Ԍ p II. BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY  X-x4. On July 16, 1992, the Commission adopted a Second Further Notice of Proposed  X-Rule Making that addressed issues relating to the development of channel allotments for DTV service. In that action, we presented proposals for the policies, procedures and technical criteria to be used in allotting and assigning channels for DTV service. Included in this action was a "draft" proposal for a DTV Table of Allotments.  X1-x5. On July 28, 1995, we adopted a Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making  X -and Third Further Notice of Inquiry (Fourth Further Notice) that revisited a number of policy issues in response to technical and system developments with regard to digital broadcast  X -television technology.a oe Xe -ԍ See Fourth Further Notice, at paras. 319.a We noted that digital encoding and transmission technology permits the transmission of multiple standard definition television (SDTV) programming, data and  X -other services in addition to high definition television (HDTV) service.? yoe X-ԍ  Id. at para. 4.? With regard to spectrum issues, we restated our commitment to recovery of spectrum. We stated that the temporary grant of an additional 6 MHz channel for digital broadcasting would be conditioned explicitly on, among other things, return of one of the channels at the end of a transition period. We further stated that we may require broadcasters to change their channels at the end of the transition period, so that recovered spectrum can be aggregated into contiguous blocks, thereby increasing its value. We also indicated that we intended to issue another  X-Further Notice proposing a DTV Table of Allotments and channel assignment methodology.E*oe X-ԍ Id. at para 19.E  X-x6. We adopted a Fifth Further Notice to consider the issue of a DTV broadcast technical standard on May 9, 1996. We proposed to require that DTV licensees use the ATSC DTV Standard recommended by our Advisory Committee on Advanced Television  X-Service (Advisory Committee) as the transmission system for digital broadcast television.oe X6-ԍ See Final Report and Recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Advanced  X -Television Service, adopted November 28, 1995. Copies of this report are available through the Commission's copy contractor, International Transcription Services. Additionally, the Advisory Committee's Report and the ATSC DTV Standard are available on the Internet at the ATSC site (http://www.atsc.org). To ensure that our rules encourage future innovation, we also proposed to do one or more of the following: 1) proceed under our current processes, which include consideration of requests to amend our rules when the Commission, industry, or other members of the public believe change warranted; 2) provide for reviewing the standard at some future time; or, 3) adopt a sunset provision making the standard optional after an established period of time. We also sought comment on alternatives to requiring use of the ATSC DTV Standard, including the" 0 ,**" possibility of mandating only certain portions of the standard, or simply authorizing use of the ATSC DTV Standard and protecting it against interference. x7. In this action, we consider policies, procedures and technical criteria to be used in allotting and assigning channels for digital TV service. The DTV Table on which we are seeking comment is based on the principles of full accommodation for all eligible existing broadcasters, replication of existing broadcast service areas, and sound spectrum management, and it uses the technical and interference characteristics of the ATSC DTV Standard. We proceed with this Further Notice on the assumption that 6 MHz channels will be assigned to existing broadcasters, and that there will be a transition period after which broadcasters will  X -return one of their two 6 MHz channels.   oe X -ԍ The issue of the appropriate duration of a transition period from NTSC to DTV service is not a subject of this Further Notice; that issue is being addressed in the context of the  Xe -Fourth Further Notice.  We do not address in this Further Notice the issue of whether digital licenses should be assigned through competitive bidding, which is beyond  X -our statutory authority.7  Koe X-ԍ In the Fourth Further Notice, we explained that our auction authority under 47 U.S.C.  X-Section 309(j) does not include the authority to auction digital broadcast licenses. See Fourth  X-Further Notice, at para. 31.7  III. ALLOTMENT AND ASSIGNMENT PRINCIPLESTP  Xy-x8. The development of a proposed new Table of Allotments for digital TV broadcasting is a complex and difficult task. Over 1900 new DTV allotments must be identified to serve the almost 1000 TV markets and communities throughout the United States. Sophisticated, stateoftheart computational capabilities are required to perform the complicated task of creating these new allotments and calculating the anticipated coverage and interference effects of the proposed new DTV frequencies. Comprehensive engineering and technical analyses must be performed to study the potential for recovery of spectrum. The principles and policies that have resulted in our DTV allotment proposals are discussed fully below. We request comment on all aspects of the principles and assumptions underlying the attached draft DTV Table.  X|-A. Full Accommodation  XN-x9. In the Second Further Notice issued in 1992, we proposed that our primary allotment objective would be to accommodate all eligible existing broadcasters with a second  X -channel for DTV service.  oe X&-ԍ See Second Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making (Second Further Notice), 7 FCC Rcd 5376 (1992), at paras. 910. We had previously indicated that eligible broadcasters would include: a) all fullservice television broadcast station licensees; b) permittees authorized as  X-of October 24, 1991; and c) all parties with applications for a construction permit on file as of"h ,**<"  X-October 24, 1991, who are ultimately awarded fullservice broadcast station licenses. oe Xy-ԍ See Second Report and Order/Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making (Second  Xb-Report/Further Notice), 7 FCC Rcd 3340 (1992), at para. 9. Subsequently, in the  XK-Memorandum Opinion and Order/Third Report and Order/Third Further Notice of Proposed  X4-Rule Making, the Commission clarified that, in the event of a shortfall of allotments, eligible parties would be ranked in the following order: 1) licensees and permittees with constructed facilities having program test authority; 2) other permittees; and 3) all parties with an  X-application for a construction permit pending as of October 24, 1991. See Memorandum  X-Opinion and Order/Third Report and Order/Third Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making  X -(Third Report/Further Notice), 7 FCC Rcd 6924 (1992), at paragraph 10. In the Fourth  X -Further Notice, we further stated that in the event that we were not able to accommodate all eligible existing broadcasters with an DTV channel, there are other options, such as switching  X| -directly to DTV service at some point during or at the end of the transition period. See  Xe -Fourth Further Notice, at footnote 24. As discussed herein, we now believe that it will be possible to accommodate all eligible broadcasters with a DTV channel. If, however, we ultimately adopt a different allotment approach, we continue to propose to employ the ranking  X -procedure and options set forth in the Third Report/Further Notice and Fourth Further Notice. In the  X-Fourth Further Notice, we reiterated our 1992 decision that initial eligibility for DTV  X-frequencies should be limited to existing broadcasters. v oe X-ԍ We also asked for comment on the eligibility status of those broadcasters who are in bankruptcy, offtheair, have construction permits or are otherwise nonoperational, or are otherwise incapable of engaging in the transition to digital television. In particular, we have requested comment on whether the transition channels identified for these parties would be better used to support service to the public if they were instead made available to new entrants. The recently enacted 1996 Telecommunications Act provides that if we decide to issue additional licenses for advanced television services, we should limit the initial eligibility for such licenses to persons that, as of the date of such issuance, are licensed to operate a television broadcast station or hold a  Xv-permit to construct such a station.vv^oe X-ԍ Section 201 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 provides, inter alia, that "[i]f the Commission determines to issue additional licenses for advanced television services, the Commission ... should limit the initial eligibility for such licenses to persons that, as of the date of such issuance, are licensed to operate a television broadcast station or hold a permit to construct such a station." Telecommunications Act of 1996, Pub. l. No. 10414,, Section 201, 110 Stat. 56 (1996).   XH-x 10. Proposal. Consistent with the above, we propose that our primary allotment objective continue to be to develop an allotment approach that will accommodate all eligible  X -existing broadcasters. Subject to any changes resulting from our Fourth Further Notice, existing broadcasters eligible for a DTV channel will include those broadcasters we have previously identified: a) all fullservice television broadcast station licensees; b) permittees authorized as of October 24, 1991; and c) all parties with applications for a construction permit on file as of October 24, 1991, who are ultimately awarded fullservice broadcast" ,** " station licenses. This approach will ensure that all eligible full service broadcasters are able to provide the new digital TV service. Our proposals herein regarding full accommodation are also consistent with the provisions of the 1996 Telecommunications Act regarding initial eligibility for licenses. As described below, we are also proposing procedures for creating additional allotments beyond those needed initially for accommodating all existing full service broadcasters.  X_-B. Digital TV Service Areas  X1-x 11. In the Second Further Notice, we proposed to employ an allotment approach that  X -would maximize the service areas of all DTV allotments.a oe X -ԍ See Second Further Notice, at paras. 1116.a We also stated that it is important to enable DTV stations to serve geographic areas that encompass their communities of license and surrounding market areas. We indicated that we intended to establish a minimum DTV service area objective and stated that, at a minimum, DTV stations should have the capability to provide service to an area within a radius of 8590 km (about 55 miles) of their transmitter  X -sites. yoe X-ԍ The service distances typical of existing NTSC stations range from about 85105 km (5565 miles). Some stations, however, have a service distance as short as 30 km (20 miles) and others have a service distance as long as 125 km (80 miles). Under this approach, frequencies would be assigned to broadcasters in a community  X-either through a negotiation process or on a firstcome, firstserved basis.doe X=-ԍ See Second Report/Further Notice, at para. 35.d  Xb-x 12. We also requested comment on a "service replication/maximization" concept  XK-suggested by a variety of broadcast industry interests and representatives.;Koe X-ԍ For example, this approach was suggested by the Commission's Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service (Advisory Committee), the Broadcast Caucus, the Association of Maximum Service Television, Inc. (MSTV), the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) and others.; Under this approach, in the allotment process, we would attempt to provide DTV coverage areas comparable to existing NTSC coverage areas, taking each station's actual facilities and interference into account. We would also attempt, where possible, to provide smaller NTSC stations with larger DTV coverage areas, up to the size of the coverage area of the largest station in their market. Consistent with the comparable coverage objective, using the service replication approach we would match DTV frequencies with existing NTSC frequencies to create channel pairings/assignments. The goal of this approach would be twofold: 1) to provide DTV coverage comparable to a station's entire current coverage area and, 2) to provide the best correspondence between the size and shape of the proposed DTV channel's coverage area and the station's existing coverage.  X7-x 13. Proposal. In reviewing this issue, we agree with those in the broadcasting industry who have argued that replication of existing service areas in the new DTV allotments"  ,**"  X-offers important benefits for both viewers and stations.oe Xy-ԍ See for example, "Broadcasters' Proposed ATV Allotment/Assignment Approach," submitted in MM Docket No. 87268 on January 13, 1995, by approximately 90 broadcast organizations and companies, including the Association for Maximum Service Television, Inc., the National Broadcasters Association and other trade associations, commercial and public television networks, group station owners and individual station licensees. Replication would generally maintain the service areas of existing NTSC stations, thereby preserving viewers' access to  X-offtheair TV service and the ability of stations to reach the audiences that they now serve.1oe X -ԍ Like our service maximization methodology, the service replication/maximization plan offers the means to achieve a spectrum efficient DTV Table of Allotments. The service replication/maximization methodology is a technicallybased approach that employs highly accurate modeling and assignment analysis techniques developed by MSTV and the Broadcast Caucus and optimization technologies developed by FCC staff to best accommodate all existing stations in the limited spectrum available. In assigning DTV channels, the computer software used with this method provides a neutral solution, in that it does not distinguish  X-among types of stations, e.g., network affiliates, independent stations or noncommercial educational stations. Accordingly, we are proposing to identify digital TV allotments that, to the extent possible, will allow all existing broadcasters to provide digital TV service to a geographic area that is  X-comparable to their existing NTSC service area.Ioe XT-ԍ The methodology used to calculate NTSC service area is based on studies and  X=-methodologies developed by industry and our Advisory Committee. See Final Report and  X&-Recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service. I In this regard, we also propose to specify for each DTV allotment a maximum permissible effective radiated power (ERP) and antenna height above average terrain (HAAT) that would, to the extent possible, provide for replication of the station's existing service area. Furthermore, as discussed below, we are proposing to allow stations to maximize or increase their service area where such an increase  X -would not create additional interference. oe Xd-ԍ Stations would be permitted to increase their power and antenna height up to that permitted for maximum facilities, as discussed below in Section IX.  X -x 14. We request comment on all aspects of our proposal to use the service replication plan in allotting and assigning initial channels for digital TV service. We also request comment on whether it might be more desirable instead to adopt our original plan to allot DTV channels using an approach that maximizes the service areas of all DTV stations. This approach would tend to equalize the coverage areas of all stations within a market and reduce the current disparities among stations. We request comment on whether our original approach would be more appropriate and would provide more incentives for broadcasters to implement digital service more quickly than the service replication approach. "3,**"  X-C. Spectrum for DTV  X-x15. In the Second Report/Further Notice, we set forth a plan for implementing DTV service. As part of that plan, we proposed to provide broadcasters with the temporary use of a second channel for DTV operations, and we emphasized that at the end of the transition  X-period we would reclaim one of the two channels.doe X-ԍ See Second Report/Further Notice, at para. 50.d In the Second Further Notice, we  Xv-proposed to locate all DTV allotments in the UHF band.evyoe X -ԍ See Second Further Notice, at paras. 17 and 18.e We indicated that locating all DTV allotments in a single band would help reduce the cost of DTV receiving equipment and reduce technical disparities between stations. We also stated that allotting DTV channels only to UHF frequencies would leave the VHF band vacant after the transition to DTV is completed and would make this band available for new radio services. x  X -x16. In the Fourth Further Notice, we stated that we remain committed to spectrum  X -efficiency and to the recovery of spectrum.] *oe X-ԍ See Fourth Further Notice, at para. 58.] We noted that over 400 MHz of spectrum in the  X -VHF and UHF bands is currently allocated for television broadcasting.* oe XJ-ԍ Id. We note that the technical characteristics of the existing NTSC broadcast system  X3-allow use of only 102 MHz of spectrum at any given location. See Notice of Inquiry in MM Docket No. 87268, 2 FCC Rcd 5125 (1987). * We indicated that while the NTSC system does not permit all of the TV channels designated in this spectrum to be used in the same geographic area, the ATSC DTV system does not appear to pose the same limitations on spectrum use. Accordingly, we stated that as part of our long term plans to promote efficient use of the spectrum, we are considering reducing the amount of spectrum  XK-allocated to television broadcasting, but without reducing the number of licensees.xK^ oe XZ-ԍ See Fourth Further Notice, at paras. 5760 and 8687. x In particular, we stated that by moving some digital broadcast stations to new frequencies upon cessation of NTSC service, we would be able to condense broadcasting assignments to significantly less than 400 MHz, facilitate spectrum recovery in contiguous blocks and thereby achieve a more spectrumefficient arrangement. Finally, we questioned our previous view that the UHF band is the part of the spectrum to which all television broadcasting should be moved and sought comment on which parts of the VHF and UHF bands are most highly  X-valued for digital broadcast use.A oe Xj$-ԍ Id., at para. 86.A  X|-x17. We also noted in the Fourth Further Notice that we had not made any decisions  Xe-concerning which of the two channels would eventually be surrendered.]e oe X(-ԍ See Fourth Further Notice, at para. 59.] We stated that to minimize the number of digital broadcast stations that may need to be moved to facilitate the"N q,**0" creation of large contiguous blocks of VHF and/or UHF spectrum, it will likely be necessary for the Commission, not the licensee, to determine which 6 MHz channel the broadcaster must  X-use for digital transmission and which must be surrendered.3oe XK-ԍ Id.3 We also indicated that by  X-making these decisions early we can aid broadcasters in their investment decisions.3yoe X-ԍ Id.3  X-x18. Proposals. The primary goal of this proceeding is to ensure that the implementation of the DTV service is accomplished in a manner that serves the public interest. To achieve this goal, we believe that it is important to provide the new digital stations with the spectrum that is the most appropriate and technically suitable for their operation. In addition, given our obligation to manage the spectrum efficiently in the public interest and the increased number of stations that the TV spectrum can accommodate, we believe it is important that the recovery of spectrum continue to be a key component of our implementation of DTV service. In this regard, we remain committed to the recovery of the channels temporarily assigned for the transition and to ensuring that the spectrum is used efficiently.  X-x19. DTV Core Spectrum Option. In revisiting the issue of the location of DTV allotments, we agree with broadcasters who have argued against a UHFonly plan. We now believe that an approach that uses portions of both the VHF and UHF TV spectrum would better serve the public interest. Based on studies by our staff in developing DTV allotments, we believe that a core region of 270 MHz between channels 7 and 51 may be the most appropriate location for DTV broadcasting; that it would be sufficient to accommodate all existing broadcasters; and that it would provide additional DTV frequencies for new entrants after the conversion to digital service. From a technical perspective, we believe that this spectrum is the most desirable for broadcasting. In this regard, we observe that signals in the lower VHF spectrum are more susceptible to degradation due to manmade and atmospheric noise, while those in the upper UHF spectrum suffer greater propagation losses and are more susceptible to multipath and shadowing effects.  Xg-x20. We therefore are considering a revised spectrum option under which all future digital TV service would be located in a core region of the existing VHF and UHF broadcast  X9-spectrum, namely the spectrum at VHF channels 7 to 13 (174216 MHz), and the spectrum at "9 *,**{"  X-UHF channels 1451 (470698 MHz).} oe Xy-ԍ These bands correspond to the existing TV channels between VHF channel 7 and UHF channel 51. TV channel 37 (608614 MHz) is currently used for radio astronomy research. In order to protect sensitive radio astronomy operations, TV Channel 37 currently is not used for NTSC broadcast television and also would not be used for DTV service.} Figures 1 and 2 below show the existing NTSC television channels and the proposed spectrum to be used for digital television: y! tDLDLddatvfcht5 ty $(#(#||!|!$ !|! !|! !|! !|! ||H(#(#~ Figure 1 Current NTSC TV Channels yA n55Lddatv3.wmfh ny $(#(# mmAmj!$ Amj! Amj! Amj! Amj! mm (#(#r Figure 2 Proposed DTV Spectrum (Shaded Areas)  Xb-x21. Under this spectrum plan, we would attempt to provide all existing broadcasters with access to a 6 MHz channel for digital broadcasting within the core digital TV spectrum,  X4-i.e., channels 7 to 51. Because of the limited availability of spectrum and the need to accommodate all existing facilities with minimal interference among stations, however, some broadcasters would be provided transition DTV channels outside of this area. These broadcasters would have to move their DTV operations to a channel in the core spectrum when one became available. Broadcasters whose existing NTSC channels are in the core spectrum could move their DTV operations to their NTSC channel at some time in the future. Broadcasters whose DTV transition channel and existing NTSC channel are both outside of the core area could obtain a new DTV channel when channels in the core spectrum are recovered.  XN-x22. The following illustrates how a broadcaster assigned a new DTV channel in the yaV "!0*xddpar23l.wpg V yy X "".(#ddpar23r.wpg8 X ycore spectrum could make the transition: ,(#(# a, a a a a a a a ah$ 4 ,**F# |! ! DLDRWoPe mj!QA EP5hEV`EM`E BI`LT !5*a `"E`D`MO~ oe X$-ԍ See 47 CFR. 73.606(b).J Other petitions to amend the TV Table of Allotments (for example, proposing to change a station's community of license or altering the channel on which it operates, including changes in which channel allotment in a community is reserved for noncommercial educational use) can continue to be filed, but any such changes to the table that include a modification of a station's authorization will be conditioned on the outcome of this DTV rule making proceeding. This termination of the opportunity to file petitions to add NTSC"!>,** " allotments for new stations is effective as of the close of business on the date of adoption of this Further Notice. Any petitions that are currently on file and any rule making proceedings that are currently open will be addressed on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the impact on the draft DTV allotment table. For those pending cases in which a new NTSC channel is allotted, we will make an exception to our decision to cease accepting applications for new NTSC stations, and the accompanying allotment Report and Order will specify the period of time for filing applications.  XH-x=62. Our decision to cease accepting applications for new NTSC TV stations 30 days after publication of this Further Notice in the Federal Register and new petitions for rule making to add new NTSC allotments immediately, as indicated above, is based on the need to preserve the available spectrum for use by new DTV stations during the transition. The DTV Table proposed herein was developed on the assumption that the existing vacant NTSC allotments for which no construction permit application is pending will be deleted. It is necessary to delete these allotments in order to achieve our goal of providing a DTV allotment for all eligible broadcast stations. In addition, we also believe it is necessary to terminate the licensing of new NTSC as quickly as possible in order begin the process of  Xy-transitioning to DTV service. To continue to accept new applications for NTSC stations, now that we are approaching the actual start of this new service, could potentially prolong the transition process. We note that the additional 30 day period we have provided for filing new applications for NTSC construction permits will accommodate any parties who may be in the process of preparing such applications now. Accordingly, as allowed under Section 553(b) and (d) of the Administrative Procedures Act, we find that there is good cause for implementing these new policies without a notice and comment procedure and that such a  X-procedure would be contrary to our efforts to implement DTV service.L?oe XQ-ԍ See 5 U.S.C. 553(b) and (d).L  X-x>63. With regard to modifications of existing stations, we are concerned that the service area replications to be provided by the draft Table set forth herein could be  X|-substantially affected if stations make changes to their technical operations, i.e., maximum effective radiated power (ERP), antenna height above average terrain (HAAT), and transmitter locations from this point on. Furthermore, continuing changes in station operations could affect broadcasters ability to comment meaningfully on the proposed Table and our ability to finalize the DTV Table of Allotments. We are also concerned, however, that freezing modifications to existing NTSC stations could pose hardships for broadcasters. We note that in many cases it may be possible to permit modification of existing stations without affecting the DTV Table. We therefore will continue to permit the filing of applications to modify the  X -technical facilities, i.e., ERP, HAAT or transmitter location, of existing or authorized NTSC TV stations. However, in order to preserve our ability to develop the DTV Table, we will henceforth condition the grant of applications for modifications of technical facilities, including those for applications on file before the date of the adoption of this Further Notice but granted after that date, on the outcome of our final decision on the DTV Table of Allotments. To the extent that an existing station's service or potential for causing interference are extended into new areas by grant of an application, the condition may require the station's authorized facilities to be reduced or modified. We seek comment on whether"#'y?,**%" this condition should involve different consequences for applications for modifications on file as of the date of adoption of this Further Notice, as opposed to such applications filed after that date.  X-C. Low Power and TV Translator Stations  Xv-x?64. In previous actions in the proceeding, we determined that in order to provide  X_-DTV allotments for existing full service stations, it will be necessary to displace low power  XH-TV (LPTV) and TV translator stations to some degree, especially in the major markets.@Hoe X -ԍ See Second Report/Further Notice, at paras. 3945; and Second Further Notice, at para.41. This determination was based on our staff studies and studies by the Advisory Committee that indicate there is insufficient spectrum available in the broadcast TV bands to factor in low  X -power displacement considerations in making DTV assignments.Av boe X-ԍ See "Interim Report: Estimate of the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced Television (ATV) in the Existing Broadcast Television Bands," OET Technical Memorandum, FCC/OET TM881, August 1988 and, "Interim Report: Further Studies on the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced Television," OET Technical Memorandum, FCC/OET TM891, December 1989; and, "Preliminary Analysis of VHF and UHF Planning Subcommittee Working Party 3, Doc. 0174 (June 1991). We observed that, in fact, it will be a challenge just to provide all fullservice licensees with an additional 6 MHz for DTV. We therefore concluded that we must continue LPTV and TV translators secondary status visavis DTV stations. In view of the important benefits that LPTV and TV translators provide to the public, we also took a number of steps to mitigate the likelihood and effects of displacement on low power stations. Our decisions with regard to this issue have been upheld  Xy-on judicial review. See Polar Broadcasting vs. F.C.C., 22 F.3d 1184 (D.C. Cir. 1994)(table).  XM-x@65. Proposal. Consistent with our determinations and actions in the Second  X6-Report/Further Notice and based on our examination of the performance characteristics of the ATSC DTV system, we propose to continue the secondary status of LPTV and TV translator  X-stations.BH oe XY-ԍ Island Broadcasting (Island), the licensee of three low power TV stations operating in the New York City metropolitan area and on Long Island, in an earlier letter to the Commission, argued that it may be possible to provide a DTV channel for all of the existing full service TV stations in the New York market without displacing any of the existing LPTV/translator stations in the area. Island included an illustrative DTV allotment table for the New York City area that would not use any of the existing LPTV and TV translator channels. Where feasible, a number of Island's proposals were incorporated in preparing the proposed DTV Table of Allotments included herein. As indicated in the Second Report/ Further Notice, it will likely be necessary that we require a significant number of low power stations, particularly those in the more congested areas of the nation, to make changes in their operation, including the possibility of ceasing operation, to avoid interference to new digital TV stations. This is true under any allotment plan that has been suggested for the implementation of DTV. Low power stations"B,**4" operate in spectrum now unoccupied by NTSC stations. Any DTV allotment plan requires that unoccupied spectrum to accommodate over 1900 new digital TV stations.  X-xA66. In general, LPTV and TV translator stations are carefully engineered to avoid causing interference to full service TV operations. For example, almost 50 percent of LPTV stations use directional antennas to provide service and avoid such interference. Reduced power and/or antenna gain are also used to achieve satisfactory operation. Stations operating in mountainous or hilly terrain often rely on terrain obstructions as a means of preventing interference. The task of analyzing the impact of DTV on LPTV and TV translator stations is extremely complex and station specific. Because of this, we can only approximate the number of LPTV stations that would be affected or have to cease operation because of new  X -DTV operations.C oe X| -ԍ We note that it may be possible for some affected stations to resolve interference by changing their operation in some way (relocation, changing channel, reducing power or modifying antenna gain/pattern) rather than cease operation. Since we are not in a position to determine whether such changes are possible, we have not attempted to differentiate between these two impacts. Based on the proposed DTV Table, we estimate that about 55 to 65 percent of existing LPTV operations and about 80 to 90 percent of all TV translators would  X -be able to continue to operate.Dv oe X-ԍ While the actual criteria for controlling interference between LPTV and DTV will be based on specific desired to undesired (D/U) signal levels and the actual technical parameters of each station, we believe that a satisfactory estimate of impact can be derived from a more simple "separation distance" approach. Our estimates of low power impact are based on a cochannel separation distance of 70 to 80 miles and an adjacent channel separation of 60 to 70 miles. In general, operations in or near major TV markets would be affected to a greater degree than operations in other areas. Furthermore, these estimates are based on the expected impact of new DTV operations and do not take into account our spectrum recovery proposals. We note, for example, that about 17 percent of all LPTV and TV translator stations would be affected by recovery of channels60-69. However, it should be noted that channels 6069 are used for DTV allotments in a number of instances and some impact on low power operations on these channels would occur even absent our spectrum recovery effort. We also note that many current TV channels have fewer than 100 LPTV or TV translator stations nationwide, while many other channels have significantly more than 100 such stations. We therefore believe that with more intensive utilization of the remaining channels, it should be possible to accommodate many LPTV and TV translator operations that are displaced. Accordingly, while we recognize that the implementation of DTV service and our spectrum recovery proposals are likely to have a significant impact on low power stations, we believe on balance that the benefits and innovations to be derived from these actions outweigh this impact.  Xe-xB67. At the same time, we continue to recognize the benefits that low power stations provide to the public. LPTV stations have increased the diversity of television programming and station ownership, and serve many rural and urban ethnic communities. TV translators are used to provide TV service to communities located in areas of mountainous terrain and to" [ D,**\" provide "fillin" service to shadowed areas within a full service stations service area. We therefore desire to minimize the impact of our DTV allotment and spectrum recovery proposals on low power TV operations. In view of these considerations and keeping with the  X-decisions made in the Second Report/Further Notice, we are maintaining our proposal to continue to permit displaced low power stations to apply for a suitable replacement channel in  X-the same area without being subject to competing applications.E_oe X-ԍ See Second Report/Further Notice, at para. 45. The Commission's rules now permit special relief for authorized stations in the LPTV service having an actual or predicted interference conflict with a TV broadcast station or protected land mobile radio service. In that event, a station licensee or permittee may immediately file an application for a change in output channel, together with other changes necessary to avoid interference. Provided, such an application is acceptable for filing, it may be granted without opportunity for the filing of  X| -competing applications. See 47 CFR. 73.3572. We will extend this relief measure to LPTV and TV translator licensees and permittees whose facilities have or would be predicted to conflict with a DTV station operation. To insure the most effective use of this policy, we propose that applications for such "displacement" relief could be filed at such time as there would be a reasonable expectation of displacement; for example, upon the filing of an application by a full service broadcaster for a DTV channel that would conflict with operation of the LPTV or TV translator station. Moreover, we will permit low power stations to operate until a displacing DTV station or a new primary service provider is operational. We will also permit low power stations to file nonwindow displacement relief applications to change their operating parameters to cure or prevent interference caused to or received from a  X -DTV station or other protected service.'F oe XG-ԍ LPTV and TV translator stations would be allowed to continue to operate provided they protected full service DTV operations in accordance with the desiredtoundesired signal ratios used for modifications to the DTV Table of Allotments (see Appendix A).'  Xy-xC68. We also propose to permit low power TV operations on channels outside the core  Xb-digital TV spectrum area.Gbr oe X-ԍ In this regard, we believe that permitting such operations on these channels will provide additional relief for low power broadcasters until the end of the transition period when other spectrum within the core region will become available. Such operations would, however, continue to be on a secondary basis and would have to avoid interference to any full service DTV or NTSC stations or to any new primary service operations. While we are proposing that LPTV and TV translator stations remain secondary to other new primary uses of this spectrum, we also request comment on whether new service providers should be required to compensate existing LPTV and TV translator licensees for their existing investment or for their move to another channel if such a move is possible.  X-xD69. Despite these measures, a number of LPTV stations would still be forced to cease operation in order to avoid interference to new DTV channels. We seek to explore other policies that would preserve access to LPTV programming. Are there ways for low power stations to obtain carriage on new DTV stations or other video distributors? For example, in"eG,**" view of the ATSC DTV system's multiple programming capability, should the Commission consider incentives to encourage fullservice digital stations to find ways to accommodate LPTV and TV translator stations? Similarly, should the Commission consider incentives to encourage carriage of LPTV stations on cable systems beyond the requirements set forth in Section 614(c) of the Communications Act?  Xv-xE70. We seek comment on any and all means of lessening the impact on low power TV and TV translator stations. In so doing, we invite the LPTV and TV translator communities to identify workable means of preserving existing LPTV service to the extent possible and providing a digital migration path for LPTV and TV translator stations. If we were to adopt the core approach described above, we could also set aside a few frequencies between channels 52 and 59 specifically for use by displaced LPTV stations. If such frequencies were used for digital services, each channel could accommodate a number of LPTV broadcasters. Use of such channels by low power stations, as a guard band, could  X -reduce the potential for interference to any future nonbroadcast operations.H oe X7-ԍ See comments of the Community Broadcasters Association in response to the Fourth  X -Further Notice.  X-xF71. Currently, the rules do not permit low power and TV translator stations to operate  Xy-on certain channels within specified distances of full service stations.cIyboe X-ԍ See Section 74.705 of the rules, 47 CFR 74.705.c For example, a UHF low power or TV translator station is not permitted to operate on a channel that is seven channels above a full service station unless the low power station is located 100 kilometers or more from that station. There are similar restrictions for other UHF channels. While these restrictions are generally needed to protect against interference, in many instances interference would not occur between the stations due to terrain or other factors. The current LPTV interference protection rules, however, do not allow for terrain shielding and other mechanisms, such as colocation of adjacent channel stations. We do, however, permit applicants for LPTV and TV translator stations to request a waiver of the rules to take terrain  X-shielding and other mechanisms into account.JJoe Xn-ԍ Generally, an applicant for a low power TV or TV translator station may support a terrain waiver request by obtaining the assent of a potentially affected station or, alternatively, by submitting an engineering study, based on terrain profiles, which demonstrates that  X)!-interference would not occur due to the effects of the terrain. See Commission Policy  X"-Regarding Terrain Shielding, 3 FCC Rcd 2664 (1988), recon granted in part, 3 FCC Rcd  X"-7105 (Terrain Shielding Policy Statement); see also, First Report and Order in MM Docket No. 93114, 9 FCC Rcd 2555 (1994), which broadened the scope of the LPTV terrain waiver policy. In order to provide low power operations with additional flexibility, we propose to allow any low power operation that is adversely affected by the implementation of DTV or our spectrum recovery efforts to take terrain and other appropriate engineering factors into account in finding replacement channels. We propose to permit such low power stations to use any available channel provided interference is not caused to any authorized full service NTSC or DTV operations or to other authorized"7% J,**" low power operations. Applications that rely on terrain shielding to avoid interference would need to be supported by the written assent of the operator of the potentially affected station or service or, alternatively, an engineering analysis showing that interference to the offair reception of the DTV station or other primary service would not be likely due to terrain shielding. We also request comment on any other actions we could take that would provide low power stations, where necessary, with additional flexibility to find replacement channels.  X_-xG72. We also ask for comment on whether, once DTV channels have been allotted to full service television broadcasters, should licensed LPTV stations be afforded a window of opportunity to seek "primary" use of DTV channels; that is, ahead of new broadcast entrants? If so, should such stations be permitted to seek full service DTV licenses or facilities that would replicate their LPTV coverage areas? How should we proceed in areas where there would be more LPTV stations than available channels? Should we allow multiple LPTV licensees to share a DTV channel, by multiplexing their signals? Given the large numbers of stations in the LPTV service, should we consider such a provision only for certain LPTV stations; for example, those which meet the programming and public interest requisites for LPTV cable must carry, as set forth in the 1992 Cable Act?  Xb-D. Use of TV Channels 3, 4 and 6  X4-xH73. In the Second Further Notice, we observed that if we decide to use the VHF channels for DTV, there could be potential for interference to cable terminal devices (settop boxes) and videocassette recorders (VCRs) if channels 3 and 4, at 6066 MHz and 6672 MHz respectively, were used in the same area. These devices typically use either channel 3 or 4 for their output signal and could be vulnerable to interference if there were an offtheair signal present on the same channel as their output signal. We therefore proposed to avoid the allotment of both Channels 3 and 4 within the same community wherever possible. We also  X-noted that we would need to protect against possible interference from TV channel 6 operations, at 8288 MHz, to FM radio service on FM channel 253, at 98.5 MHz and to TV channel 6 from FM radio service on noncommercial educational FM channels 201220, in the 8892 MHz band. We therefore proposed to make DTV allotments to TV channel 6 only where there is no other readily available allotment opportunity that would meet the minimum  X -spacing requirements.}K oe X-ԍ The sample Table included in the Second Further Notice did not use channel 6.} For cases where it might be necessary to use channel 6, we proposed to apply an appropriate standard similar to that currently specified in the rules to protect  X-against interference between NTSC Channel 6 and FM radio.Lvyoe X#-ԍ The rules regulating TV channel 6 and FM radio interference are set forth in 47 CFR 73.207(c), 73.525 and 73.610(f). TV channel 6 is restricted with respect to the IF separation to FM channel 253 (Section 73.610(f) of the rules). Commercial FM stations on channel 253 and noncommercial educational FM stations on FM channels 201220 must protect TV channel 6. There are no restrictions on new TV channel 6 stations or changes with respect to FM channels 201220. "L,**"Ԍ X-xI74. Proposal. We are maintaining our proposals to avoid use of both channels 3 and 4 for DTV service in the same community wherever possible and to make DTV allotments to TV channel 6 only where there is no other readily available allotment opportunity that would meet the minimum spacing requirements. We also propose to maintain our plan to apply an appropriate standard similar to that currently specified in the rules to protect against interference between NTSC Channel 6 and FM radio. While we do not have specific data with regard to interference between DTV and FM operations, we believe that the current standards to protect against interference between FM radio and NTSC TV stations should be sufficient to avoid interference between DTV and FM service.  X -E. Land Mobile Sharing  X -xJ75. In the Second Further Notice, we also set forth proposals for protecting against possible interference between DTV stations and land mobile operations on TV broadcast frequencies in certain areas. The rules authorize land mobile sharing operations on frequencies in the range of UHF channels 1420, which occupy the 470512 MHz band, in 13  X-urbanized areas, the Gulf of Mexico offshore region and Hawaii.Mboe X -ԍ See 47 CFR 2.106, Notes NG66, NG114 and NG127. The 13 urbanized areas where UHF channels may be used for land mobile operations and the channels set aside for such operations in those areas are: TV Channel  X-xNew YorkNortheastern New JerseyVVJ14,15  X-xLos Angeles hh@VVJ14, 16, 20  Xh-xChicagoNorthwestern Indiana@VVJ14, 15  XQ-xPhiladelphia, PANew Jersey@VVJ19, 20  X:-xDetroit, MI@ @  hh@VVJ15, 16  X#-xSan FranciscoOakland, CAhh@VVJ16, 17  X -xBoston, MA@ @  hh@VVJ14, 16  X-xWashington, DCMarylandVirginiaVVJ17, 18  X-xPittsburgh, PA hh@VVJ14, 18  X-xCleveland, OH hh@VVJ14, 15  X-xMiami, FL@ @  hh@VVJ14  X-xHouston, TX hh@VVJ17  X -xDallas, TX@ @  hh@VVJ16 We therefore proposed to allow DTV stations to operate at cochannel and adjacent channel spacings to the citycenter of land mobile operations as close as 250 km (155 miles) and 176 km (110 miles), respectively. We also noted that some additional conditions may be necessary in those few instances where these spacing distances cannot be met. We also noted that our existing border agreements with Canada preclude activation of land mobile stations on channels 15 and 16 in Detroit and channels 14 and 15 in Cleveland and proposed to make these channels available for allotment purposes in those markets.  X-xK76. Proposal. We believe that our earlier proposed spacing approach remains appropriate for regulating interference between DTV stations and existing land mobile" M,**" operations. Based on performance of the ATSC DTV system, the cochannel and adjacent  X-channel spacing requirements proposed in the Second Further Notice should provide a conservative measure of protection for both DTV and land mobile operations. We will therefore continue to propose to permit DTV stations to operate at cochannel and adjacent channel spacings to the citycenter of land mobile operations as close as 250 km (155 miles) and 176 km (110 miles), respectively. We will also maintain our proposal to make channels 15 and 16 in Detroit and channels 14 and 15 in Cleveland available for DTV allotment purposes. We request comment on these proposals. We specifically invite comment and suggestions regarding the additional conditions that would be applied in cases where the proposed spacing standards cannot be met and the manner in which such conditions should be applied to achieve an appropriate balance between DTV and land mobile interests.  X -xL77. The DTV Table proposed herein assumes that channel 20 would remain available for land mobile operations in Philadelphia. However, we note that the broadcast industry, in developing sample DTV plans, has assumed that the land mobile use of channel 20 in Philadelphia would be eliminated and that this frequency would be available for DTV purposes. We recognize that the elimination of channel 20 for land mobile operations in Philadelphia could significantly reduce the interference among TV stations in the congested northeast corridor. At the same time, we also recognize that there are a substantial number of  XK-land mobile operations licensed in the Philadelphia area.NKoe X-ԍ Over 600 licenses have been granted for land mobile use of channel 20 in the Philadelphia area. We request comment on the impact of eliminating channel 20 use for land mobile service in Philadelphia and on whether the reduction in broadcast service interference would outweigh the benefits of maintaining channel 20 for land mobile in Philadelphia. We further request comment on what alternatives are available for accommodating the existing land mobile operations and to what extent broadcasters should be required to assist in such a reaccommodation if we were to recover channel 20 in Philadelphia for broadcast use.  X-F. DTV Frequency Labeling Plan  Xe-xM78. Under the DTV core spectrum option presented above, the core spectrum for DTV service would occupy the frequencies now used by NTSC channels 751. It would seem appropriate to establish a new labeling scheme for the DTV frequencies, so that TV frequencies in the future would not begin with "Channel 7." We request proposals and comments relating to an appropriate frequency labeling scheme for DTV service. We encourage interested parties to be creative in their proposals. In this regard, we do not intend to limit our consideration to approaches that only use numerical designations. In considering this matter, we note that the most obvious approach would be to simply renumber NTSC channels 751 as channels 145 for DTV service. However, it might be simpler, more appropriate and ultimately less confusing to viewers to whom the term "channel" implies a single stream of video programming to employ a different designation format for DTV  Xh$-channels that clearly indicated that a channel would carry DTV service.FOh$boe X{)-ԍ See n. 4, supra.F For example, we"h$!O,**F#" could use a prefix such as "D" for digital or DTV before each channel number or we could start numbering DTV channels at 101. Another approach would be to use alphabetic  X-designators, i.e., channels A, B, C ... AA, BB, CC, etc. This would allow broadcasters to label multiplexed programming, channels A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, etc. Another approach for labeling or numbering of DTV channels could be to use a scheme similar to that used for FM  X-radio. Such an approach would permit broadcasters to use the center frequency of the DTV  Xv-channel, or an abbreviated center channel designation in combination with a call sign, e.g., channels 19 and 20 might be called 503 MHz and 509 MHz or "WXXX500" and "WYYY510."  X -xN79. The establishment of a new basic designation format for DTV channels plan might also help to highlight the channels of DTV stations for viewers during the transition period. We believe it is important that the DTV channel designators be kept as brief as possible, as a matter of convenience for stations, viewers and those who provide program listings. We therefore ask that suggestions for the DTV channel numbering plan minimize both the length and complexity of the channel designators. For purposes of the DTV Table of Allotments proposed herein, we will continue to use the equivalent NTSC channel designations for DTV channels. V. ALLOTMENT METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH  X-A. Technical Performance of the DTV System  X-xO80. Proposal. In the early stages of this proceeding, studies by our staff indicated that in order to accommodate all existing stations with a DTV channel it would be necessary to locate some cochannel DTV operations at distances to other NTSC and other DTV stations as  X-close as 160 km (100 miles), with perhaps a very few stations at slightly closer spacings.bPoe X -ԍ See "Interim Report: Estimate of the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced  X-Television (ATV) in the Existing Broadcast Television Bands," supra; and, "Interim Report:  X-Further Studies on the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced Television," supra.b Our staff studies further indicated that to achieve full accommodation it will be necessary to colocate or reduce spacings between adjacent channels in some instances and to eliminate  XN-many of the UHF taboo restrictions.<QvNKoe XJ!-ԍ Other FCC staff studies of NTSC receiver performance and spectrum availability also  X3"-indicated that it appeared possible to use the UHF taboo channels for DTV service. See "Analyses of UHF TV Receiver Interference Immunities Considering Advanced Television  X$-Service," FCC/OET TM882 (August 1988); see also "Interim Report: Estimate of the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced Television (ATV) in the Existing Broadcast Television  X%-Bands," supra.< The information from these studies was used in designing the performance capabilities and interference characteristics of the ATSC DTV  X -system. We propose to use the performance characteristics of the ATSC DTV system in developing DTV allotments and have used these characteristics in developing the proposed" " Q,**="  X-DTV Table of Allotments set forth herein.Rvoe Xy-ԍ The system performance capabilities and planning factors include: 1) the signaltonoise ratio (S/N) defining the outer limit of service; 2) cochannel desiredtoundesired interference ratios (D/U) for DTVtoDTV, DTVtoNTSC and NTSCtoDTV signals; and, 3) the upper and lower adjacent channel D/U ratios for these same signal relationships. The specific system performance characteristics of the ATSC DTV system used in the development of the proposed Table are presented in Appendix A. We request comment on our proposal to use the performance capabilities and interference characteristics of the ATSC DTV system in developing the DTV Table of Allotments.  X-B. Methodology for Allotting DTV Frequencies  Xv-xP81. In the Second Further Notice, we proposed to allot DTV channels using geographical spacing criteria in the same manner that we currently allot NTSC TV and FM  XH-radio channels.SHoe X-ԍ See Second Further Notice, at paras. 2530; see also 47 CFR 73.207 and 73.610. These spacing criteria would specify the minimum permissible distance between stations operating on the same or adjacent channels.  X -xQ82. Proposal. We are now proposing to revise our methodology and approach for developing the DTV Table of Allotments. In particular, we are now proposing to create DTV allotments based on evaluation of service replication and interference considerations, rather than minimum spacing standards. We believe this new approach for allotting digital TV channels will better meet our policy objectives of full accommodation, spectrum recovery, and service replication/maximization. The proposed methodology first identifies a list of available candidate DTV channels for each existing NTSC station using a threshold minimum spacing measure. As noted above, our earlier studies indicated that spacings as close as 97 miles will be necessary to achieve full accommodation. Our proposed methodology therefore identifies the candidate DTV channels for each existing NTSC station as all available channels at the station's location that would have a cochannel separation of at least 97 miles. Next, each of the candidate channels is evaluated with regard to its ability to replicate the coverage of the existing station and the interference caused to other stations. The computer model selects DTV allotments from the candidate channels using an optimization process. This process optimizes the DTV allotments based on the channels that best replicate the existing service  X-areas while minimizing interference.wToe X"-ԍ We note that our replication proposal automatically takes into account station differences resulting from the different spacing standards in Zones I, II and III. The use of Zones in allotting TV broadcast channels is described in Sections 73.609 and 73.610 of the  X$-rules, see 47 CFR 73.609 and .610.w  X|-xR83. The engineering evaluations for determining service coverage area and interference are computed using appropriate propagation models, technical planning factors recommended by the Advisory Committee and the measured performance characteristics of"N## T,**"  X-the ATSC DTV system.Uoe Xy-ԍ A description of the propagation models and service area planning factors are included with the system performance data in Appendix A. These evaluations consider the potential for interference between stations, particularly between stations operating on the same channel (cochannel interference)  X-and stations operating on channels one frequency apart (adjacent channel interference).V boe X-ԍ The degree to which television stations interfere with one another depends in part on the ability of TV receivers to reject undesired signals in favor of a desired signal. The common measure of interference between stations is the ratio of the desired signal to the undesired signal (D/U ratio). Depending on receiver characteristics, unacceptable interference will occur when the D/U ratio between signals exceeds some level that is determined through testing. The D/U level at which unacceptable interference occurs varies depending on the channel relationship of the desired and undesired signals. In general, interference between stations can be managed by limiting the power of their signals, the height of their transmitting antennas and the distance between their transmitter locations. In the case of NTSC TV service, the Commission has managed interference between stations by requiring that the locations of cochannel and adjacent stations meet minimum geographic separation standards. In addition, while our earlier studies had indicated that UHF taboo restrictions would not be needed for DTV allotments, the test results for the ATSC DTV system now indicate that  X-certain taboo restrictions should be applied between DTV and NTSC operations.W-oe Xk-ԍ In addition to the cochannel and adjacent channel interference concerns, it is possible for stations operating on certain other combinations of channels, principally in the UHF band,  X=-to interfere with one another. Allocation constraints on these combinations (e.g., channels +/ 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, etc.) are known as UHF taboos. In particular, these tests indicate that interference could occur from DTV to NTSC stations within a station's service area Therefore, our evaluation takes into account possible interference from DTV service to NTSC service on channels 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 14 and 15 channels removed from the channel under evaluation. We request comment on this revised methodology for developing the DTV Table.  X -T VI. DTV TABLE OF ALLOTMENTS  X -A. Allotment Computer Software  Xy-xS84. The development of a table of digital TV allotments is an extremely difficult and complex engineering and computational task. To handle this task, the staff of the Commission's Office of Engineering and Technology has developed sophisticated operations research methodology and computer software for optimizing the allotment of DTV channels. In addition, our staff and industry have worked together to incorporate methodologies for calculating the service area and interference considerations that are required under a service replication allotment approach. We have used the allotment capabilities provided by this methodology and computer software in preparing the proposed DTV Table of Allotments presented below."$W,**S"Ԍ X-ԙxT85. The computer model developed by the FCC staff and industry generates DTV allotments that optimize and balance the various policy objectives and proposals discussed above. The computer software incorporates an operations research optimization methodology  X-known as "simulated annealing."X oe X4-ԍ See David S. Johnson, Cecilia R. Aragon, Lyle A. McGeoch and Catherine Schevon, "Optimization by Simulated Annealing: An Experimental Evaluation, Part II (Graph Coloring  X-and Number Partitioning)," Operations Research, Vol. 39, MayJune 1991. In addition to the simulated annealing software, the staff has obtained software that incorporates a method known as "Lagrangian Relaxation." This method and its software implementation were developed by DecisionScience Applications, Inc. (DSA) under contract to the FCC. The DSA DTV allotment software is an extension of earlier work by DSA that produced the computer software used by the FCC to develop new FM radio allotments in MM Docket No.  X| -8090. The DSA software complements the simulated annealing software, and partial allotment solutions developed through either software package can be used in the other so that the two packages can be used together. This methodology employs a system of penalties that attach to conditions that fall short of specified objectives. The simulated annealing method seeks to minimize the sum of these penalties, or "costs," to achieve an optimum condition.  X_-xU86. The computer model permits the rapid computation and analysis of service area coverage provided by the NTSC and DTV systems, both on an overall cumulative basis and for individual stations. The service area of an individual NTSC station is defined as the area within the station's Grade B service contour, reduced by any interference; and is computed  X -based upon the actual transmitter location, power, and antenna height.Y oe XG-ԍ The Grade B contour of TV broadcast stations is defined in Section 73.683 of our  X0-rules, see 47 CFR 73.683. The service area of a DTV station is defined as the area contained within the station's noiselimited contour, reduced by the interference within that contour. DTV coverage calculations assume locations and antenna heights identical to those of the replicated companion NTSC station and power generally sufficient to achieve noiselimited coverage equal to the companion station's Grade B coverage.  Xb-xV87. As stated in the Second Further Notice, we recognize that there may be instances where the allotment of channels in specific local situations can best be resolved on a caseby X4-case basis.]Z4-oe X"-ԍ See Second Further Notice, at para. 51.] Our allotment software therefore is able to merge specific local designs into complete tables and, where necessary, make changes in other allotments to preserve a balance of the specified policy considerations. This capability will allow us to incorporate  X-allotment/pairing agreements that broadcasters may reach in any negotiated settlements.d[oe X~&-ԍ It may not always be possible to incorporate the allotments specified in a given local agreement into the overall Table and still meet the specified policy criteria. For this reason, all negotiated allotment/pairing agreements submitted by broadcasters will be carefully reviewed and evaluated by this Commission.d"%J[,**"Ԍ X-ԙB. Proposed DTV Allotments  X-xW88. A draft DTV Table of Allotments is presented in Appendix B. This Table shows DTV allotments and channels pairings for all eligible broadcast entities that would result from "core spectrum" option described above. The Table is a draft and we anticipate revisions. Our staff will work with broadcasters and other parties to revise the draft Table as appropriate. This Table is based on the allotment principles and engineering assumptions discussed above. Changes in any of these proposals may affect the individual allotments that appear on the Table. The draft DTV Table of Allotments is described below.  X -xX89. Full Accommodation.  The draft Table meets our primary objective of full  X -accommodation of all eligible broadcasters.\y oe X| -ԍ The single exception is Puerto Rico, where more than half the broadcasting channels are already allotted. (There are only 67 channels in the TV broadcast bands. Of these, 34 channels are operating or have been awarded construction permits and an application is on file for a 35th channel, all on an island whose size does not normally permit frequency reuse. Channel 37 is used for radio astronomy and therefore is not available for assignment to a broadcaster. This leaves 32 channels available as candidates for DTV allotments in Puerto Rico.) In developing the proposed allotments for Puerto Rico, we gave first priority to the operating stations. To make best use of the channels available, we included a DTV allotment of the same channel, 62, as that of the (ineligible) NTSC application in San Juan. The allotment is made to the station most distant (144 km or 90 miles) from San Juan, and the intervening terrain is mountainous. We were then left a small number of eligible stations having only construction permit status. Of the latter, only Fajardo channel 34 is in a multi Xh-station community. We therefore choose, as in the Second Further Notice, to provide Fajardo with only two DTV allotments for the three stations there. In making this choice, we also considered that Fajardo is at the east end of the island, which affords the best chance of duplicating a westend DTV channel through application of a casebycase engineering analysis. ] oe X-ԍ We also note that some of the channels specified in the draft table are not fully compliant with the existing U.S.Mexican agreement. We will work with the Mexican government to clarify the status of DTV allotments in border areas. The Table proposes 1578 new DTV  X -allotments in 878 communities in the continental U.S.^ oe X)!-ԍ The draft DTV Table also includes allotments for Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. With these additional allotments, the Table provides a total of 1990 allotments in 979 communities. This would provide a DTV allotment  X -for all eligible broadcasters as defined in the Second Report/Further Notice. In addition, the proposed Table allows for 140 additional DTV allotments for noncommercial use.  X-xY90. DTV Service Areas. The draft Table also fulfills our goals of service replication/maximization. In general, existing broadcasters would be provided with a DTV allotment that is capable of providing digital TV coverage of a geographic area that is comparable to their existing NTSC coverage. In fact, during the transition period, over 50%"K&^,**" of all existing broadcasters would receive a DTV allotment that fully replicates their existing service area; and more than 94% would receive an allotment that replicates at least 95% of their existing service area. We also believe that the draft Table meets our objective of minimizing new interference to NTSC service. For example, 96% of all NTSC stations would  X-receive less than 10% new interference from DTV operations._oe X-ԍ These estimates are based on terraindependent LongleyRice propagation models and assume that all NTSC and DTV stations are in operation. As indicated previously, some interference from DTV operations to NTSC service is unavoidable. Even in the case of the MSTV Table, which omits certain considerations that would affect interference, about 2% of all NTSC stations would receive more than 10% interference from DTV operations.   Xv-xZ91. Spectrum for DTV Allotments. The draft DTV Table also meets our spectrum goals of providing all eligible broadcasters with a suitable DTV allotment and for ensuring that the spectrum is used efficiently. Based on our analysis of the proposed Table, all eligible broadcasters eventually would have access to a suitable DTV frequency within the proposed  X -new spectrum area designated for digital TV, i.e., existing TV channels 751 in the frequency bands 174216 MHz and 470698 MHz; and, a total of 138 MHz of valuable VHF and UHF spectrum could be recovered eventually.  X -x[92. Specifically, the draft Table provides for the great majority of new DTV  X -allotments within the proposed new digital TV spectrum. 1392 of the 1578 new DTV allotments for existing eligible broadcasters in the continental U.S. are on TV channels 7 through 51. Of the 186 new allotments that are outside this core DTV spectrum area, 169 of these are paired with existing NTSC stations that are currently operating on TV channels 7 through 51. There are only 17 instances where both the new DTV allotment and the existing NTSC operation are on channels located outside the core DTV spectrum. Even in these cases, however, suitable channels within the core area will become available as NTSC operations cease and channels are recovered from other stations. We have asked above whether all costs associated with any second transition that is necessary to convert DTV operations from channels located outside of the core area to channels located in the core spectrum should be borne by the new user of the spectrum.  X-x\93. Other Allotment Considerations. The draft Table avoids use of TV channels 3, 4 and 6 for the reasons given above and no new DTV allotments are provided on these channels. With regard to land mobile sharing, all of the allotments contained in the proposed DTV Table would comply with the proposed 155 mile cochannel spacing requirement between DTV allotments and land mobile operations; but the proposed Table includes nine cases where DTV allotments would be located at distances less than 110 miles from the city X -center of an adjacent channel land mobile system.p`H oe X%-ԍ The nine cases where DTV allotments would be less than 110 miles from adjacent channel land mobile operations are: Channel 15, Los Angeles, CA (land mobile channels 14 and 16 in Los Angeles, CA) Channel 15, San Mateo, CA (land mobile channel 16 in San Francisco, CA)"{)_,**y)"Ԍ Channel 15, Providence, RI (land mobile channel 14 and 16 in Boston, MA) Channel 16, Frederick, MD (land mobile channel 17 in Washington, DC) Channel 16, Kenosha, WI (land mobile channel 15 in Chicago, IL) Channel 17, Manchester, NH (land mobile channel 16 in Boston, MA) Channel 18, Secaucus, NJ (land mobile channel 19 in Philadelphia, PA) Channel 18, Stockton, CA (land mobile channel 17 in San Francisco, CA) Channel 21, Vineland, NJ (land mobile channel 20 in Philadelphia, PA). p Nevertheless, while such geographical" '`,**" separations are desirable, we believe that there are engineering solutions available to handle any adjacent channel interference concerns between land mobile and DTV. f VII. ALLOTMENT MODIFICATIONS  Xv-A. Maximum and Minimum Station Facilities  XH-x]94. As indicated above, we are proposing to provide initial DTV allotments that will allow existing broadcasters to provide DTV service to a geographic area that replicates the service area of their existing NTSC station. The draft DTV Table of Allotments identifies an effective radiated power (ERP) and an antenna height above average terrain (HAAT) for each  X -DTV station.?a oe Xu-ԍ See Appendix B.? The antenna HAAT specified for each DTV allotment is the same as antenna HAAT of its associated NTSC station. The ERP for each allotment is then calculated to provide service area replication up to a maximum ERP of 5 megawatts. We also propose in the draft DTV Table the following minimum values for ERP: 1 kW for lower VHF channels, 3.2 kW for upper VHF channels, and 50 kW for UHF channels. This would ensure that smaller stations, if they desire, are able to expand their existing coverage as they transition to DTV. We request comment on this approach and on our proposed maximum and minimum ERP values.  X-x^95. We also believe that new stations that operate on DTV allotments created after the initial Table should also be authorized sufficient technical facilities to enable them to serve their communities of license as well as an area around those communities comparable to the service areas of typical NTSC stations. We are therefore proposing to specify a maximum permissible power of 316 kW effective radiated power and a maximum antenna height of 2000 feet height above average terrain for stations that operating on new DTV allotments created subsequent to the initial Table. Our proposed maximum permissible ERP and HAAT specifications for future DTV allotments would allow a station to serve a geographic area with a radius of up to 107 km (about 66 miles), which corresponds to the predicted Grade B service area of an NTSC station operating at maximum power and HAAT on a UHF channel. We observe that at antenna heights lower than the proposed 2000foot maximum, additional power would be needed to serve a geographic area of this size. We therefore are proposing to" ( a,**>" allow DTV stations to operate with higher ERP levels at lower antenna HAAT levels in  X-accordance with the following table:Kboe Xb-ԍ For antenna heights 1600 feet and below, the proposed maximum permissible power would be slightly less than the level needed to fully serve the area within a 107 km radius. This adjustment is necessary to avoid the potential for increasing interference to neighboring cochannel stations.K Proposed Maximum Allowable ERP and Antenna Height for Future DTV Stations O ddx ! ddx_)( ( O        m Antenna Height  HAAT (feet)  gEffective Radiated Power (kW)  q _  h  (2000 h Z316q q k  hh  (1900M h Z400q q   hh  (1800 h Z450q q M  hh  (1700/h Z500q q   hh  (1600h Z600q q / hh  (1500h Z700q q  hh  (1200h (1000q q  hh  (1000h (1500q q  hh  Z700dh (2500q   h  Z500 (3000  d We request comment on these proposals for the maximum technical facilities for future DTV stations.  X-x_96. Finally, we note that Section 73.614 of the rules provides formulas for calculating  X{-the maximum permissible ERP where a station's antenna exceeds the 2000 feet maximum.Bc{4c X`$-ԍ See 47 CFR 76.614.B We believe a similar approach would be appropriate for DTV stations. We request suggestions for the appropriate HAAT/power equivalency formulas to use for DTV stations. We also request comment on whether we should specify a minimum ERP for full service DTV stations in the same manner as we specify for NTSC stations in Section 73.614. "")c,**8""  X-B. Future Allotments and Modifications to the DTV Table  X-x`97. We request comment on what approach or approaches should be used for the purpose of adding future DTV allotments and modifying the initial DTV Table. Specifically, we request comment on whether an approach that uses minimum geographical spacing distances similar to what is now used for NTSC allotment changes or an approach that uses engineering criteria to show that the new allotment does not cause additional interference to other allotments or stations would be more appropriate for DTV.  X1-xa98. Geographic Spacing Approach. Spacing standards have proven to be an efficient and effective means for managing interference between NTSC stations and we believe that such an approach could be used to determine the technical acceptability of DTV channel allotments. We note that geographic spacing approach provides considerable flexibility in the specification of station operating parameters such as power and antenna height. Based on the engineering performance characteristics used in developing the initial DTV Table proposed herein, we have developed the following DTV spacing standards. If we adopt a geographical spacing approach, we would propose to permit the addition or modification of  Xy-DTV allotments provided such allotments meet the following spacing standards.jdyc X-ԍ Proposals for new DTV allotments would also be subject to other requirements and  X-standards for new allotments set forth in Sections 73.610 and 73.611 of our rules, see 47 CFR 73.610 and 73.611. The DTV to NTSC minimum spacing requirements would apply only during the transition period.j  XK- Channel Relationshiphh@Separation Requirement p @ hVL!p @ hVL! VHF Channels 713 dCochannel, DTV to DTV  X-dxpp @ @  Zone Ihh@152 miles (244.6 km)  X-dxpp @ @  Zones II & III@170 miles (273.6 km) dCochannel, DTV to NTSC  X-dxpp @ @  Zone I hh@152 miles (244.6 km)  X|-dxpp @ @  Zone II & III@170 miles (273.6 km) d "N*4d,**|" dAdjacent Channel  X-dxDTV to DTV hh@No allotments permitted between:  X-dxpp @ @  Zone Ihh@25 miles (40.2 km) and 60 miles (96.6 km)  X-dxpp @ @  Zones II & III@30 miles (48.3 km) and 60 miles (96.6 km)  X- dxDTV to NTSC  hh@No allotments permitted between:  Xv-dxpp @ @  Zone Ihh@7 miles (11.3 km) and 71 miles (114.3 km)  X_-dxpp @ @  Zone II & III@11 miles (17.7 km) and 91 miles (146.4 km) dxpp @ @  UHF Channels dCochannel, DTV to DTV  X -dxpp @ @  Zone I hh@122 miles (196.3 km)  X -dxpp @ @  Zone II & III@139 miles (223.7 km) dxpp @ @ dCochannel, DTV to NTSC  X-dxpp @ @  Zone Ihh@135 miles (217.3 km)  Xy-dxpp @ @  Zone II & III@152 miles (244.6 km) dxpp @ @  dAdjacent Channel  X4-dxDTV to DTV hh@No allotments permitted between:  X-dxpp @ @  All Zoneshh@20 miles (32.2 km) and 55 miles (88.5 km) dxpp @ @  hh@  X-dxDTV to NTSC hh@No allotments permitted between:  X-dxpp @ @  All Zoneshh@6 miles (9.7 km) and 55 miles (88.5 km) dxpp @ @ dxTaboo Channels, DTV to NTSC only  X-dx(+/ 2, +/ 3, +/ 4, +/ 5, hh@  X|-dx+/ 7, +/ 8, +/ 14 and hh@  Xe-dx+/ 15 channels) hh@No allotments permitted between:  XN-dxpp @ @  Zone Ihh@15 miles (24.1 km) and 50 miles (80.5 km)  X7-dxpp @ @  Zone II & III@15 miles (24.1 km) and 60 miles (96.6 km) dxpp @ @  p @ hVL!p @ hVL!  X-xb99. Engineering Criteria Approach. To satisfy the engineering allotment criteria, the petitioner would have to show that a station operating at the maximum permissible ERP and antenna height on the proposed allotment would not exceed the engineering interference criteria with regard to any other existing allotment. The engineering criteria would be specified in terms of desiredtoundesired signal ratios and would include consideration of potential interference to a station operating on the proposed allotment as well as potential interference from a station operating on the allotment to stations operating on other allotments. All evaluations of interference would be made under that assumption that stations on the allotments involved would be operating at the maximum allowed power and antenna height. We would use the same propagation models, technical planning factors and DTV system performance characteristics in performing engineering evaluations of interference that" (+d,**&"  X-we used in developing our proposals for the DTV Table and allotment spacing criteria.ec Xy-ԍ The propagation models, technical planning factors and ATSC DTV system performance characteristics are presented in Appendix A. The engineering evaluations would therefore examine possible interference between DTV service and between DTV and NTSC service on channels 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 14, and 15 channels removed from the channel under evaluation. We request comment all aspects of this alternative proposal for assessing the technical acceptability of additions or changes to the DTV Table of Allotments. We will also consider additional proposals for the standards by which we will assess the technical acceptability of requests for changes to the DTV Table. Such proposals should be accompanied by a description of how interference would be managed between stations, and include supporting technical analysis and data.  X -xc100. Use of Frequency Coordinators. Broadcasters have suggested that the Commission establish industry assignment coordinating committees to evaluate proposals for  X -postassignment changes to the table.|f bc X-ԍ See for example, MSTV filing in this proceeding submitted, January 13, 1995.| They state that evaluating and accommodating proposed changes to the DTV Table is a complex and technically challenging matter and that the current allotment /assignment processes are too cumbersome and litigious for this new DTV environment. They state that the Commission has used frequency coordinating committees in other areas and that they have proven to be effective. As proposed, the assignment coordinating committees would use objective engineering criteria to evaluate proposals for postassignment changes to the DTV Table; and, would be funded by licensee contributions. The assignment coordinators would make recommendations to the Commission about how to dispose of allotment/assignment proposals or would provide the Commission with the detailed coverage and interference data necessary to make these decisions.  X-xd101. We agree that an industry coordination process could be used effectively in the digital television broadcast area. Such committees could conserve the Commission's limited resources and could provide an efficient and effective means to resolve disputes that may arise with regard to proposed changes to the DTV Table of Allotments. We believe that having a coordinating committee evaluate proposed changes and resolve potential disputes among broadcasters prior to submission of such changes to the Commission may be appropriate. Given the dynamic changes that are likely to occur during the transition from NTSC to DTV, such a precoordination process by an industry assignment coordinating committee could provide for a smoother and more orderly processing of such changes by the Commission. We therefore invite industry to pursue the establishment of such a coordinating committee. We tentatively propose that such a committee would evaluate and provide advice to the Commission with regard to coordination of changes in allotments; the creation of new allotments; and, changes in authorized facilities (for both NTSC and DTV stations) that would impact other allotments/assignments. We invite comment on all aspects of this proposal. We also solicit comment on whether any statutory changes would be appropriate to facilitate our  X"-use of such committees.Qg"c XZ)-ԍSee for example, 47 U.S.C. 332 (b).Q "",g,**!"Ԍ  X-xe102. The proposed new service replication allotment methodology will, like our former proposal, result in a number of DTV allotments that are at distances to other DTV allotments and existing stations that are less than our proposed spacing standards. While such "shortspaced" or nonconforming allotments are necessary to achieve our full accommodation objective, we continue to believe that it is desirable to minimize the use of shortspacing and its effect on neighboring stations. We therefore are maintaining our proposal to make shortspaced or nonconforming allotments only during the initial assignment phase for existing stations, so that subsequent additions to the DTV Table for stations to be operated by new applicants would be required to comply with the minimum spacing or engineering requirements. We are also maintaining our proposal to delete all shortspaced allotments that have not been activated by an eligible broadcaster after the initial application period. For purposes of this proposal, an allotment would be considered shortspaced if it does not meet the spacing standards or engineering criteria for new DTV allotments. We request comment on this proposal. Interested parties are specifically asked to comment on the effect our proposal to delete shortspaced allotments would have on opportunities for new digital TV broadcast stations after the initial application period or after the transition. RVIII. PROCEDURAL MATTERSTP  X-xf103. This action is being taken pursuant to authority contained in Sections 4(i), 7, 301, 302, 303 and 307 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. Sections 154(i), 157, 301, 302, 303 and 307. This is a nonrestricted notice and comment rule making  X-proceeding. Ex parte presentations are permitted, except during the Sunshine Agenda period,  X-provided they are disclosed as provided in the Commission's rules. See generally 47 CFR Sections 1.1202, 1.1203, and 1.1206(a).  X|-xg104. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis. As required by Section 603 of the  Xe-Regulatory Flexibility Act,;hec X-ԍ 5 U.S.C. 603.; the Commission has prepared an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) of the expected impact on small entities of the proposals suggested in this document. The IRFA is set forth in Appendix C. Written public comments are requested on the IRFA. These comments must be filed in accordance with the same filing deadlines as comments on the rest of the Further Notice, but they must have a separate and distinct heading designating them as responses to the Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis.  X -xh105. Submission of Comments. Pursuant to applicable procedures set forth in Sections 1.415 and 1.419 of the Commission's Rules, 47 CFR Sections 1.415 and 1.419, interested parties may file comments on or before November 22, 1996, and reply comments on or before December 23 !rI0 , 1996. To file formally in this proceeding, you must file an original and five copies of all comments, reply comments, and supporting comments. If you want each Commissioner to receive a personal copy of your comments, you must file an original plus nine copies. You should send comments and reply comments to Office of the Secretary, Federal Communications Commission, Washington, D.C. 20554. Comments and"#'-yh,**%" reply comments will be available for public inspection during regular business hours in the FCC Reference Center, Room 239, 1919 M Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20554. You may also file comments electronically via the internet at dtvallotments@fcc.gov. B IX. ORDERING CLAUSES  X_-xi106. In accordance with the proposals and actions described herein, IT IS ORDERED, THAT the Commission WILL NOT ACCEPT additional applications for new NTSC stations that are filed after 30 days from the date of publication of this Further Notice in the Federal Register. The Commission will continue to process applications for new NTSC stations that are currently on file and any new such applications that are filed on or before 30 days from the date of publication of this Further Notice in the Federal Register in accordance with procedures and standards indicated herein. In addition, IT IS ORDERED THAT, effective immediately as of the close of business on the date of adoption of this Further Notice, the Commission WILL NOT ACCEPT any additional Petitions for Rule Making proposing to amend the existing TV Table of Allotments in Section 73.606(b) of its rules to add an allotment for a new NTSC station. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED THAT, effective immediately as of the close of business on the date of adoption of this Further Notice, the Commission WILL CONDITION the grant of any modifications of the technical parameters of existing full service NTSC stations on the outcome of this rule making proceeding.  X-xj107. For further information regarding this Notice of Proposed Rule Making, please send an electronic mail message via the internet to dtvallotments@fcc.gov, or contact Bruce Franca or Alan Stillwell, Office of Engineering and Technology, at (202) 4182470. xpp @ @  FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION xpp @ @  William F. Caton xpp @ @  Acting Secretary" .h,**"  / @A-@.APPENDIX A }TECHNICAL DATA k I. System Independent Planning Factors  Recommended by the Advisory Committee p @ hVL!p @ hVL!  XH-Planning Factor hh@Low VHFHigh VHFLLUHF  X -Geometric mean frequency (MHz)hh@VVJ69r 194LL615  X iDipole factor (dBmdBu) dB (Kd)hh@111.8r120.8 LL130.8  X iThermal noise (dBm) (Nt)hh@106.2r106.2LL106.2  X-Antenna Gain (dB) (G) hh@VVJ4r6LL10  Xb-Downlead line loss hh@VVJ1r2LL4 for 50 ft. (15 m.) of coax (dB) (L)  X-Fronttoback ratio (dB)hh@VVJ10*r12*LL14* (ratio of forward gain to maximum  X- response over rear 180o  XiReceiver noise figure (dB) (NR)hh@VVJ5**r5**LL10**  X-Time probability factor forhh@VVJ***r***LL*** 90% availability (dB) (dT)  XN-Location probability for (dL)hh@VVJ0r0LL0 50% availability (dB)  X -* For the receiving antenna manufacturer's objectives the values are 14, 16, and 20.  X-** Possible changes in the VHF figures are still under consideration.  X!-*** The time probability factor is defined as the difference F(50,10) minus F(50,50), where these two values are determined from the FCC charts in Section 73.699. This factor is a function of the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas. See "Fifth Interim Report of the Planning Subcommittee of the FCC Advisory Committee on Advanced Television Service," March, 1992"#'/h,**Q'"  II. ATSC DTV System Performance Capabilities T Tp @ hVL!Xhp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:h 99(#%" GA MACON 24 16 50.4 244.0 13788 454 13874 456 0.1 0.0 99.3 GA MACON 41 40 50.0 237.0 13015 432 12959 432 1.1 0.4 100.0 GA MACON 64 14 50.0 185.0 3009 263 2923 262 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA MONROE 63 26 365.4 363.0 20224 3121 19817 3104 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA PELHAM 14 17 371.1 378.0 20606 607 20564 606 5.7 18.1 100.0 GA PERRY 58 49 50.7 247.0 13979 459 13923 458 0.1 0.0 100.0 GA ROME 14 39 297.6 616.0 25523 3182 24599 3052 3.3 2.0 99.8 GA SAVANNAH 3 45 3179.3 451.0 42797 739 35355 654 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA SAVANNAH 9 15 1575.6 320.0 29935 643 25899 601 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA SAVANNAH 11 43 1545.1 445.0 37050 698 34769 670 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA SAVANNAH 22 31 280.6 436.0 23729 539 22657 519 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA THOMASVILLE 6 36 3793.7 619.0 52288 887 45945 842 0.0 0.0 100.0 GA TOCCOA 32 19 50.0 253.0 12105 443 11283 416 0.2 1.2 100.0 GA VALDOSTA 44 2 1.0 277.0 11708 236 11707 236 2.6 1.2 100.0 GA WAYCROSS 8 39 1565.7 314.0 29300 384 25403 336 0.2 0.1 99.9 GA WRENS 20 17 394.2 452.0 23220 582 22959 582 4.2 1.5 99.1 HI HILO 2 25 1.3 39.6 2195 59 2155 58 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HILO 4 35 4073.8 366.0 33483 112 30256 110 0.0 0.0 99.8 HI HILO 9 19 1.9 86.9 2444 58 2391 58 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HILO 11 21 11.5 42.4 4106 65 4051 65 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HILO 13 16 11.5 33.0 4106 65 4051 65 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HILO 14 18 0.1 44.2 572 44 751 46 0.0 0.0 75.6 HI HILO 32 31 43.7 366.0 17549 80 17557 80 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HILO 38 39 43.7 366.0 17549 80 17557 80 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HONOLULU 2 50 3162.3 151.8 10120 796 11517 836 0.0 0.0 87.1 HI HONOLULU 4 49 3162.3 33.0 11637 836 11185 836 0.0 0.0 99.9 HI HONOLULU 5 51 3801.9 629.0 52563 842 52476 842 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HONOLULU 9 22 501.2 132.9 8546 836 8484 836 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HONOLULU 11 18 245.5 131.4 7589 834 7519 836 0.0 0.0 99.7 HI HONOLULU 13 16 1122.0 33.0 9761 836 9683 836 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI HONOLULU 14 24 1.0 33.0 1929 717 1898 721 0.2 1.4 99.2 HI HONOLULU 20 19 19.1 622.0 20923 831 20876 836 0.0 3.7 100.0 HI HONOLULU 26 25 9.3 580.0 17512 836 17512 836 0.0 0.5 100.0 HI HONOLULU 32 31 2.1 130.5 2537 755 2501 754 0.9 0.0 99.9 HI KAILUA KONA 6 43 1659.6 887.0 54494 135 54363 145 0.0 0.0 99.9 HI LIHUE 8 3 2.2 305.0 22184 51 22184 51 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI LIHUE 21 12 0.2 305.0 17662 51 17541 51 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI LIHUE 27 10 0.2 305.0 17662 51 17557 51 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI LIHUE 67 46 43.7 366.0 17549 51 17557 51 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI WAILUKU 3 46 147.9 1814.0 54641 137 52313 138 0.0 0.0 99.6 HI WAILUKU 7 8 0.7 1811.0 42106 123 40173 121 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI WAILUKU 10 23 34.7 1811.0 42475 123 40768 121 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI WAILUKU 12 29 61.7 1763.0 46637 130 45250 128 0.0 0.0 99.8"?h 99(#%" HI WAILUKU 15 17 52.5 1723.0 44403 127 0.0 0.0 42954 123 0.0 0.0 100.0 HI WAILUKU 21 20 1.8 33.0 2389 85 2364 85 7.4 6.0 99.4 HI WAILUKU 27 28 43.7 366.0 17547 100 17557 100 0.0 0.0 99.9 HI WAILUKU 33 34 43.7 366.0 17549 100 17557 100 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA AMES 5 30 3917.7 564.0 50299 990 41527 886 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA BURLINGTON 26 43 50.0 96.0 3549 89 3540 89 3.2 1.2 100.0 IA CEDAR RAPIDS 2 42 3190.6 442.0 40662 867 35268 782 0.0 0.0 99.8 IA CEDAR RAPIDS 9 14 1757.8 607.0 44933 968 35214 773 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA CEDAR RAPIDS 28 27 111.9 209.0 11975 372 11254 350 0.6 0.2 100.0 IA CEDAR RAPIDS 48 47 174.1 323.0 16673 526 16588 525 1.0 4.4 100.0 IA COUNCIL BLUFFS 32 33 50.0 98.0 6247 640 5713 628 8.5 9.9 100.0 IA DAVENPORT 6 41 3188.0 408.0 39303 1175 32652 967 0.0 0.0 99.7 IA DAVENPORT 18 21 133.6 168.0 9872 487 9745 483 0.1 0.0 100.0 IA DAVENPORT 36 55 50.0 65.0 744 259 744 259 4.3 1.3 100.0 IA DES MOINES 8 19 1750.8 591.0 45577 918 35645 835 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA DES MOINES 11 10 8.6 600.0 41306 882 39288 869 0.3 0.2 95.8 IA DES MOINES 13 29 1758.4 600.0 45164 915 38149 853 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA DES MOINES 17 26 209.8 463.0 21665 681 21533 680 0.1 0.0 100.0 IA DES MOINES 63 50 254.4 550.0 22871 696 22775 696 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA DUBUQUE 40 11 3.2 256.0 12699 223 12199 218 17.0 11.8 100.0 IA FORT DODGE 21 25 77.5 355.0 19278 198 19271 198 0.9 0.5 100.0 IA IOWA CITY 12 44 1544.1 439.0 36204 1046 31774 927 0.1 0.2 100.0 IA MASON CITY 3 51 3392.4 472.0 42627 749 32567 518 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA MASON CITY 24 18 94.9 436.0 19034 261 18946 260 1.8 1.1 100.0 IA OTTUMWA 15 31 120.4 363.0 18253 302 18162 299 2.9 3.4 100.0 IA RED OAK 36 35 121.0 475.0 20157 744 19119 697 1.7 10.5 99.8 IA SIOUX CITY 4 46 3917.7 585.0 50534 660 39289 479 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA SIOUX CITY 9 31 1721.6 616.0 45594 592 38557 465 0.0 0.0 100.0 IA SIOUX CITY 14 22 50.0 351.0 17104 238 17039 237 4.8 1.8 100.0 IA SIOUX CITY 27 28 280.7 326.0 18867 250 18651 250 0.6 0.7 99.9 IA WATERLOO 7 16 1758.1 604.0 44134 935 36392 763 0.0 0.0 99.9 IA WATERLOO 32 33 410.0 579.0 28464 707 28005 675 1.7 1.6 100.0 ID BOISE 2 26 2292.1 777.0 45704 393 50757 396 0.0 0.0 90.0 ID BOISE 4 50 1985.0 754.0 42898 392 48584 395 0.0 0.0 88.3 ID BOISE 7 21 998.3 808.0 39418 390 38622 389 0.0 0.0 99.7 ID CALDWELL 9 10 5.4 805.0 27363 386 25797 385 0.1 0.0 99.9 ID COEUR D'ALENE 26 56 50.0 465.0 5479 242 4408 158 0.0 0.0 100.0 ID IDAHO FALLS 3 47 3832.6 488.0 38053 234 40957 237 0.0 0.0 92.5 ID IDAHO FALLS 8 9 8.3 463.0 35671 232 33924 230 0.3 0.1 100.0 ID LEWISTON 3 46 3429.1 384.0 25661 134 28300 139 0.0 0.0 84.8 ID MOSCOW 12 5 3.2 346.0 29101 156 26457 152 0.0 0.0 98.9 ID NAMPA 6 25 2105.2 811.0 45424 393 47939 393 0.0 0.0 93.1 ID NAMPA 12 18 895.8 829.0 39391 392 37416 390 0.0 0.0 100.0"@h 99#%" ID POCATELLO 6 41 5000.0 466.0 33448 266 35451 260 0.0 0.0 89.3 ID POCATELLO 10 17 571.8 465.0 30096 229 28382 228 0.1 0.0 100.0 ID TWIN FALLS 11 15 1788.9 323.0 28304 131 26750 129 0.0 0.0 100.0 ID TWIN FALLS 13 16 53.4 161.0 11399 101 11318 101 0.0 0.0 100.0 ID TWIN FALLS 35 34 50.0 164.0 3166 66 3147 66 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL AURORA 60 47 413.1 494.0 27700 8419 27835 8417 0.1 0.0 99.4 IL BLOOMINGTON 43 42 50.0 293.0 15347 597 15068 562 2.2 0.9 99.9 IL CARBONDALE 8 10 5.2 268.0 24165 650 21513 531 0.0 0.0 97.6 IL CHAMPAIGN 3 36 4368.3 287.0 33506 909 23457 719 2.9 0.7 100.0 IL CHAMPAIGN 15 41 50.0 396.0 16496 430 16361 425 0.1 0.0 99.9 IL CHARLESTON 51 31 50.0 70.0 3110 75 3110 75 3.6 1.6 100.0 IL CHICAGO 2 48 919.7 418.0 31419 8574 22376 8180 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL CHICAGO 5 29 458.9 494.0 30591 8481 27981 8315 6.7 0.7 99.6 IL CHICAGO 7 25 227.2 515.0 28937 8459 27401 8355 2.5 0.1 100.0 IL CHICAGO 9 19 470.8 415.0 26927 8382 26310 8322 5.1 0.7 97.3 IL CHICAGO 11 69 253.5 497.0 28816 8451 25872 8210 3.4 0.1 100.0 IL CHICAGO 20 3 1.0 378.0 18070 7917 16549 7875 1.3 0.2 98.6 IL CHICAGO 26 27 119.7 472.0 21751 8172 21592 8144 1.2 0.2 99.7 IL CHICAGO 32 31 407.6 430.0 23824 8306 23381 8283 3.6 0.6 100.0 IL CHICAGO 38 21 374.0 381.0 21891 8103 21844 8103 0.5 0.2 99.9 IL CHICAGO 44 65 328.9 433.0 23036 8250 22991 8248 3.8 0.6 100.0 IL DECATUR 17 58 379.5 393.0 21739 809 21190 800 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL DECATUR 23 22 99.8 314.0 13380 603 13157 593 0.9 0.3 100.0 IL EAST ST. LOUIS 46 47 366.9 345.0 20179 2565 20092 2572 1.6 0.6 99.7 IL FREEPORT 23 53 50.0 219.0 11729 696 11607 690 5.6 4.1 99.9 IL HARRISBURG 3 43 3959.6 302.0 34698 762 24899 571 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL JACKSONVILLE 14 15 50.0 94.0 3206 51 3206 51 5.9 1.4 100.0 IL JOLIET 66 43 378.8 393.0 20290 8172 20264 8172 0.0 0.0 99.9 IL LASALLE 35 10 3.2 418.0 19023 1216 18021 764 3.6 9.7 99.0 IL MACOMB 22 23 50.0 158.0 4238 55 4190 55 2.4 1.6 100.0 IL MARION 27 17 135.0 233.0 13330 355 13248 352 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL MOLINE 8 34 1597.7 308.0 28878 953 24657 840 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL MOLINE 24 49 50.0 98.0 4397 338 4370 337 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL MOUNT VERNON 13 18 1699.9 302.0 29177 732 21226 445 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL OLNEY 16 29 50.0 283.0 14955 222 14962 222 0.7 0.4 99.9 IL PEORIA 19 16 94.9 194.0 13039 554 12425 534 4.8 0.9 99.6 IL PEORIA 25 28 111.2 207.0 14513 567 14495 567 4.2 1.0 100.0 IL PEORIA 31 30 84.6 195.0 11946 542 11705 539 1.6 0.2 100.0 IL PEORIA 47 57 54.6 216.0 13408 556 13354 555 2.9 0.9 100.0 IL PEORIA 59 39 50.0 178.0 7106 449 7092 448 0.5 0.2 100.0 IL QUINCY 10 38 2938.4 238.0 26865 313 24074 296 1.0 0.2 100.0 IL QUINCY 16 32 50.0 302.0 14010 186 13833 186 2.5 1.9 100.0 IL QUINCY 27 19 50.0 173.0 3850 101 3835 101 11.0 6.3 100.0"Ah 99(#%" IL ROCK ISLAND 4 46 3188.0 408.0 39506 1206 32465 1018 0.0 0.0 99.9 IL ROCKFORD 13 45 3159.1 216.0 24086 1399 18848 932 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL ROCKFORD 17 54 50.0 204.0 11228 680 11057 670 0.3 0.1 100.0 IL ROCKFORD 39 59 50.0 176.0 11588 690 11460 683 0.7 0.2 99.9 IL SPRINGFIELD 20 40 77.9 436.0 22088 583 20591 558 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL SPRINGFIELD 49 50 50.0 189.0 5689 230 5689 230 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL SPRINGFIELD 55 45 115.9 439.0 23615 644 23483 640 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL URBANA 12 33 1642.3 302.0 29091 972 22983 827 0.0 0.0 100.0 IL URBANA 27 26 159.9 139.0 10989 325 11034 326 3.8 1.1 99.6 IN ANGOLA 63 12 3.2 144.0 11448 607 11378 601 0.0 0.0 100.0 IN BLOOMINGTON 4 47 1900.6 357.0 31797 2070 25233 1800 1.6 1.2 99.8 IN BLOOMINGTON 30 14 50.0 216.0 12044 479 11891 477 2.1 1.8 100.0 IN BLOOMINGTON 42 27 362.7 317.0 15528 1567 14603 1522 0.4 0.1 100.0 IN BLOOMINGTON 63 46 92.9 328.0 18280 1602 18093 1600 1.4 0.2 100.0 IN ELKHART 28 58 368.8 335.0 20750 1271 20397 1202 3.1 6.5 99.9 IN EVANSVILLE 7 28 1631.3 305.0 28972 795 26374 760 0.0 0.0 100.0 IN EVANSVILLE 9 57 3437.7 177.0 23022 720 17689 620 0.7 0.3 100.0 IN EVANSVILLE 14 15 115.2 311.0 15366 544 15374 545 1.0 0.6 99.8 IN EVANSVILLE 25 39 51.4 314.0 16431 568 16383 568 4.2 2.8 99.8 IN EVANSVILLE 44 45 51.6 296.0 15875 570 15850 570 0.5 0.2 100.0 IN FORT WAYNE 15 4 1.0 253.0 9492 554 9259 545 14.6 7.0 100.0 IN FORT WAYNE 21 56 50.0 226.0 11618 622 10990 578 7.2 2.6 100.0 IN FORT WAYNE 33 24 50.0 235.0 11840 626 11648 601 0.2 0.1 99.6 IN FORT WAYNE 39 38 51.9 223.0 13675 691 13673 690 9.8 7.0 100.0 IN FORT WAYNE 55 36 50.0 238.0 12086 641 12101 642 0.1 0.1 99.9 IN GARY 50 51 392.2 494.0 27801 8420 27117 8318 4.7 1.0 100.0 IN GARY 56 23 59.3 306.0 16488 4771 16446 4767 0.7 1.0 100.0 IN HAMMOND 62 18 265.5 146.0 12543 7070 12397 7013 0.0 0.0 99.9 IN INDIANAPOLIS 6 9 15.7 302.0 28989 2258 27733 2217 0.0 0.0 96.1 IN INDIANAPOLIS 8 53 1870.8 305.0 28835 2285 25140 2126 0.0 0.0 100.0 IN INDIANAPOLIS 13 25 1977.7 299.0 28523 2300 23340 2067 0.0 0.0 100.0 IN INDIANAPOLIS 20 21 62.3 259.0 14865 1582 14455 1570 2.0 0.7 100.0 IN INDIANAPOLIS 40 52 111.0 302.0 17803 1701 17488 1689 0.1 0.0 100.0 IN INDIANAPOLIS 59 35 319.6 304.0 21214 1909 20273 1843 0.0 0.0 100.0 IN INDIANAPOLIS 69 44 50.0 167.0 3173 1058 3172 1058 0.0 0.0 100.0 IN KOKOMO 29 11 3.2 236.0 13539 1122 13535 1122 3.3 5.4 100.0 IN LAFAYETTE 18 32 58.8 238.0 11542 460 11478 450 1.9 1.1 100.0 IN MARION 23 54 372.3 295.0 18465 1808 18309 1822 1.5 0.8 99.0 IN MUNCIE 49 17 50.0 155.0 10219 561 10123 555 7.1 6.2 100.0 IN RICHMOND 43 30 127.8 302.0 15265 2668 15167 2645 2.1 5.0 97.8 IN SALEM 58 38 93.5 346.0 16719 1258 16180 1234 4.9 1.1 99.7 IN SOUTH BEND 16 30 255.6 326.0 20318 1165 19303 1120 0.9 1.7 100.0 IN SOUTH BEND 22 42 350.7 325.0 22608 1251 21953 1252 2.7 8.5 97.6"Bh 99(#%" IN SOUTH BEND 34 49 53.6 246.0 14441 956 14158 950 1.2 0.7 100.0 IN SOUTH BEND 46 45 50.0 305.0 15875 992 15723 971 4.7 4.0 99.5 IN TERRE HAUTE 2 48 4443.1 290.0 31945 885 22661 578 0.0 0.0 99.8 IN TERRE HAUTE 10 34 2190.6 293.0 27419 719 25425 672 3.3 4.2 99.8 IN TERRE HAUTE 38 19 106.4 299.0 14302 402 14184 389 1.5 1.5 100.0 IN VINCENNES 22 23 58.1 174.0 10526 232 10497 232 0.1 0.0 100.0 KS COLBY 4 32 5000.0 229.0 29326 52 23210 37 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS ENSIGN 6 30 5000.0 219.0 29034 121 27414 118 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS FORT SCOTT 20 43 319.2 233.0 17983 312 17812 311 0.2 0.0 100.0 KS GARDEN CITY 11 18 1874.0 244.0 23895 118 22777 114 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS GARDEN CITY 13 15 1983.7 265.0 25309 114 24011 114 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS GOODLAND 10 17 2322.1 299.0 28055 43 27042 41 0.1 0.0 100.0 KS GREAT BEND 2 46 4435.1 296.0 33559 206 29598 173 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS HAYS 7 20 3297.2 216.0 24961 100 23578 95 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS HAYS 9 16 1531.9 332.0 30110 156 24913 114 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS HUTCHINSON 8 17 2697.0 244.0 24512 669 19010 568 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS HUTCHINSON 12 19 1564.3 463.0 37839 757 33293 727 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS LAKIN 3 49 5000.0 171.0 26058 89 21570 85 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS LAWRENCE 38 39 334.8 330.0 16867 1758 16619 1725 2.1 0.5 99.5 KS PITTSBURG 7 30 1499.8 332.0 29956 493 28173 474 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS SALINA 18 15 50.0 317.0 11045 135 11015 134 2.2 0.4 100.0 KS TOPEKA 11 23 2133.8 305.0 28378 972 23584 897 0.0 0.0 99.9 KS TOPEKA 13 22 1555.8 421.0 34552 638 28823 553 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS TOPEKA 27 28 50.0 320.0 16147 391 15771 378 0.3 0.2 100.0 KS TOPEKA 49 48 254.2 451.0 20866 503 20058 472 1.6 0.5 100.0 KS WICHITA 3 51 4267.5 305.0 33652 684 27321 660 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS WICHITA 10 26 1715.3 314.0 29237 675 26662 664 0.0 0.0 100.0 KS WICHITA 24 25 211.4 341.0 17913 625 17910 625 2.2 0.4 100.0 KS WICHITA 33 32 50.0 133.0 2740 420 2738 420 1.9 1.4 100.0 KY ASHLAND 25 26 50.0 152.0 7110 377 6573 352 5.4 5.3 100.0 KY ASHLAND 61 47 79.3 189.0 9328 505 9351 485 2.7 8.3 96.9 KY BEATTYVILLE 65 7 3.2 197.0 6780 102 5466 77 0.0 0.0 100.0 KY BOWLING GREEN 13 12 4.8 226.0 22128 481 20329 465 0.0 0.0 98.5 KY BOWLING GREEN 24 18 50.0 198.0 9926 232 9414 224 2.4 2.8 100.0 KY BOWLING GREEN 40 27 50.0 244.0 10720 241 10480 237 0.8 0.5 100.0 KY BOWLING GREEN 53 48 50.0 247.0 12390 264 12340 262 1.1 0.9 99.0 KY CAMPBELLSVILLE 34 19 50.0 314.0 13865 263 13174 246 3.7 4.0 100.0 KY COVINGTON 54 34 50.0 122.0 6196 1507 5999 1562 8.8 5.4 97.7 KY DANVILLE 56 42 217.9 351.0 16912 699 16732 698 3.4 2.4 98.7 KY ELIZABETHTOWN 23 51 50.0 198.0 11306 614 10465 384 0.6 0.1 99.7 KY HARLAN 44 14 52.7 601.0 21335 605 17828 476 0.4 0.3 100.0 KY HAZARD 35 53 50.0 384.0 13917 304 13370 292 0.2 0.1 100.0 KY HAZARD 57 41 173.4 475.0 17021 380 15943 348 1.4 1.0 99.9"Ch 99(#%" KY LEXINGTON 18 22 50.0 195.0 12165 605 12071 604 0.7 0.1 99.8 KY LEXINGTON 27 40 69.4 300.0 16409 667 16252 663 1.2 0.4 100.0 KY LEXINGTON 36 59 120.7 305.0 17927 692 17526 686 0.0 0.0 99.9 KY LEXINGTON 46 45 54.4 265.0 14341 645 14066 641 4.3 1.9 99.9 KY LOUISVILLE 3 62 3917.7 555.0 47643 3226 36062 2226 3.9 5.1 100.0 KY LOUISVILLE 11 55 629.6 390.0 27937 1483 26587 1466 1.1 0.5 99.8 KY LOUISVILLE 15 16 50.0 262.0 12708 1144 12246 1137 0.8 0.1 100.0 KY LOUISVILLE 21 17 82.6 212.0 11921 1129 11340 1102 2.9 0.3 99.3 KY LOUISVILLE 32 26 333.0 384.0 25181 1436 24564 1428 2.0 0.3 99.9 KY LOUISVILLE 41 49 416.9 391.0 26507 1452 24728 1397 1.8 0.5 100.0 KY LOUISVILLE 68 43 50.0 250.0 12287 1148 11978 1142 0.0 0.0 99.7 KY MADISONVILLE 19 20 126.4 241.0 13351 523 13243 522 0.4 0.2 100.0 KY MADISONVILLE 35 36 50.0 317.0 14154 291 13858 288 3.4 2.4 100.0 KY MOREHEAD 38 15 50.0 293.0 13847 217 12905 202 0.9 1.2 100.0 KY MOREHEAD 67 21 374.9 247.0 18474 473 17513 418 0.0 0.0 100.0 KY MURRAY 21 24 50.0 201.0 11737 279 11706 278 0.6 0.3 100.0 KY NEWPORT 19 20 318.9 305.0 18521 2455 18101 2284 2.0 1.0 98.9 KY OWENSBORO 31 33 50.0 140.0 9776 454 9625 452 3.3 1.5 100.0 KY OWENTON 52 24 50.0 216.0 11986 496 11587 472 1.1 0.6 100.0 KY PADUCAH 6 51 3521.8 482.0 44303 877 38441 808 0.0 0.0 100.0 KY PADUCAH 29 30 50.0 152.0 6981 174 6804 170 7.2 5.5 100.0 KY PADUCAH 49 50 154.0 327.0 19440 507 19481 507 3.3 1.4 98.7 KY PIKEVILLE 22 16 69.0 430.0 16129 437 15110 414 1.2 0.8 100.0 KY SOMERSET 29 25 50.0 445.0 17690 385 16583 356 2.3 3.1 100.0 LA ALEXANDRIA 5 43 3500.3 485.0 44463 997 43485 983 0.1 0.0 99.9 LA ALEXANDRIA 25 27 113.7 415.0 18717 292 18698 291 0.7 0.4 100.0 LA ALEXANDRIA 31 30 57.9 333.0 17399 254 17377 254 0.9 0.1 100.0 LA BATON ROUGE 2 47 3652.1 515.0 46050 2398 40626 2328 0.0 0.0 99.5 LA BATON ROUGE 9 42 1576.4 509.0 40205 1878 32242 1276 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA BATON ROUGE 27 14 143.6 303.0 15267 769 14551 735 0.5 0.1 99.9 LA BATON ROUGE 33 34 410.8 522.0 26339 1300 25430 1274 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA BATON ROUGE 44 45 280.9 426.0 19895 998 19883 997 0.1 0.0 100.0 LA COLUMBIA 11 20 1759.9 610.0 45810 705 35034 573 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA LAFAYETTE 3 41 3761.1 530.0 48504 922 35858 717 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA LAFAYETTE 10 22 1470.8 530.0 35974 872 28579 750 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA LAFAYETTE 15 16 144.9 360.0 17770 560 17769 560 0.5 0.5 100.0 LA LAFAYETTE 24 23 113.1 369.0 17540 531 17540 531 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA LAKE CHARLES 7 36 1552.3 451.0 36913 954 35144 939 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA LAKE CHARLES 18 26 54.3 314.0 16355 336 16355 336 0.9 0.3 100.0 LA LAKE CHARLES 29 28 58.2 394.0 19568 609 19552 609 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA MONROE 8 35 1713.1 576.0 44349 726 41991 684 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA MONROE 13 19 1592.2 543.0 41802 693 36742 619 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 4 35 3932.7 305.0 34789 1785 34359 1770 0.0 0.0 100.0"Dh 99(#%" LA NEW ORLEANS 6 46 4096.4 283.0 34118 1808 33653 1787 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 8 30 1605.4 302.0 29226 1681 26919 1601 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 12 11 5.6 308.0 22338 1550 20400 1484 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 20 21 368.1 276.0 20472 1518 20000 1498 0.0 0.2 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 26 24 155.6 308.0 16252 1383 15848 1372 0.0 0.6 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 32 31 123.6 308.0 14963 1365 14959 1368 0.1 0.5 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 38 39 371.3 311.0 18381 1432 18380 1432 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA NEW ORLEANS 49 48 126.4 271.0 14360 1328 14360 1328 0.0 0.1 100.0 LA SHREVEPORT 3 41 3885.8 543.0 48519 1088 34694 899 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA SHREVEPORT 12 17 1645.8 549.0 43305 1013 33450 894 0.8 0.5 100.0 LA SHREVEPORT 24 23 79.0 326.0 18426 530 18242 529 0.0 0.2 100.0 LA SHREVEPORT 33 34 366.0 553.0 28978 828 28134 801 0.0 0.0 100.0 LA SHREVEPORT 45 44 204.5 507.0 21330 637 21209 635 0.7 0.7 100.0 LA SLIDELL 54 51 245.4 213.0 16705 1452 16700 1451 0.0 0.2 100.0 LA WEST MONROE 14 18 395.8 572.0 30733 550 30628 553 0.3 0.3 99.8 LA WEST MONROE 39 38 50.0 152.0 9733 262 9714 262 0.6 0.5 100.0 MA ADAMS 19 36 50.0 637.0 18303 1525 15710 1076 0.8 0.1 100.0 MA BOSTON 2 43 3307.5 317.0 31847 6837 29690 6688 0.0 0.0 99.7 MA BOSTON 4 23 1836.9 354.0 31377 6818 29830 6707 8.8 2.0 99.7 MA BOSTON 5 34 4155.9 299.0 31739 6833 25676 5679 0.0 0.0 99.6 MA BOSTON 7 65 1677.4 306.0 27464 6584 26367 6533 0.0 0.0 99.2 MA BOSTON 25 55 102.5 357.0 19050 6100 18068 5957 1.6 1.2 100.0 MA BOSTON 38 39 132.6 354.0 20455 6249 19796 6053 22.4 9.8 99.1 MA BOSTON 44 43 72.3 329.0 17304 5836 16655 5708 11.8 5.0 99.2 MA BOSTON 68 30 53.7 249.0 14174 5025 13556 4794 0.8 1.2 99.2 MA CAMBRIDGE 56 20 124.0 360.0 18944 6083 18048 5920 5.5 3.1 99.1 MA LAWRENCE 62 59 279.6 186.0 13156 5013 11798 4437 0.0 0.0 100.0 MA MARLBOROUGH 66 33 241.7 326.0 21622 6194 19746 5542 5.9 5.6 99.8 MA NEW BEDFORD 6 49 4620.9 283.0 31946 5216 23340 2536 2.7 1.1 99.9 MA NEW BEDFORD 28 52 302.6 229.0 15120 3907 12894 2400 0.7 1.8 100.0 MA NORWELL 46 54 50.0 75.0 1238 478 1223 455 0.8 0.2 100.0 MA SPRINGFIELD 22 51 213.7 268.0 12561 2202 11790 2017 4.9 2.4 98.1 MA SPRINGFIELD 40 11 3.2 322.0 15614 2312 13752 2124 3.2 2.2 97.3 MA SPRINGFIELD 57 42 70.3 306.0 14196 1988 12333 1723 11.5 3.7 100.0 MA VINEYARD HAVEN 58 22 50.0 155.0 9601 549 9587 549 4.1 9.9 100.0 MA WORCESTER 27 67 57.4 466.0 19170 6096 16359 5103 1.4 1.7 99.3 MA WORCESTER 48 47 211.1 398.0 22074 4143 20350 3785 5.5 15.5 99.5 MD ANNAPOLIS 22 41 374.9 265.0 19428 6018 18166 5600 0.9 0.5 99.9 MD BALTIMORE 2 38 4830.2 305.0 32557 7690 29178 7061 0.4 0.2 99.9 MD BALTIMORE 11 52 2619.1 305.0 27947 7046 25509 6601 1.4 1.2 99.8 MD BALTIMORE 13 40 2668.5 302.0 27784 7036 23145 6217 0.9 0.8 99.6 MD BALTIMORE 24 29 50.0 326.0 14435 5162 14573 5313 3.1 1.4 97.3 MD BALTIMORE 45 65 65.8 386.0 19095 5790 18879 5838 2.9 8.0 97.2"Eh 99(#%" MD BALTIMORE 54 39 385.6 349.0 23602 6569 21073 5726 7.1 3.6 99.8 MD BALTIMORE 67 28 50.0 250.0 12891 4361 11767 3291 1.1 3.1 99.7 MD FREDERICK 62 16 145.2 138.0 8978 2871 7344 2240 2.9 15.1 99.4 MD HAGERSTOWN 25 57 65.7 375.0 13523 646 12700 599 3.9 2.4 99.8 MD HAGERSTOWN 31 55 293.6 378.0 14888 769 13580 674 7.7 7.0 99.5 MD HAGERSTOWN 68 44 293.3 394.0 16622 860 12439 579 0.4 0.2 99.8 MD OAKLAND 36 21 50.0 216.0 6458 119 4980 89 6.1 2.8 99.9 MD SALISBURY 16 57 279.0 299.0 15961 439 16072 457 0.3 0.2 99.3 MD SALISBURY 28 27 90.6 157.0 12951 338 12951 338 8.6 11.8 100.0 MD SALISBURY 47 25 115.4 304.0 14838 432 14838 432 0.1 0.0 100.0 ME AUGUSTA 10 29 1896.6 305.0 27280 787 24864 734 0.0 0.0 100.0 ME BANGOR 2 27 3056.6 192.0 22579 329 19887 293 0.0 0.0 99.9 ME BANGOR 5 46 1334.9 402.0 30352 475 26568 432 0.0 0.0 99.3 ME BANGOR 7 22 3231.7 250.0 26030 340 23031 286 0.0 0.0 100.0 ME BIDDEFORD 26 45 50.0 244.0 11363 644 11056 628 0.8 0.4 98.2 ME CALAIS 13 16 589.3 134.0 15424 33 12188 28 0.0 0.0 100.0 ME LEWISTON 35 4 1.0 258.0 9462 480 8905 469 1.9 1.0 100.0 ME ORONO 12 21 2653.6 302.0 28047 355 24553 318 0.0 0.0 100.0 ME POLAND SPRING 8 15 422.1 1173.0 43430 1050 39418 995 1.1 2.9 99.0 ME PORTLAND 6 38 3810.8 610.0 37705 1218 35037 1063 0.0 0.0 97.6 ME PORTLAND 13 44 1578.4 491.0 33321 981 32416 982 1.8 4.7 97.4 ME PORTLAND 51 39 164.9 280.0 13613 602 13880 603 1.6 0.5 95.8 ME PRESQUE ISLE 8 15 185.2 107.0 7309 54 7675 53 0.0 0.0 87.9 ME PRESQUE ISLE 10 14 1526.5 332.0 29468 80 26396 76 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI ALPENA 6 57 3207.3 448.0 40032 270 29414 185 0.0 0.0 99.9 MI ALPENA 11 13 4.7 204.0 17850 111 16858 108 0.0 0.0 99.5 MI ANN ARBOR 31 33 53.9 329.0 16906 3008 14123 2241 3.2 4.8 99.9 MI BAD AXE 35 23 50.0 155.0 6038 78 6038 78 0.2 0.2 100.0 MI BATTLE CREEK 41 40 106.2 329.0 18257 1506 18958 1508 1.6 1.0 95.9 MI BATTLE CREEK 43 44 371.1 323.0 23040 1892 22190 1822 3.0 1.7 100.0 MI BAY CITY 5 32 4075.4 305.0 32999 1752 25561 1306 0.2 0.1 99.9 MI CADILLAC 9 58 1576.0 497.0 39253 695 34318 587 0.0 0.0 99.9 MI CADILLAC 27 47 50.0 180.0 7138 82 6754 79 0.6 1.5 99.9 MI CADILLAC 33 46 50.0 311.0 11213 147 11108 145 13.0 9.1 99.6 MI CHEBOYGAN 4 14 5000.0 189.0 27454 157 24742 136 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI DETROIT 2 45 4363.6 305.0 34226 5923 26788 5226 8.2 0.2 100.0 MI DETROIT 4 21 4468.5 306.0 34286 5875 25621 5135 10.3 0.6 100.0 MI DETROIT 7 58 2221.1 305.0 27166 5532 24757 5124 1.6 0.3 98.7 MI DETROIT 20 14 119.2 296.0 17675 4803 17637 4778 18.9 2.4 99.5 MI DETROIT 50 55 130.8 293.0 18032 4840 15992 4513 1.6 0.5 99.7 MI DETROIT 56 41 111.6 293.0 15356 4532 17527 4800 13.0 6.5 87.6 MI DETROIT 62 43 50.0 296.0 14141 4425 15005 4490 0.0 0.0 94.1 MI EAST LANSING 23 22 51.6 296.0 15820 1252 15617 1219 0.7 0.8 100.0"Fh 99(#%" MI ESCANABA 3 48 3682.3 363.0 36579 176 35885 174 0.0 0.0 99.9 MI FLINT 12 36 2091.8 287.0 28137 2044 24958 1804 1.0 0.9 99.9 MI FLINT 28 52 132.9 265.0 14274 2524 13950 2317 5.0 12.8 99.9 MI FLINT 66 30 374.9 287.0 21034 1666 21138 1689 9.1 12.9 99.3 MI GRAND RAPIDS 8 7 5.7 302.0 22614 1740 26361 1964 5.0 0.8 83.0 MI GRAND RAPIDS 13 56 1888.6 305.0 28586 1214 24046 1138 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI GRAND RAPIDS 17 20 58.0 334.0 17409 1403 17187 1399 1.8 2.4 100.0 MI GRAND RAPIDS 35 24 52.1 262.0 14798 1076 14779 1075 1.4 0.7 100.0 MI IRON MOUNTAIN 8 16 90.2 190.0 13028 74 11935 68 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI KALAMAZOO 3 19 4279.0 305.0 31074 2204 31119 2066 7.0 2.6 93.5 MI KALAMAZOO 52 5 1.0 125.0 4453 369 4434 367 0.6 0.3 100.0 MI KALAMAZOO 64 39 144.6 319.0 19395 1565 19416 1566 0.9 0.4 99.8 MI LANSING 6 15 4320.7 305.0 31993 3609 20054 1754 2.3 3.7 100.0 MI LANSING 47 46 59.4 305.0 16222 1057 16241 1049 1.3 1.1 98.9 MI LANSING 53 51 201.1 299.0 14959 979 14923 971 2.5 1.0 99.9 MI MANISTEE 21 18 50.0 104.0 4095 43 4060 43 1.1 0.8 100.0 MI MARQUETTE 6 46 4416.0 296.0 33464 194 24315 149 0.0 0.0 99.9 MI MARQUETTE 13 33 1561.6 332.0 30065 186 26298 169 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI MOUNT CLEMENS 38 44 277.3 192.0 12653 4090 13219 4164 3.2 0.8 95.6 MI MOUNT PLEASANT 14 38 50.0 158.0 7704 244 7698 244 12.8 7.6 100.0 MI MUSKEGON 54 11 3.2 294.0 14931 1067 14341 1051 2.4 0.9 99.7 MI ONONDAGA 10 57 1671.8 299.0 28282 2171 20865 1373 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI SAGINAW 25 27 299.0 402.0 25996 2370 24377 1780 0.5 3.8 100.0 MI SAGINAW 49 48 50.0 287.0 14966 1273 14754 1224 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI SAULT STE. MARI 8 56 2169.7 290.0 27395 84 25478 81 0.0 0.0 99.8 MI SAULT STE. MARI 10 49 1523.7 370.0 31194 91 27660 85 0.0 0.0 100.0 MI TRAVERSE CITY 7 50 1573.9 411.0 34995 407 30936 331 3.6 5.3 100.0 MI TRAVERSE CITY 29 41 108.0 399.0 19525 262 18655 253 0.7 0.5 100.0 MI UNIVERSITY CENT 19 16 50.0 140.0 11105 616 11094 616 28.3 20.4 100.0 MI VANDERBILT 45 31 50.0 290.0 8276 97 7709 90 6.8 6.4 100.0 MN ALEXANDRIA 7 25 1489.3 341.0 31180 401 29321 388 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN ALEXANDRIA 42 28 164.1 358.0 22033 319 20526 220 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN APPLETON 10 18 1532.2 381.0 33094 243 28413 201 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN AUSTIN 6 35 3873.9 320.0 34446 612 27389 517 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN AUSTIN 15 20 50.0 116.0 8358 149 8316 148 3.3 1.2 100.0 MN BEMIDJI 9 18 1541.1 329.0 30119 106 26910 82 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN BRAINERD 22 20 50.0 227.0 9312 95 9312 95 0.5 0.3 100.0 MN DULUTH 3 51 5000.0 302.0 33133 287 31706 278 0.0 0.0 99.5 MN DULUTH 8 19 3422.3 290.0 28597 264 25181 244 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN DULUTH 10 39 3384.0 301.0 29007 265 25501 239 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN DULUTH 21 17 50.0 180.0 5282 175 5259 175 15.7 12.2 100.0 MN HIBBING 13 36 1015.5 204.0 15062 113 13778 109 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN MANKATO 12 16 1614.6 317.0 29371 380 25970 325 0.0 0.0 100.0"Gh 99(#%" MN MINNEAPOLIS 4 34 3134.4 436.0 40692 3026 34317 2907 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN MINNEAPOLIS 9 26 1546.0 435.0 35788 2939 30106 2803 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN MINNEAPOLIS 11 32 1544.7 439.0 35975 2942 32101 2851 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN MINNEAPOLIS 23 22 325.8 351.0 20271 2641 20216 2640 0.8 0.1 100.0 MN MINNEAPOLIS 29 30 373.2 373.0 21686 2663 20762 2650 1.7 0.3 100.0 MN MINNEAPOLIS-ST. 45 44 373.4 375.0 21942 2656 21835 2655 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN REDWOOD FALLS 43 14 50.0 167.0 8615 75 8567 75 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN ROCHESTER 10 38 1533.8 381.0 32050 534 26955 467 2.4 0.9 100.0 MN ROCHESTER 47 46 50.0 104.0 4001 141 3913 140 0.7 0.0 100.0 MN ST. CLOUD 41 40 183.4 448.0 20758 2602 19438 2371 0.4 0.5 100.0 MN ST. PAUL 2 33 3204.0 399.0 38561 2992 34788 2909 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN ST. PAUL 5 50 3134.4 436.0 40611 3024 36962 2934 0.0 0.0 99.9 MN ST. PAUL 17 21 50.0 396.0 12029 2469 11989 2468 0.4 0.2 100.0 MN THIEF RIVER FAL 10 59 942.4 183.0 13042 120 10417 108 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN WALKER 12 35 2066.8 283.0 28376 190 26377 176 0.0 0.0 100.0 MN WORTHINGTON 20 19 135.4 332.0 16667 136 16653 136 0.9 2.2 100.0 MO CAPE GIRARDEAU 12 32 1769.1 610.0 44914 935 37475 777 0.4 0.4 100.0 MO CAPE GIRARDEAU 23 22 109.0 543.0 21519 492 21188 488 1.1 1.8 99.9 MO COLUMBIA 8 28 2938.7 242.0 26256 442 21959 411 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO COLUMBIA 17 18 77.9 348.0 18500 398 18296 397 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO HANNIBAL 7 29 2494.8 271.0 27718 320 24376 290 0.0 0.0 99.9 MO JEFFERSON CITY 13 12 5.7 308.0 25516 454 22220 406 0.0 0.0 99.9 MO JEFFERSON CITY 25 20 107.7 314.0 15672 315 15282 311 0.0 0.4 100.0 MO JOPLIN 12 9 5.8 311.0 26657 495 24082 436 0.0 0.0 97.0 MO JOPLIN 16 14 149.5 313.0 19640 373 18479 368 0.2 0.1 100.0 MO JOPLIN 26 25 50.0 283.0 13960 295 13822 294 1.2 0.4 100.0 MO KANSAS CITY 4 29 3948.6 344.0 34965 2099 30654 1911 0.0 0.0 99.4 MO KANSAS CITY 5 46 3984.1 344.0 35091 2095 28989 1961 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO KANSAS CITY 9 24 1530.7 357.0 30875 1933 29070 1918 3.0 0.4 99.9 MO KANSAS CITY 19 26 50.8 357.0 17503 1689 17167 1685 5.6 0.8 99.9 MO KANSAS CITY 32 31 374.3 322.0 22786 1760 22742 1759 2.1 0.5 99.9 MO KANSAS CITY 41 42 59.8 323.0 16775 1685 16557 1681 1.3 0.2 100.0 MO KANSAS CITY 50 21 52.0 341.0 17066 1690 16248 1658 2.0 0.1 100.0 MO KANSAS CITY 62 34 372.1 340.0 23421 1840 23174 1829 0.0 0.0 99.7 MO KIRKSVILLE 3 51 3849.8 339.0 34942 347 27520 258 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO POPLAR BLUFF 15 16 50.0 183.0 7828 104 7850 107 0.1 0.0 99.0 MO SEDALIA 6 45 5000.0 235.0 29458 544 24199 399 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO SPRINGFIELD 3 44 3705.2 622.0 50548 788 42131 668 0.0 0.0 99.7 MO SPRINGFIELD 10 22 1779.5 631.0 45619 751 40987 682 0.3 1.5 100.0 MO SPRINGFIELD 21 23 76.5 546.0 24658 471 24199 466 5.4 2.2 99.6 MO SPRINGFIELD 27 15 412.8 515.0 25624 480 24460 470 0.0 0.0 99.8 MO SPRINGFIELD 33 32 408.4 596.0 26639 511 26421 511 0.3 0.1 99.2 MO ST. JOSEPH 2 44 5000.0 247.0 30208 1436 28707 1484 0.0 0.0 99.5"Hh 99(#%" MO ST. JOSEPH 16 14 372.0 326.0 23383 1590 22470 1476 0.3 0.5 100.0 MO ST. LOUIS 2 41 3908.9 332.0 35423 2778 29547 2679 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO ST. LOUIS 4 34 3933.6 335.0 35401 2789 30391 2725 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO ST. LOUIS 5 48 3839.2 332.0 35059 2780 33983 2766 0.0 0.0 98.8 MO ST. LOUIS 9 26 1856.2 326.0 30259 2705 24875 2621 0.0 0.0 100.0 MO ST. LOUIS 11 35 1906.3 308.0 29211 2708 26834 2671 0.3 0.0 100.0 MO ST. LOUIS 24 14 190.7 305.0 19143 2506 18764 2503 0.2 0.2 100.0 MO ST. LOUIS 30 21 120.4 335.0 19988 2545 19821 2543 0.2 0.1 100.0 MS BILOXI 13 28 1540.0 408.0 34432 1096 27971 727 0.0 0.0 100.0 MS BILOXI 19 18 89.0 478.0 19640 582 19302 570 2.1 0.5 100.0 MS BOONEVILLE 12 32 705.9 229.0 15935 295 13760 261 0.0 0.0 100.0 MS BUDE 17 15 50.0 341.0 15123 210 13770 188 2.7 6.1 99.5 MS COLUMBUS 4 47 3912.6 610.0 50631 769 43268 650 0.0 0.0 99.7 MS GREENVILLE 15 17 144.2 271.0 14468 247 14468 247 0.8 1.5 100.0 MS GREENWOOD 6 51 3910.1 597.0 50869 773 40584 597 0.0 0.0 99.8 MS GREENWOOD 23 24 50.0 317.0 14370 239 14340 239 0.4 0.2 100.0 MS GULFPORT 25 16 140.7 488.0 21569 750 21376 730 1.1 6.5 99.5 MS HATTIESBURG 22 23 50.0 244.0 13901 267 13814 267 0.5 0.3 100.0 MS HOLLY SPRINGS 40 39 245.4 142.0 10007 1026 9994 1026 1.2 0.0 99.4 MS JACKSON 3 50 3887.7 610.0 47356 915 35284 735 0.0 0.0 100.0 MS JACKSON 12 36 1577.6 497.0 39890 785 33621 718 0.0 0.0 100.0 MS JACKSON 16 32 345.8 359.0 20631 565 20381 563 2.8 1.5 99.9 MS JACKSON 29 26 50.0 598.0 24488 627 24349 622 1.9 1.5 100.0 MS JACKSON 40 41 50.0 369.0 18293 548 18256 545 0.0 0.0 99.9 MS LAUREL 7 43 3437.7 155.0 21558 346 19421 327 0.0 0.0 100.0 MS MERIDIAN 11 34 3437.7 165.0 22405 293 19981 258 5.8 2.5 100.0 MS MERIDIAN 14 20 50.0 369.0 16256 289 15659 280 0.7 0.5 99.9 MS MERIDIAN 24 21 50.0 177.0 9546 142 9497 142 0.4 0.2 99.8 MS MERIDIAN 30 19 60.5 187.0 10813 161 10930 163 5.3 2.5 98.6 MS MISSISSIPPI STA 2 49 3365.0 381.0 37883 554 30124 423 0.0 0.0 100.0 MS NATCHEZ 48 49 167.0 316.0 16146 193 16138 193 0.4 0.6 100.0 MS OXFORD 18 25 50.0 423.0 17005 264 17008 264 0.6 0.7 100.0 MS TUPELO 9 8 8.3 542.0 40620 657 39144 623 0.0 0.0 99.5 MS WEST POINT 27 16 121.0 512.0 21636 410 21511 408 0.3 0.2 99.9 MT BILLINGS 2 22 5000.0 165.0 24050 136 23675 136 0.0 0.0 98.8 MT BILLINGS 6 32 5000.0 249.0 27815 136 26316 135 0.0 0.0 99.3 MT BILLINGS 8 11 5.5 229.0 22068 133 21199 128 0.0 0.0 100.0 MT BOZEMAN 7 16 175.7 249.0 8800 59 8945 60 0.0 0.0 97.0 MT BOZEMAN 9 15 50.0 33.0 2282 46 2212 46 0.0 0.0 99.6 MT BUTTE 4 27 5000.0 576.0 33051 132 40130 143 0.0 0.0 81.8 MT BUTTE 6 43 5000.0 591.0 31494 130 38368 140 0.0 0.0 81.3 MT BUTTE 18 19 178.4 596.0 14258 68 13128 65 0.0 0.0 100.0 MT GLENDIVE 5 43 397.8 152.0 13371 14 11438 12 0.0 0.0 99.5"Ih 99(#%" MT GREAT FALLS 3 45 5000.0 180.0 23275 89 24027 89 0.0 0.0 95.3 MT GREAT FALLS 5 44 5000.0 180.0 22794 89 23200 89 0.0 0.0 96.2 MT GREAT FALLS 16 38 108.5 319.0 14299 84 14237 84 0.0 0.0 100.0 MT HARDIN 4 49 4515.5 323.0 30768 135 29932 136 0.0 0.0 98.2 MT HELENA 12 14 551.8 686.0 31299 148 29533 147 0.0 0.0 100.0 MT KALISPELL 9 39 100.4 850.0 23851 85 23578 81 0.0 0.0 98.2 MT LEWISTOWN 13 21 50.0 647.0 15271 15 13648 14 0.0 0.0 100.0 MT MILES CITY 3 35 54.3 33.0 5217 11 5496 11 0.0 0.0 94.7 MT MISSOULA 8 35 2933.3 655.0 33701 130 33655 126 0.1 0.0 97.9 MT MISSOULA 13 36 3267.1 610.0 34473 131 34133 130 0.0 0.0 99.3 MT MISSOULA 23 40 126.4 642.0 16950 116 16565 115 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC ASHEVILLE 13 27 895.8 853.0 36588 1912 33298 1801 0.1 0.1 99.6 NC ASHEVILLE 21 54 273.5 765.0 25861 1439 25211 1405 0.3 0.1 99.2 NC ASHEVILLE 33 58 221.2 816.0 20979 1360 20329 1311 1.6 1.5 97.4 NC ASHEVILLE 62 45 50.0 337.0 4049 273 3370 231 1.1 0.4 100.0 NC BELMONT 46 47 411.3 594.0 32983 2350 29624 2148 1.3 0.3 98.7 NC BURLINGTON 16 57 82.8 256.0 12899 1205 10333 920 0.7 0.1 99.8 NC CHAPEL HILL 4 44 3459.2 469.0 42896 2943 30729 2261 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC CHARLOTTE 3 51 3917.6 567.0 46370 3184 35830 2392 0.1 0.1 98.4 NC CHARLOTTE 9 53 1531.0 359.0 31335 2259 24306 1856 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC CHARLOTTE 18 24 114.8 366.0 21008 1741 18719 1568 10.2 4.7 100.0 NC CHARLOTTE 36 22 412.3 595.0 33876 2363 31395 2282 2.2 0.9 99.8 NC CHARLOTTE 42 38 66.5 390.0 19031 1652 18688 1613 10.1 3.6 98.2 NC COLUMBIA 2 48 3998.4 302.0 34184 774 28096 245 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC CONCORD 58 39 413.2 422.0 27343 2269 26120 2207 16.9 12.2 100.0 NC DURHAM 11 59 1757.6 607.0 45222 2402 38855 2110 4.0 1.3 100.0 NC DURHAM 28 27 409.9 585.0 33559 2008 34287 2068 6.4 4.0 97.0 NC FAYETTEVILLE 40 52 413.1 561.0 33790 2330 30909 2237 4.8 11.7 99.8 NC FAYETTEVILLE 62 36 50.0 256.0 13696 680 13758 686 0.0 0.0 99.3 NC GOLDSBORO 17 18 417.2 480.0 28547 1841 28290 1808 2.5 0.9 97.2 NC GREENSBORO 2 32 3917.7 561.0 46156 3380 37034 2446 0.0 0.0 99.5 NC GREENSBORO 48 35 54.9 517.0 22609 1683 21330 1556 2.9 1.7 100.0 NC GREENSBORO 61 33 50.0 168.0 9338 1021 9434 1031 1.9 0.8 96.9 NC GREENVILLE 9 58 1686.9 573.0 41994 1200 34207 1056 1.7 1.0 100.0 NC GREENVILLE 14 15 50.0 209.0 10447 447 10359 429 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC GREENVILLE 25 21 56.5 351.0 14662 620 13754 584 3.2 1.3 100.0 NC HICKORY 14 15 50.0 183.0 7994 517 7083 468 2.0 1.1 100.0 NC HIGH POINT 8 54 1538.8 387.0 32204 2338 25567 1803 2.0 1.2 100.0 NC JACKSONVILLE 19 29 210.4 561.0 22904 702 22901 702 0.2 0.1 100.0 NC KANNAPOLIS 64 25 50.0 86.0 3129 550 2845 409 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC LEXINGTON 20 19 139.3 297.0 16406 1358 15943 1309 1.4 0.7 99.9 NC LINVILLE 17 59 101.9 546.0 16410 768 15718 737 0.6 0.2 99.2 NC MOREHEAD CITY 8 24 2499.5 249.0 19984 305 13899 97 0.0 0.0 100.0"Jh 99(#%" NC NEW BERN 12 32 1727.9 591.0 42267 1155 34549 859 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC RALEIGH 5 34 3911.3 604.0 51805 2746 41320 2329 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC RALEIGH 22 42 412.0 510.0 28898 1954 27019 1858 3.9 2.2 99.4 NC RALEIGH 50 43 417.2 449.0 28634 1995 28192 1944 6.5 5.8 98.9 NC ROANOKE RAPIDS 36 51 76.4 368.0 19437 538 18649 518 2.2 1.9 100.0 NC ROCKY MOUNT 47 46 377.3 371.0 18586 1236 17876 1199 2.6 3.4 100.0 NC WASHINGTON 7 53 1736.5 594.0 44811 1297 37020 1102 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC WILMINGTON 3 10 18.3 594.0 49151 979 42099 750 0.0 0.0 99.9 NC WILMINGTON 6 49 3917.7 588.0 51717 1706 39136 1185 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC WILMINGTON 26 25 345.6 500.0 21324 445 21321 445 0.0 0.0 100.0 NC WILMINGTON 39 16 356.1 553.0 27195 643 26983 638 0.2 1.0 100.0 NC WILSON 30 55 107.4 539.0 21629 1246 21446 1228 1.5 0.7 100.0 NC WINSTON-SALEM 12 41 1771.2 604.0 41615 2339 33837 2023 2.1 1.6 100.0 NC WINSTON-SALEM 26 66 408.9 504.0 23652 1640 22773 1592 0.2 0.2 99.9 NC WINSTON-SALEM 45 29 409.9 597.0 26918 1796 24473 1671 3.5 2.8 100.0 ND BISMARCK 3 31 2429.0 425.0 38166 124 29893 111 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND BISMARCK 5 25 3304.9 427.0 40747 126 33712 117 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND BISMARCK 12 23 1573.2 466.0 37137 124 32317 113 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND BISMARCK 17 16 50.0 290.0 12903 89 12728 89 0.8 0.1 100.0 ND DEVILS LAKE 8 57 1575.4 451.0 36977 170 35374 169 0.0 0.0 99.9 ND DICKINSON 2 46 5000.0 256.0 30528 47 29687 45 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND DICKINSON 7 18 3171.5 223.0 24811 38 21031 34 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND DICKINSON 9 20 2075.8 246.0 24108 43 21976 39 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND ELLENDALE 19 20 50.0 179.0 8185 12 8153 12 3.4 1.1 100.0 ND FARGO 6 39 3609.0 351.0 36990 339 31304 251 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND FARGO 11 56 1768.7 610.0 42422 348 40193 324 0.0 0.0 93.1 ND FARGO 13 21 1117.9 344.0 30107 240 27605 229 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND FARGO 15 19 281.5 379.0 17647 241 17644 241 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND GRAND FORKS 2 58 3113.9 408.0 36213 172 33079 167 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND JAMESTOWN 7 14 3327.6 135.0 20297 50 15759 42 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND MINOT 6 45 4169.3 323.0 35187 102 32500 97 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND MINOT 10 59 2153.6 207.0 22444 80 20765 77 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND MINOT 13 56 1763.6 344.0 30978 94 29139 90 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND MINOT 14 15 50.0 829.0 11085 66 11058 66 11.4 3.3 100.0 ND PEMBINA 12 56 1540.7 427.0 27346 31 24939 34 0.0 0.0 93.6 ND VALLEY CITY 4 38 3803.4 619.0 52695 408 46760 377 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND WILLISTON 4 51 3848.8 278.0 29917 51 25853 45 0.0 0.0 99.9 ND WILLISTON 8 52 1063.9 323.0 25877 43 24587 42 0.0 0.0 100.0 ND WILLISTON 11 14 1454.6 299.0 24553 44 22906 43 0.0 0.0 99.9 NE ALLIANCE 13 23 1586.1 469.0 37275 91 31146 83 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE BASSETT 7 20 1567.6 453.0 36801 52 33311 38 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE GRAND ISLAND 11 14 1659.6 308.0 29115 208 24800 184 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE GRAND ISLAND 17 19 73.8 187.0 10186 142 10186 142 0.4 0.0 100.0"Kh 99(#%" NE HASTINGS 5 38 5000.0 223.0 28810 220 26401 211 0.0 0.0 99.9 NE HASTINGS 29 30 75.9 372.0 15463 148 15460 148 0.8 0.6 100.0 NE HAYES CENTER 6 47 5000.0 216.0 29085 85 26974 80 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE KEARNEY 13 23 1494.9 338.0 30654 213 27313 198 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE LEXINGTON 3 44 4048.4 323.0 34629 169 25825 117 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE LINCOLN 8 21 1545.5 440.0 36293 614 29036 475 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE LINCOLN 10 25 1563.1 454.0 37393 768 33748 672 0.4 2.1 100.0 NE LINCOLN 12 40 2730.2 253.0 26784 1041 24515 1024 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE MCCOOK 8 12 4.4 216.0 24053 51 21777 47 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE MERRIMAN 12 16 1778.1 328.0 29133 30 24384 23 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE NORFOLK 19 16 86.0 348.0 14827 138 13695 133 4.2 7.3 99.9 NE NORTH PLATTE 2 41 5000.0 192.0 27133 66 24359 61 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE NORTH PLATTE 9 15 1755.2 311.0 29117 66 25878 61 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE OMAHA 3 47 3175.2 418.0 40084 1142 30652 1045 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE OMAHA 6 51 3168.9 418.0 39705 1136 37129 1118 0.0 0.0 99.9 NE OMAHA 7 20 1544.3 415.0 34764 1092 29752 1002 0.0 0.0 100.0 NE OMAHA 15 18 403.5 453.0 23507 1001 23449 1002 0.5 0.1 99.4 NE OMAHA 26 17 50.0 130.0 8850 693 8737 691 4.4 0.7 99.4 NE OMAHA 42 43 412.8 577.0 34926 1114 34471 1110 1.0 0.2 100.0 NE SCOTTSBLUFF 4 34 3917.7 610.0 50398 108 40583 92 0.0 0.0 99.9 NE SCOTTSBLUFF 10 11 4.2 256.0 23476 74 22324 71 0.0 0.0 98.8 NE SUPERIOR 4 34 3792.1 344.0 36374 240 25171 120 0.0 0.0 100.0 NH BERLIN 40 25 50.0 91.0 2504 23 1917 19 0.0 0.0 100.0 NH CONCORD 21 24 96.1 320.0 16812 1761 16182 1707 4.4 2.1 99.8 NH DERRY 50 32 267.2 213.0 10915 3327 10706 3380 3.8 20.3 99.1 NH DURHAM 11 57 2499.2 302.0 27064 3836 24698 2652 1.3 1.1 99.3 NH KEENE 52 46 50.0 329.0 8134 221 6249 158 2.0 1.8 100.0 NH LITTLETON 49 48 50.0 390.0 7571 77 6525 65 0.1 0.0 100.0 NH MANCHESTER 9 17 2250.7 314.0 27292 4842 23858 4324 2.3 0.6 99.9 NH MERRIMACK 60 18 66.2 308.0 12324 2321 11747 1997 6.4 2.7 99.4 NJ ATLANTIC CITY 53 50 50.0 85.0 1501 212 1501 212 0.3 0.0 100.0 NJ ATLANTIC CITY 62 49 268.7 133.0 12437 1175 10127 784 0.0 0.0 100.0 NJ BURLINGTON 48 26 132.8 335.0 19654 6807 17730 6479 0.2 0.1 99.9 NJ CAMDEN 23 66 120.9 271.0 16878 5846 16990 5919 4.6 4.6 99.3 NJ LINDEN 47 28 370.6 460.0 16065 16434 15387 16173 2.5 0.6 99.9 NJ MONTCLAIR 50 56 374.9 243.0 16707 15913 14891 15438 11.9 7.3 99.1 NJ NEW BRUNSWICK 58 8 3.2 223.0 12733 11550 9503 11149 2.4 1.6 97.4 NJ NEWARK 13 33 253.5 500.0 27125 17982 23402 17121 1.3 0.6 100.0 NJ NEWARK 68 44 166.0 439.0 18468 16390 16989 15866 0.3 0.0 99.8 NJ NEWTON 63 61 107.3 223.0 12603 9922 12301 10130 4.4 9.4 96.5 NJ PATERSON 41 42 137.6 421.0 18377 16664 17554 16273 1.6 0.3 99.9 NJ SECAUCUS 9 18 260.5 500.0 27029 17880 22975 16677 3.1 1.0 99.9 NJ TRENTON 52 43 91.6 271.0 15601 9161 13835 8009 6.0 2.7 99.4"Lh 99(#%" NJ VINELAND 65 21 251.3 280.0 19049 6200 18817 6101 8.5 4.9 99.5 NJ WEST MILFORD 66 23 50.0 217.0 4923 5315 3267 2671 1.9 0.7 100.0 NJ WILDWOOD 40 34 50.0 128.0 9506 451 9526 451 7.6 6.2 99.8 NM ALBUQUERQUE 4 48 717.6 1280.0 45878 759 51046 780 0.0 0.0 88.9 NM ALBUQUERQUE 5 44 714.0 1289.0 46093 759 51336 771 0.0 0.0 89.8 NM ALBUQUERQUE 7 8 3.2 1292.0 42113 756 39164 750 0.0 0.0 99.9 NM ALBUQUERQUE 13 9 3.2 1287.0 44426 759 40780 751 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM ALBUQUERQUE 23 24 78.6 1259.0 28250 732 27600 728 0.1 0.0 100.0 NM ALBUQUERQUE 32 31 50.0 1236.0 8703 629 8129 627 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM ALBUQUERQUE 41 40 74.1 1266.0 24511 723 23937 719 0.1 0.2 100.0 NM ALBUQUERQUE 50 49 97.8 1276.0 34693 738 33227 733 0.4 0.1 100.0 NM CARLSBAD 6 40 3694.1 366.0 35448 160 32817 118 0.0 0.0 99.4 NM CLOVIS 12 21 1678.2 204.0 21773 84 18276 82 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM FARMINGTON 12 15 3437.7 125.0 18585 109 16772 103 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM GALLUP 3 29 321.6 33.0 7235 53 8104 56 0.0 0.0 88.9 NM HOBBS 29 30 50.0 159.0 2878 39 2878 39 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM LAS CRUCES 22 16 58.9 137.0 9470 191 8716 128 0.1 0.0 100.0 NM LAS CRUCES 48 28 252.8 134.0 8054 579 7759 571 4.0 16.8 99.9 NM PORTALES 3 33 3806.9 351.0 36368 188 35603 188 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM ROSWELL 8 15 1700.2 536.0 41701 163 40179 161 0.7 0.0 100.0 NM ROSWELL 10 17 1780.8 610.0 44856 182 38778 168 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM ROSWELL 27 26 50.0 115.0 5522 58 5501 58 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM SANTA FE 2 43 769.0 1275.0 46571 760 52848 785 0.0 0.0 88.0 NM SANTA FE 11 16 1429.9 618.0 35917 717 33452 717 0.0 0.0 100.0 NM SILVER CITY 10 12 3.2 485.0 16717 46 13112 42 0.0 0.0 100.0 NV HENDERSON 5 27 5000.0 363.0 23145 732 28041 733 0.0 0.0 79.5 NV LAS VEGAS 3 49 5000.0 387.0 22550 732 31468 738 0.0 0.0 71.6 NV LAS VEGAS 8 7 10.1 610.0 31952 736 27385 733 0.0 0.0 99.8 NV LAS VEGAS 10 11 7.4 372.0 21925 731 19921 730 0.0 0.0 99.8 NV LAS VEGAS 13 17 1780.8 610.0 29218 735 25937 732 0.0 0.0 100.0 NV LAS VEGAS 15 16 64.4 564.0 15837 725 14705 727 0.0 0.4 100.0 NV LAS VEGAS 21 22 50.0 353.0 8873 724 7541 723 0.8 0.2 99.9 NV LAS VEGAS 33 32 77.9 581.0 13237 727 12427 727 0.0 0.0 100.0 NV PARADISE 39 38 68.2 367.0 7920 722 7650 719 0.0 0.0 100.0 NV RENO 2 39 3340.5 656.0 27965 389 35729 452 0.0 0.0 77.5 NV RENO 4 48 634.8 128.0 7394 285 12097 339 0.0 0.0 60.8 NV RENO 5 43 65.4 140.0 4973 263 7943 315 0.0 0.0 62.5 NV RENO 8 9 5.5 893.0 37820 504 34720 494 0.0 0.0 99.7 NV RENO 11 18 895.8 856.0 30674 400 28523 395 0.0 0.0 99.4 NV RENO 21 20 50.0 189.0 5368 267 4923 260 1.3 0.3 99.7 NV RENO 27 26 137.8 891.0 19185 387 17695 379 0.1 0.0 99.9 NY ALBANY 10 26 3141.4 305.0 22203 1318 20153 1234 0.1 0.0 99.9 NY ALBANY 13 4 2.0 357.0 23331 1319 19430 1181 0.3 0.0 99.9"Mh 99(#%" NY ALBANY 23 21 210.3 366.0 16624 1174 15747 1138 3.9 1.9 99.7 NY AMSTERDAM 55 49 337.9 223.0 9910 893 9254 849 0.0 0.0 100.0 NY BATH 14 20 50.0 318.0 13494 385 12553 312 2.2 2.1 99.7 NY BINGHAMTON 12 8 3.3 369.0 23610 873 22593 775 0.3 0.8 98.4 NY BINGHAMTON 34 4 1.0 281.0 15534 664 12914 474 9.2 3.5 99.9 NY BINGHAMTON 40 42 50.0 375.0 13553 503 12209 458 1.0 0.3 100.0 NY BINGHAMTON 46 7 3.2 375.0 15653 668 12892 492 2.9 1.0 100.0 NY BUFFALO 2 45 4726.8 287.0 32881 2225 27411 1723 0.1 0.0 99.3 NY BUFFALO 4 38 4261.7 366.0 34830 1863 32995 1924 0.6 0.2 98.6 NY BUFFALO 7 42 454.7 433.0 27225 1829 22065 1536 2.4 1.2 99.7 NY BUFFALO 17 15 144.3 330.0 19925 1374 19608 1361 0.7 0.4 100.0 NY BUFFALO 23 14 50.0 314.0 15588 1314 15264 1305 3.0 1.2 99.9 NY BUFFALO 29 33 51.4 280.0 15405 1311 15323 1307 4.8 2.4 100.0 NY BUFFALO 49 43 405.2 376.0 18058 1465 18045 1467 0.4 0.1 98.1 NY CARTHAGE 7 25 3437.4 221.0 24527 278 22660 256 1.8 1.5 99.9 NY CORNING 48 26 50.0 166.0 2580 118 2013 89 0.5 2.6 100.0 NY ELMIRA 18 50 50.0 372.0 10007 342 8475 273 1.0 2.0 100.0 NY ELMIRA 36 25 50.0 320.0 11727 388 10596 325 0.6 0.2 98.5 NY GARDEN CITY 21 17 146.3 122.0 9961 12113 8646 11152 3.8 4.1 99.8 NY JAMESTOWN 26 27 50.0 180.0 7497 203 6104 163 12.4 4.0 99.6 NY KINGSTON 62 69 475.1 591.0 20997 2261 17347 1626 0.0 0.0 99.9 NY NEW YORK 2 51 504.4 482.0 27100 17870 24484 17005 2.1 0.4 97.1 NY NEW YORK 4 34 383.3 515.0 28996 18205 25481 17227 0.6 0.1 96.5 NY NEW YORK 5 45 383.3 515.0 29272 18216 25473 17202 1.2 0.2 98.6 NY NEW YORK 7 22 275.1 491.0 26965 17964 24135 17167 1.0 0.3 99.3 NY NEW YORK 11 27 246.5 506.0 27501 18026 23479 17128 3.4 1.9 100.0 NY NEW YORK 25 40 142.8 395.0 17823 16535 17556 16480 8.1 2.4 99.8 NY NEW YORK 31 38 192.7 475.0 17976 16428 17818 16354 8.9 2.3 98.2 NY NORTH POLE 5 38 701.1 607.0 29995 408 26059 420 0.0 0.0 93.5 NY NORWOOD 18 15 50.0 243.0 12272 142 11656 130 0.0 0.0 100.0 NY PLATTSBURGH 57 50 50.0 741.0 16461 280 15743 274 0.0 0.0 99.9 NY POUGHKEEPSIE 54 52 412.6 490.0 19037 2524 16210 1900 0.2 0.2 99.6 NY RIVERHEAD 55 10 3.2 194.0 11081 3494 10935 3499 0.9 4.2 99.6 NY ROCHESTER 8 39 3437.7 152.0 20989 1171 18170 1097 2.0 2.1 99.9 NY ROCHESTER 10 32 3437.7 152.0 21151 1172 17574 1077 0.0 0.0 100.0 NY ROCHESTER 13 59 3437.7 152.0 21335 1183 17107 1096 0.0 0.0 100.0 NY ROCHESTER 21 16 50.0 152.0 8938 989 9362 999 0.0 0.0 94.9 NY ROCHESTER 31 28 50.0 152.0 11220 1007 11065 991 0.5 0.9 100.0 NY SCHENECTADY 6 34 5000.0 311.0 26743 1459 26139 1432 1.0 0.5 95.7 NY SCHENECTADY 17 43 171.4 299.0 16145 1157 15825 1131 4.5 2.3 99.6 NY SCHENECTADY 45 25 204.9 338.0 15211 1143 14609 1080 2.2 2.3 98.6 NY SMITHTOWN 67 36 120.2 219.0 12508 3686 12084 3179 0.4 0.1 99.9 NY SYRACUSE 3 29 5000.0 305.0 31370 1520 26554 1279 0.1 0.1 99.6"Nh 99(#%" NY SYRACUSE 5 47 5000.0 290.0 29594 1428 26725 1330 0.9 0.4 99.2 NY SYRACUSE 9 41 326.2 462.0 24593 1290 21461 1205 1.9 0.5 99.7 NY SYRACUSE 24 23 146.1 422.0 21731 1204 21022 1210 1.4 5.6 99.3 NY SYRACUSE 43 44 50.0 432.0 14699 1037 13714 977 1.9 2.8 100.0 NY SYRACUSE 68 35 50.0 448.0 18762 1141 17590 1091 0.0 0.0 100.0 NY UTICA 2 39 1252.5 421.0 26141 1134 22944 689 1.0 0.4 96.3 NY UTICA 20 27 50.0 244.0 12664 454 11853 425 2.7 0.5 100.0 NY UTICA 33 22 50.0 197.0 3746 306 3164 271 0.2 0.0 100.0 NY WATERTOWN 16 17 50.0 369.0 15527 194 15052 189 1.7 2.3 99.7 NY WATERTOWN 50 51 50.0 387.0 15349 180 14955 177 4.1 2.6 100.0 OH AKRON 23 58 374.9 293.0 20433 3711 20112 3577 0.0 0.0 97.8 OH AKRON 49 48 50.0 299.0 14134 3226 13817 3141 5.2 13.0 99.9 OH AKRON 55 31 370.6 356.0 20759 3589 19934 3533 1.6 1.5 99.9 OH ALLIANCE 45 46 81.0 253.0 15109 2218 13751 1954 5.3 4.2 100.0 OH ATHENS 20 27 50.0 244.0 13303 463 12963 447 1.7 1.2 100.0 OH BOWLING GREEN 27 20 50.0 320.0 15796 1043 16004 1108 0.0 0.0 98.7 OH CAMBRIDGE 44 35 50.0 393.0 16140 614 15147 567 1.2 0.9 100.0 OH CANTON 17 59 50.0 137.0 8475 1277 7854 1215 0.6 0.2 99.7 OH CANTON 67 47 50.0 88.0 8741 1312 8648 1319 0.0 0.0 99.1 OH CHILLICOTHE 53 44 155.1 207.0 12292 1383 11709 1351 4.5 1.1 99.7 OH CINCINNATI 5 39 4338.6 305.0 33513 3123 27995 2865 0.0 0.0 100.0 OH CINCINNATI 9 10 5.9 305.0 23042 2492 24011 2788 9.0 6.6 91.0 OH CINCINNATI 12 31 1845.6 305.0 28880 2933 25735 2820 13.2 16.6 100.0 OH CINCINNATI 48 29 124.1 326.0 19061 2333 18032 2208 7.6 6.9 99.9 OH CINCINNATI 64 33 373.6 337.0 23578 2833 22272 2793 0.6 2.6 100.0 OH CLEVELAND 3 41 4633.3 305.0 33682 4189 28663 3753 0.0 0.0 99.4 OH CLEVELAND 5 39 4112.9 311.0 33596 4111 26595 3659 0.0 0.0 100.0 OH CLEVELAND 8 4 2.8 305.0 24845 3678 26086 3633 0.0 0.0 89.3 OH CLEVELAND 25 53 112.3 304.0 16055 3148 15099 2990 11.7 5.0 98.4 OH CLEVELAND 61 28 111.0 354.0 19829 3406 20095 3415 1.0 2.7 97.9 OH COLUMBUS 4 12 15.7 274.0 24341 1947 21181 1865 0.9 0.6 94.9 OH COLUMBUS 6 13 15.5 286.0 24537 2040 22889 1849 3.3 2.5 95.0 OH COLUMBUS 10 11 5.6 271.0 22566 1928 22887 1921 7.4 6.3 94.7 OH COLUMBUS 28 56 98.3 293.0 16848 1654 16762 1645 6.0 3.3 96.9 OH COLUMBUS 34 36 50.0 329.0 7406 1230 7386 1226 4.2 1.1 100.0 OH DAYTON 2 50 4315.3 305.0 33551 3475 23929 3057 0.0 0.0 99.9 OH DAYTON 7 57 889.2 348.0 28068 3173 22920 3055 0.0 0.0 99.8 OH DAYTON 16 41 73.0 350.0 18229 2710 17793 2596 0.7 3.9 98.2 OH DAYTON 22 3 1.0 351.0 18714 2452 19134 2698 0.6 1.4 92.6 OH DAYTON 45 58 357.7 357.0 20816 2970 19098 2749 3.4 0.5 99.9 OH LIMA 35 46 50.0 165.0 10392 436 10176 428 0.6 0.4 100.0 OH LIMA 44 19 50.0 207.0 12260 488 12162 486 0.8 0.3 100.0 OH LORAIN 43 2 1.0 336.0 17232 3105 19513 3321 8.3 5.1 87.4"Oh 99(#%" OH MANSFIELD 68 38 50.0 180.0 8741 418 8467 410 0.0 0.0 100.0 OH NEWARK 51 24 50.0 189.0 9172 1114 8678 1072 0.1 0.0 100.0 OH OXFORD 14 28 50.0 91.0 5479 1014 5125 907 1.2 3.5 100.0 OH PORTSMOUTH 30 23 63.4 237.0 14382 492 13880 450 4.1 2.0 99.2 OH PORTSMOUTH 42 17 50.0 382.0 15188 530 14315 462 4.8 2.8 100.0 OH SANDUSKY 52 15 56.9 236.0 14234 700 14370 716 1.3 9.7 99.0 OH SHAKER HEIGHTS 19 20 238.0 351.0 20168 3413 17482 3042 0.6 0.6 99.5 OH SPRINGFIELD 26 18 50.0 149.0 11675 1264 11639 1262 2.3 3.7 99.6 OH STEUBENVILLE 9 57 2226.0 290.0 27632 3580 21971 2697 0.0 0.0 99.7 OH TOLEDO 11 66 1639.4 305.0 29050 4252 26947 4003 3.8 0.6 100.0 OH TOLEDO 13 42 1606.4 305.0 24858 2537 22691 2290 3.7 1.1 99.5 OH TOLEDO 24 34 329.2 424.0 22776 2105 22467 2084 5.5 1.3 100.0 OH TOLEDO 30 29 50.0 314.0 15911 1668 15847 1663 0.4 0.1 100.0 OH TOLEDO 36 17 103.1 372.0 17431 1388 17260 1381 5.8 2.2 100.0 OH TOLEDO 40 6 1.0 198.0 13622 1049 14630 1097 0.0 0.0 91.8 OH YOUNGSTOWN 21 36 248.3 302.0 20004 2521 18221 1863 7.8 6.9 100.0 OH YOUNGSTOWN 27 29 50.0 436.0 19382 2442 18680 2270 3.7 7.5 100.0 OH YOUNGSTOWN 33 34 50.0 177.0 11288 1186 11127 1166 4.5 4.5 100.0 OH ZANESVILLE 18 40 50.0 162.0 10174 370 9911 361 2.0 3.4 100.0 OK ADA 10 26 1572.2 445.0 37131 454 32793 388 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK ARDMORE 12 20 1105.7 543.0 39729 760 30153 392 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK BARTLESVILLE 17 29 265.0 316.0 15272 784 14813 771 8.6 2.9 99.4 OK CHEYENNE 12 8 6.0 299.0 27574 95 23225 79 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK CLAREMORE 35 36 143.8 256.0 14126 784 14054 782 2.2 1.7 99.9 OK ENID 20 7 3.2 136.0 6526 70 6525 70 1.8 0.5 100.0 OK EUFAULA 3 32 3315.6 399.0 35186 641 25160 347 0.0 0.0 98.7 OK LAWTON 7 22 1584.6 320.0 29935 392 27285 378 0.3 0.1 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 4 46 3491.7 469.0 42769 1363 38754 1297 0.0 0.0 99.1 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 5 28 3231.2 464.0 40088 1316 33261 1230 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 9 21 1575.1 465.0 37950 1300 34192 1262 0.2 0.1 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 13 27 1575.1 465.0 37933 1299 32525 1237 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 14 18 50.0 344.0 15271 1013 15292 1013 2.1 0.8 99.8 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 25 24 231.2 469.0 24123 1135 24048 1134 0.2 0.1 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 34 33 52.9 369.0 18427 1075 18381 1075 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 43 16 116.3 475.0 24434 1137 24153 1133 4.0 1.2 100.0 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 52 17 50.0 183.0 12313 999 12325 999 0.0 0.0 99.4 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 62 40 50.0 144.0 5006 843 4936 842 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK OKMULGEE 44 45 50.0 164.0 9916 667 9258 656 3.5 4.5 100.0 OK TULSA 2 50 3916.3 558.0 48302 1267 40216 1160 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK TULSA 6 49 3917.7 573.0 49329 1286 38744 1100 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK TULSA 8 15 1724.4 578.0 43290 1177 36759 1098 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK TULSA 11 38 1601.1 521.0 40699 1149 35480 1081 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK TULSA 23 22 223.5 399.0 24322 973 24236 974 1.2 0.9 99.2"Ph 99(#%" OK TULSA 41 42 69.6 460.0 22000 925 21371 920 0.0 0.0 100.0 OK TULSA 47 48 90.5 460.0 19240 897 19079 894 1.0 0.1 99.8 OK TULSA 53 31 417.2 460.0 28917 1023 28462 1018 0.0 0.0 99.1 OR BEND 3 43 3632.4 227.0 19290 104 22425 104 0.0 0.0 85.2 OR BEND 21 11 3.2 197.0 5857 86 5177 80 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR COOS BAY 11 21 50.0 192.0 9136 67 8889 65 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR COOS BAY 23 22 50.0 190.0 2760 51 2376 46 2.2 0.6 100.0 OR CORVALLIS 7 14 2632.2 375.0 26518 1135 23748 832 0.0 0.0 99.5 OR EUGENE 9 19 1780.7 539.0 32415 683 29222 565 0.0 0.0 99.5 OR EUGENE 13 18 1575.9 451.0 28578 668 25309 505 0.0 0.0 99.7 OR EUGENE 16 24 116.0 512.0 16247 405 15860 404 1.1 0.5 99.1 OR EUGENE 28 29 50.0 276.0 8539 321 7744 313 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR EUGENE 34 33 192.2 259.0 9217 385 8868 379 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR KLAMATH FALLS 2 40 3219.5 671.0 37253 88 44737 156 0.0 0.0 82.3 OR KLAMATH FALLS 22 16 50.0 656.0 7181 56 5802 55 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR KLAMATH FALLS 31 30 50.0 691.0 5263 55 4493 54 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR LA GRANDE 13 8 3.2 787.0 19450 46 14822 40 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR MEDFORD 5 42 2105.2 823.0 36936 323 45555 370 0.0 0.0 81.1 OR MEDFORD 8 15 973.9 818.0 34941 330 33404 322 0.0 0.0 99.7 OR MEDFORD 10 20 627.5 1009.0 35171 276 34422 271 0.0 0.0 99.5 OR MEDFORD 12 17 973.9 823.0 34625 329 31923 318 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR MEDFORD 26 27 50.0 428.0 6224 158 5583 148 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR PORTLAND 2 46 3531.7 475.0 31516 2001 36124 1990 0.0 0.0 86.6 OR PORTLAND 6 40 3898.3 533.0 33866 2024 36747 2008 0.0 0.0 90.9 OR PORTLAND 8 26 1648.9 539.0 31070 1983 28169 1838 0.1 0.0 99.6 OR PORTLAND 10 42 1617.6 530.0 29768 1957 29225 1894 0.0 0.0 98.5 OR PORTLAND 12 17 1651.3 543.0 31220 1963 28888 1885 0.0 0.0 100.0 OR PORTLAND 24 36 180.7 463.0 17844 1781 16922 1751 3.2 1.4 100.0 OR ROSEBURG 4 39 75.9 305.0 10166 81 12935 96 0.0 0.0 78.6 OR ROSEBURG 36 25 50.0 211.0 3808 68 3052 63 0.4 0.1 100.0 OR ROSEBURG 46 45 50.0 109.0 2205 64 1799 58 1.2 0.4 100.0 OR SALEM 22 20 97.4 363.0 17091 1832 15836 1404 3.5 10.1 100.0 OR SALEM 32 31 458.3 544.0 24151 1919 22831 1852 0.4 0.6 100.0 PA ALLENTOWN 39 53 50.0 302.0 12244 2632 11405 2542 8.1 16.3 99.3 PA ALLENTOWN 69 67 50.0 313.0 12230 2492 11045 2334 1.4 4.1 99.9 PA ALTOONA 10 41 2283.9 338.0 22732 812 21060 765 0.0 0.0 99.0 PA ALTOONA 23 49 50.0 324.0 6717 339 5279 276 0.4 0.1 100.0 PA ALTOONA 47 48 75.7 308.0 13090 562 12147 517 1.6 1.0 100.0 PA BETHLEHEM 60 24 50.0 225.0 4138 815 3338 714 4.8 4.7 100.0 PA CLEARFIELD 3 7 15.7 268.0 27196 738 25601 706 0.0 0.0 97.6 PA ERIE 12 32 2817.1 305.0 28392 737 24609 666 0.0 0.0 100.0 PA ERIE 24 52 50.0 290.0 12895 460 12534 448 0.1 0.0 100.0 PA ERIE 35 16 50.0 287.0 11158 430 10841 420 0.5 0.6 100.0"Qh 99(#%" PA ERIE 54 50 50.0 268.0 13600 435 13944 441 0.7 0.6 96.6 PA ERIE 66 30 50.0 271.0 11750 425 11279 408 1.9 1.4 100.0 PA GREENSBURG 40 51 50.3 299.0 13994 2535 13951 2538 2.2 4.0 98.1 PA HARRISBURG 21 4 1.0 372.0 17302 1782 15458 1624 4.2 3.5 96.9 PA HARRISBURG 27 61 114.4 346.0 14897 1589 14955 1596 2.5 1.7 97.7 PA HARRISBURG 33 34 53.5 427.0 17362 1805 17044 1768 15.4 16.0 98.5 PA HAZLETON 56 5 1.0 329.0 13323 952 9258 538 2.8 1.1 99.8 PA JOHNSTOWN 6 28 4479.8 341.0 29051 2766 27793 2676 0.1 0.0 97.8 PA JOHNSTOWN 8 58 1518.6 368.0 21779 2603 19405 2285 0.0 0.0 99.3 PA JOHNSTOWN 19 30 95.1 363.0 16823 2094 15963 1863 0.0 0.0 98.6 PA LANCASTER 8 58 512.3 415.0 25001 3749 22163 2780 1.6 1.8 99.4 PA LANCASTER 15 63 50.0 415.0 16385 2016 16308 1965 6.1 3.5 97.7 PA PHILADELPHIA 3 64 4627.7 305.0 33034 9506 26070 7557 0.0 0.0 99.9 PA PHILADELPHIA 6 46 2885.3 332.0 32543 9301 27489 7754 0.8 0.2 99.7 PA PHILADELPHIA 10 59 920.0 354.0 26686 8144 24032 7207 0.2 0.2 99.0 PA PHILADELPHIA 17 55 131.9 320.0 18783 6663 18522 6598 3.9 1.5 100.0 PA PHILADELPHIA 29 30 376.0 347.0 22567 7471 22563 7298 6.2 1.5 96.9 PA PHILADELPHIA 35 54 88.6 284.0 11660 5578 11669 5676 16.4 11.0 98.0 PA PHILADELPHIA 57 32 367.4 353.0 18658 6875 17028 6387 4.0 0.8 99.8 PA PITTSBURGH 2 25 4549.5 302.0 30756 3650 27041 3346 1.9 1.8 99.3 PA PITTSBURGH 4 50 4441.2 293.0 30917 3298 25618 3078 1.0 0.5 99.2 PA PITTSBURGH 11 38 1986.6 302.0 26425 3431 23290 3100 0.1 0.0 100.0 PA PITTSBURGH 13 26 3315.3 210.0 23674 3118 20159 2903 0.2 0.0 100.0 PA PITTSBURGH 16 54 50.0 215.0 11160 2438 11048 2423 0.7 0.2 99.4 PA PITTSBURGH 22 42 373.6 280.0 15066 2667 13641 2526 0.9 3.4 100.0 PA PITTSBURGH 53 43 131.3 312.0 17794 2839 17115 2763 4.7 3.2 99.9 PA READING 51 25 414.9 395.0 20082 6868 17633 5229 13.4 16.1 98.5 PA RED LION 49 47 50.0 177.0 10108 1531 9209 1378 3.6 3.6 99.2 PA SCRANTON 16 9 3.2 506.0 21064 1630 16763 1223 4.9 8.9 99.5 PA SCRANTON 22 11 3.2 505.0 24155 1832 20308 1494 5.1 10.1 98.8 PA SCRANTON 38 2 1.0 385.0 18459 1081 14045 814 10.7 5.7 99.4 PA SCRANTON 44 41 51.0 509.0 16026 1241 15142 1104 4.0 4.2 97.5 PA SCRANTON 64 31 50.0 374.0 3899 502 2930 455 7.3 1.5 100.0 PA WILKES-BARRE 28 13 3.2 509.0 24079 1825 21142 1595 6.3 7.2 98.0 PA WILLIAMSPORT 53 17 50.0 222.0 3914 165 2606 121 0.2 0.0 100.0 PA YORK 43 42 128.4 415.0 20891 3106 18497 2460 4.4 7.5 100.0 RI BLOCK ISLAND 69 21 183.6 213.0 13118 1702 12710 1648 0.7 0.4 99.4 RI PROVIDENCE 10 15 1743.9 305.0 26515 5622 24094 5219 4.5 1.6 99.5 RI PROVIDENCE 12 13 5.8 305.0 27386 5977 26294 5503 4.8 1.4 99.2 RI PROVIDENCE 36 41 50.0 182.0 12112 3069 11271 2595 13.6 10.6 100.0 RI PROVIDENCE 64 19 248.0 315.0 16789 4069 15421 3023 4.6 7.6 99.6 SC ALLENDALE 14 33 50.0 244.0 12330 271 12307 268 0.6 0.5 99.9 SC ANDERSON 40 41 149.1 311.0 15845 1026 15052 989 0.2 0.0 99.7"Rh 99(#%" SC BEAUFORT 16 18 50.0 390.0 18136 627 18124 627 0.1 0.1 100.0 SC CHARLESTON 2 41 3916.4 594.0 51200 995 45970 825 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC CHARLESTON 4 51 3913.3 597.0 51449 976 42310 717 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC CHARLESTON 5 47 3913.3 597.0 51543 989 46902 833 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC CHARLESTON 7 32 1643.2 564.0 33395 826 30944 757 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC CHARLESTON 24 42 411.5 542.0 27415 667 26294 642 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC CHARLESTON 36 35 50.0 233.0 10996 481 10996 481 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC COLUMBIA 10 8 7.6 472.0 35450 1322 33935 1224 8.9 8.6 98.4 SC COLUMBIA 19 50 413.5 533.0 27196 1012 26332 971 0.4 0.0 99.9 SC COLUMBIA 25 23 229.3 253.0 16321 761 15180 743 0.7 0.3 99.2 SC COLUMBIA 35 34 50.0 314.0 14243 723 14075 717 8.2 3.7 99.8 SC COLUMBIA 57 48 284.6 193.0 14152 729 14011 728 0.2 0.1 100.0 SC CONWAY 23 45 73.5 250.0 15290 424 14818 408 0.0 0.1 100.0 SC FLORENCE 13 56 1745.3 594.0 44181 1428 39658 1319 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC FLORENCE 15 14 67.6 594.0 26530 979 26348 969 0.8 0.4 100.0 SC FLORENCE 21 20 127.8 567.0 21284 732 20781 721 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC FLORENCE 33 17 50.0 241.0 12355 377 12120 375 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC GREENVILLE 4 60 3917.3 610.0 42709 1980 39512 1776 0.0 0.0 94.0 SC GREENVILLE 16 35 50.0 351.0 14943 1051 15069 1049 0.1 0.0 97.7 SC GREENVILLE 29 2 1.0 392.0 21173 1279 19281 1180 1.6 1.2 98.9 SC GREENWOOD 38 52 76.2 235.0 14773 793 14632 768 2.9 3.0 100.0 SC HARDEEVILLE 28 27 415.3 457.0 24200 560 24153 559 0.1 0.0 100.0 SC MYRTLE BEACH 43 30 50.0 183.0 8623 199 8623 199 0.0 0.0 100.0 SC ROCK HILL 30 31 50.0 210.0 11648 1016 11280 993 5.4 2.6 99.6 SC ROCK HILL 55 28 413.1 570.0 32899 2332 31207 2273 7.4 6.2 99.8 SC SPARTANBURG 7 56 1780.8 610.0 39690 2259 38858 2202 0.0 0.0 98.6 SC SPARTANBURG 49 43 86.2 296.0 16934 1121 16501 1074 5.1 5.8 99.9 SC SUMTER 27 29 50.0 354.0 16419 669 15913 519 2.6 1.0 100.0 SC SUMTER 63 40 50.0 165.0 2622 121 2591 121 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD ABERDEEN 9 22 1574.9 427.0 34680 133 28761 112 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD ABERDEEN 16 17 65.0 357.0 18671 70 18002 65 7.3 6.8 100.0 SD BROOKINGS 8 26 2359.5 229.0 24444 138 20463 128 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD EAGLE BUTTE 13 19 1653.6 518.0 40277 20 34958 17 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD FLORENCE 3 32 3675.5 512.0 46183 202 44377 199 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD HURON 12 21 2622.7 259.0 27093 81 21771 70 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD LEAD 5 51 3917.6 564.0 45844 148 44876 150 0.0 0.0 97.8 SD LEAD 11 24 1780.8 576.0 41626 146 39252 146 0.7 0.2 100.0 SD LOWRY 11 15 1167.8 317.0 28173 29 21623 24 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD MARTIN 8 22 2625.3 265.0 26167 29 23673 25 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD MITCHELL 5 48 3295.6 460.0 42530 379 38561 345 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD PIERRE 4 28 3625.6 378.0 37396 52 33013 47 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD PIERRE 10 14 1606.6 488.0 39320 63 32322 55 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD RAPID CITY 3 33 5000.0 201.0 25156 130 24275 130 0.0 0.0 96.7"Sh 99(#%" SD RAPID CITY 7 17 2782.9 204.0 21250 123 18383 118 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD RAPID CITY 9 18 147.0 198.0 13802 107 13003 107 0.0 0.0 99.4 SD RAPID CITY 15 14 50.0 155.0 9473 101 9236 98 4.4 0.7 99.8 SD RELIANCE 6 45 3836.3 338.0 35350 59 32529 56 0.0 0.0 99.9 SD SIOUX FALLS 11 30 1764.3 610.0 43682 483 34266 413 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD SIOUX FALLS 13 29 1764.3 610.0 44350 514 35390 419 0.0 0.0 100.0 SD SIOUX FALLS 17 15 50.0 151.0 5958 152 5942 152 0.1 0.0 100.0 SD SIOUX FALLS 23 24 50.0 54.0 1411 120 1411 120 0.1 0.0 100.0 SD VERMILLION 2 39 5000.0 232.0 29951 441 29253 439 0.0 0.0 99.9 TN CHATTANOOGA 3 49 5000.0 320.0 29105 1109 27543 1021 0.0 0.0 96.0 TN CHATTANOOGA 9 56 3414.2 317.0 25295 1017 22050 889 0.0 0.0 99.6 TN CHATTANOOGA 12 41 3088.7 384.0 29528 1123 26063 999 1.6 1.1 99.5 TN CHATTANOOGA 45 44 86.4 329.0 15572 754 14939 732 3.0 3.8 99.5 TN CHATTANOOGA 61 40 315.4 370.0 16765 793 15716 752 0.0 0.0 98.5 TN CLEVELAND 53 21 60.2 356.0 12764 735 11670 700 0.4 0.7 99.9 TN COOKEVILLE 22 52 68.9 425.0 18957 321 18766 319 1.0 1.2 99.9 TN COOKEVILLE 28 11 3.2 279.0 10631 198 9523 188 4.5 3.5 100.0 TN CROSSVILLE 20 35 50.0 48.0 1251 31 1174 30 0.2 0.0 100.0 TN GREENEVILLE 39 42 254.4 802.0 21581 1081 20178 983 0.7 0.6 99.7 TN HENDERSONVILLE 50 14 298.0 235.0 13049 1015 12512 989 4.9 4.7 99.9 TN JACKSON 7 28 1590.8 323.0 29494 563 25769 509 0.0 0.0 100.0 TN JACKSON 16 38 338.8 322.0 18466 414 18352 413 4.8 2.7 100.0 TN JELLICO 54 33 50.0 395.0 5477 266 4195 201 0.9 3.3 100.0 TN JOHNSON CITY 11 12 8.1 707.0 33501 1140 30229 1025 0.1 0.0 98.5 TN KINGSPORT 19 20 76.3 707.0 18281 705 17398 685 0.7 0.5 99.5 TN KNOXVILLE 6 51 3411.6 454.0 32786 1213 33498 1190 0.0 0.0 91.5 TN KNOXVILLE 8 30 1490.1 382.0 21470 976 20100 940 0.0 0.0 99.7 TN KNOXVILLE 10 31 1688.7 546.0 33798 1216 30251 1122 0.7 0.4 99.6 TN KNOXVILLE 15 36 141.0 513.0 18032 900 17785 894 0.1 0.0 99.9 TN KNOXVILLE 43 17 118.2 351.0 14791 832 13940 808 1.6 1.4 100.0 TN LEBANON 66 32 92.9 161.0 10088 935 9326 892 0.0 0.0 99.5 TN LEXINGTON 11 41 3324.7 195.0 23965 476 20661 419 0.1 0.0 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 3 43 4148.7 305.0 33307 1436 24966 1294 0.0 0.0 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 5 34 4047.7 308.0 33881 1448 29716 1381 0.0 0.0 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 10 29 1538.6 329.0 29871 1365 24936 1277 0.0 0.0 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 13 33 1675.0 308.0 28827 1345 25718 1299 0.0 0.0 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 24 23 184.7 308.0 19585 1168 19503 1167 1.6 0.2 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 30 31 369.9 305.0 17030 1119 16955 1118 0.6 0.1 100.0 TN MEMPHIS 50 21 58.0 315.0 16502 1135 16408 1134 1.5 0.2 100.0 TN MURFREESBORO 39 23 361.0 250.0 15406 1092 14661 1065 3.1 2.5 99.9 TN NASHVILLE 2 47 3277.0 411.0 38177 1654 32832 1476 0.0 0.0 99.8 TN NASHVILLE 4 42 3203.5 434.0 39763 1671 35192 1571 0.0 0.0 99.9 TN NASHVILLE 5 46 3297.7 425.0 39656 1695 34091 1564 0.0 0.0 99.9"Th 99(#%" TN NASHVILLE 8 55 1539.7 390.0 32195 1494 29216 1428 0.2 0.2 99.9 TN NASHVILLE 17 26 206.3 354.0 22119 1304 21847 1298 0.8 0.2 99.9 TN NASHVILLE 30 10 3.2 430.0 23789 1360 23218 1350 0.8 0.2 100.0 TN NASHVILLE 58 43 234.1 240.0 13729 1064 14212 1086 0.6 1.7 94.3 TN SNEEDVILLE 2 24 3917.7 536.0 39891 1719 39669 1663 0.8 1.4 94.7 TX ABILENE 9 10 5.8 259.0 25559 217 20324 204 2.2 1.0 99.0 TX ABILENE 32 33 106.9 280.0 17066 179 17001 179 1.9 0.9 100.0 TX ALVIN 67 42 413.1 543.0 25783 3766 25880 3767 0.0 0.0 99.6 TX AMARILLO 2 40 3440.9 401.0 38421 317 36525 311 0.0 0.0 99.9 TX AMARILLO 4 24 3511.9 433.0 40858 325 39298 324 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX AMARILLO 7 17 1654.1 518.0 40040 319 35862 316 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX AMARILLO 10 9 7.9 466.0 36964 314 33342 304 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX AMARILLO 14 16 67.5 464.0 21604 282 21493 282 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX ARLINGTON 68 45 394.6 421.0 22774 3971 22508 3965 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX AUSTIN 7 59 1549.7 384.0 32139 1334 30108 1264 0.8 2.2 100.0 TX AUSTIN 18 22 98.9 335.0 17057 895 16894 892 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX AUSTIN 24 33 114.0 387.0 21141 965 19569 941 1.5 0.3 100.0 TX AUSTIN 36 21 117.9 392.0 21343 967 20272 930 0.2 0.0 100.0 TX AUSTIN 42 43 159.8 393.0 17498 899 17409 899 1.3 0.1 98.5 TX AUSTIN 54 49 191.9 267.0 14242 877 13240 863 2.7 0.3 100.0 TX BAYTOWN 57 43 409.1 585.0 28849 3654 28813 3651 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX BEAUMONT 6 50 4147.1 293.0 34052 702 29150 642 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX BEAUMONT 12 21 1597.9 305.0 27420 649 24276 601 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX BEAUMONT 34 33 50.0 312.0 13946 538 13946 538 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX BELTON 46 47 50.0 384.0 16031 642 15413 576 1.5 6.1 100.0 TX BIG SPRING 4 49 286.9 116.0 12240 56 12111 56 0.0 0.0 99.9 TX BLANCO 52 45 417.2 498.0 31155 2233 29868 2182 5.1 21.5 100.0 TX BROWNSVILLE 23 58 164.7 445.0 18484 666 18484 666 0.0 0.1 100.0 TX BRYAN 3 41 2359.3 515.0 42528 2841 30232 520 0.0 0.0 99.7 TX BRYAN 28 29 50.0 153.0 6744 157 6733 157 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX COLLEGE STATION 15 23 50.0 119.0 3410 130 3410 130 14.9 1.1 100.0 TX CONROE 49 5 1.0 359.0 16561 3380 14159 2264 1.0 0.0 100.0 TX CONROE 55 32 374.9 302.0 21979 3249 21928 3248 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX CORPUS CHRISTI 3 43 4647.9 262.0 31487 490 30545 489 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX CORPUS CHRISTI 6 47 4206.7 291.0 29036 495 28243 490 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX CORPUS CHRISTI 10 32 1858.0 287.0 28050 493 27256 490 0.3 0.0 100.0 TX CORPUS CHRISTI 16 22 64.4 296.0 13621 442 13621 442 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX CORPUS CHRISTI 28 27 55.3 232.0 10458 417 10458 417 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX DALLAS 4 35 3846.9 511.0 46883 4409 41805 4285 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX DALLAS 8 9 8.2 512.0 39667 4195 36852 4160 0.0 0.0 99.9 TX DALLAS 13 14 1574.9 469.0 39003 4204 35042 4143 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX DALLAS 27 18 413.1 515.0 26608 4032 26441 4030 2.3 0.2 100.0 TX DALLAS 33 32 413.1 518.0 27206 4037 26823 4032 2.1 0.3 100.0"Uh 99(#%" TX DALLAS 39 38 355.9 512.0 25725 4019 25520 4016 1.4 0.1 100.0 TX DALLAS 58 36 417.2 438.0 23605 3971 23458 3971 0.1 0.0 99.9 TX DECATUR 29 30 173.7 160.0 10986 3678 11473 3697 4.0 0.7 95.4 TX DEL RIO 10 13 6.3 352.0 21450 99 19950 99 0.0 0.0 99.8 TX DENTON 2 31 3275.9 412.0 40386 4218 37791 4179 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX EAGLE PASS 16 18 50.0 85.0 1957 35 1957 35 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX EL PASO 4 50 5000.0 475.0 39091 722 39727 722 0.0 0.0 97.4 TX EL PASO 7 53 3437.7 265.0 24972 722 23682 722 0.0 0.0 99.7 TX EL PASO 9 36 2010.2 582.0 40618 725 37799 724 0.0 0.0 99.9 TX EL PASO 13 54 2282.7 265.0 23115 720 22034 720 0.0 0.0 99.7 TX EL PASO 14 60 50.0 604.0 18187 715 17788 715 0.7 0.0 100.0 TX EL PASO 26 51 126.5 457.0 15450 714 15425 714 0.2 0.0 99.6 TX EL PASO 38 67 50.0 557.0 8534 629 8096 629 11.2 16.9 100.0 TX EL PASO 65 39 91.5 557.0 19642 713 18637 713 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX FORT WORTH 5 43 3793.5 514.0 46940 4409 40583 4228 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX FORT WORTH 11 19 1587.0 509.0 41046 4246 35593 4153 0.2 0.0 100.0 TX FORT WORTH 21 57 402.1 503.0 26374 4022 26250 4019 1.8 0.1 100.0 TX FORT WORTH 52 42 365.6 328.0 14335 3803 14891 3821 0.0 0.0 92.7 TX FREDERICKSBURG 2 38 5000.0 175.0 16312 163 13799 119 0.0 0.0 99.7 TX GALVESTON 22 31 411.7 566.0 28982 3655 28976 3654 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX GALVESTON 48 47 349.1 358.0 19582 3481 19145 3363 0.1 0.0 100.0 TX GARLAND 23 24 277.6 348.0 12198 3082 11933 3001 0.1 0.2 100.0 TX GREENVILLE 47 46 50.0 155.0 2737 73 2737 73 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX HARLINGEN 4 46 3169.6 396.0 39143 687 37259 686 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX HARLINGEN 44 34 81.8 296.0 14453 657 14450 657 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX HARLINGEN 60 61 124.4 372.0 15628 662 15628 662 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX HOUSTON 2 35 3917.3 588.0 51691 3941 45893 3865 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX HOUSTON 8 9 8.4 564.0 38469 3868 37963 3852 0.1 0.0 99.2 TX HOUSTON 11 10 8.5 570.0 44636 3888 43677 3878 0.0 0.0 99.7 TX HOUSTON 13 30 1716.1 588.0 45135 3899 42536 3869 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX HOUSTON 14 24 349.5 438.0 23360 3740 23332 3740 0.2 0.0 100.0 TX HOUSTON 20 19 412.7 552.0 26048 3766 26014 3766 0.2 0.0 100.0 TX HOUSTON 26 27 408.5 594.0 30216 3817 30100 3807 0.8 0.0 100.0 TX HOUSTON 39 38 408.5 594.0 28371 3780 28340 3779 2.0 0.1 100.0 TX HOUSTON 61 46 372.2 443.0 23733 3725 23712 3725 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX IRVING 49 50 380.6 365.0 20841 3927 20667 3922 0.2 0.0 100.0 TX JACKSONVILLE 56 48 415.8 482.0 21910 575 21763 574 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX KATY 51 52 145.1 500.0 21604 3711 21444 3706 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX KERRVILLE 35 17 413.1 536.0 23673 1416 22867 1409 4.2 2.6 100.0 TX KILLEEN 62 51 217.3 408.0 18826 563 18703 562 0.0 0.0 99.9 TX LAKE DALLAS 55 41 153.6 142.0 10795 3660 10705 3644 0.0 0.0 98.7 TX LAREDO 8 14 1668.0 312.0 26403 140 25686 137 3.7 1.3 100.0 TX LAREDO 13 54 466.3 280.0 20988 143 20302 142 0.2 0.0 100.0"Vh 99(#%" TX LAREDO 27 25 166.4 67.0 6588 132 6564 132 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX LLANO 14 27 198.4 269.0 17332 169 15970 107 13.5 12.4 100.0 TX LONGVIEW 51 52 346.9 381.0 19025 549 18395 533 0.3 0.2 99.9 TX LUBBOCK 5 44 5000.0 226.0 28985 362 28531 362 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX LUBBOCK 11 20 3039.7 232.0 25714 350 24581 349 0.5 0.0 100.0 TX LUBBOCK 13 19 2653.3 268.0 25426 343 24324 343 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX LUBBOCK 28 27 94.0 256.0 15743 299 15657 299 0.0 0.1 100.0 TX LUBBOCK 34 35 217.1 256.0 14941 294 14881 294 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX LUFKIN 9 15 1412.7 204.0 18383 224 16145 205 7.5 7.6 100.0 TX MCALLEN 48 30 138.8 197.0 12790 652 12790 652 0.0 0.4 100.0 TX MIDLAND 2 47 3960.6 323.0 35229 344 33673 340 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX NACOGDOCHES 19 25 50.0 222.0 7787 137 7760 137 9.4 4.4 100.0 TX ODESSA 7 18 3267.6 226.0 25908 279 25359 278 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX ODESSA 9 14 1541.4 387.0 33954 335 30047 297 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX ODESSA 24 25 174.5 335.0 18048 279 18046 279 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX ODESSA 36 16 50.0 88.0 4851 225 4846 225 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX ODESSA 42 41 50.0 146.0 7697 244 7681 244 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX PORT ARTHUR 4 40 3374.3 360.0 37387 793 33820 764 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX ROSENBERG 45 44 129.8 439.0 20397 3687 20335 3685 0.1 0.0 100.0 TX SAN ANGELO 3 31 632.2 183.0 17609 120 16538 119 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX SAN ANGELO 6 50 5000.0 277.0 31860 143 26567 127 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX SAN ANGELO 8 11 7.1 442.0 33616 157 30118 150 0.1 0.0 99.5 TX SAN ANTONIO 4 50 3301.1 451.0 41632 1711 37666 1604 0.0 0.0 99.7 TX SAN ANTONIO 5 48 3162.7 424.0 40188 1660 36658 1587 0.0 0.1 99.9 TX SAN ANTONIO 9 8 5.4 283.0 25635 1499 26004 1502 0.0 0.1 96.9 TX SAN ANTONIO 12 31 1569.0 451.0 37096 1597 35552 1571 0.1 0.1 99.8 TX SAN ANTONIO 23 19 65.9 261.0 10861 1349 10723 1344 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX SAN ANTONIO 29 30 406.8 443.0 23150 1492 22961 1488 0.1 0.1 99.5 TX SAN ANTONIO 41 16 50.0 152.0 10838 1369 10589 1364 8.9 4.2 99.9 TX SAN ANTONIO 60 39 408.2 456.0 21455 1476 20475 1461 0.7 0.6 100.0 TX SWEETWATER 12 23 1573.9 427.0 34286 240 30547 228 1.2 0.4 100.0 TX TEMPLE 6 40 3917.6 573.0 49397 1373 35539 962 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX TEXARKANA 6 42 3442.6 482.0 43946 1018 32501 883 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX TYLER 7 22 1910.5 302.0 29070 702 23948 609 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX VICTORIA 19 14 50.0 149.0 7080 109 7081 109 0.2 0.0 100.0 TX VICTORIA 25 15 112.8 311.0 15404 160 15374 160 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX WACO 10 53 1064.7 552.0 39518 872 35829 822 4.1 4.1 100.0 TX WACO 25 26 402.3 558.0 27713 684 25638 590 0.3 0.1 100.0 TX WACO 34 12 3.2 155.0 4708 200 4670 200 0.1 0.0 100.0 TX WACO 44 20 316.5 552.0 23741 653 23333 618 2.5 0.9 99.9 TX WESLACO 5 20 4215.0 290.0 33612 675 32202 674 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX WICHITA FALLS 3 48 4068.7 305.0 33976 388 31010 372 0.0 0.0 100.0 TX WICHITA FALLS 6 51 3988.0 311.0 34271 392 28430 357 0.0 0.0 100.0"Wh 99(#%" TX WICHITA FALLS 18 15 169.3 329.0 16650 313 16582 313 2.9 2.9 100.0 UT CEDAR CITY 4 26 1188.2 836.0 36037 75 41583 86 0.0 0.0 86.0 UT OGDEN 9 22 628.5 893.0 21917 1379 21769 1377 0.2 0.0 99.3 UT OGDEN 30 29 111.1 1190.0 21679 1365 20573 1360 0.0 0.0 100.0 UT PROVO 11 10 5.4 896.0 28676 1394 24874 1368 0.0 0.0 100.0 UT PROVO 16 17 401.3 57.0 7517 311 7037 298 0.0 0.0 100.0 UT SALT LAKE CITY 2 43 972.6 1180.0 34805 1404 47882 1487 0.0 0.0 72.4 UT SALT LAKE CITY 4 51 973.3 1180.0 34415 1398 44490 1475 0.0 0.0 75.9 UT SALT LAKE CITY 5 48 1030.1 1152.0 35389 1401 47824 1472 0.0 0.0 74.0 UT SALT LAKE CITY 7 8 5.1 924.0 34888 1410 30963 1395 0.0 0.0 100.0 UT SALT LAKE CITY 13 19 446.8 1116.0 22451 1391 19795 1362 0.0 0.0 99.9 UT SALT LAKE CITY 14 26 97.9 1181.0 25019 1369 23632 1364 0.0 0.0 100.0 UT ST. GEORGE 12 2 1.0 42.0 1822 42 1647 41 0.0 0.0 100.0 VA ARLINGTON 14 15 132.5 219.0 14888 5063 14857 5069 1.1 0.9 98.9 VA ASHLAND 65 42 65.0 262.0 12615 960 11509 941 0.4 0.1 100.0 VA BRISTOL 5 23 3131.7 680.0 38717 1345 39282 1381 0.0 0.0 91.2 VA CHARLOTTESVILLE 29 28 392.1 363.0 21407 626 20105 564 3.4 11.2 99.8 VA CHARLOTTESVILLE 41 32 50.0 352.0 8294 211 7866 201 4.2 1.5 99.8 VA CHARLOTTESVILLE 64 47 224.1 423.0 20324 496 18342 420 0.9 0.5 100.0 VA DANVILLE 24 23 50.0 107.0 5471 267 5328 261 7.3 6.7 99.8 VA FAIRFAX 56 48 50.0 223.0 12848 4537 11889 4176 0.2 0.4 99.5 VA FRONT ROYAL 42 23 50.0 398.0 8101 253 6355 226 1.3 1.5 100.0 VA GOLDVEIN 53 46 105.4 229.0 15111 3748 13967 2840 0.3 0.0 99.9 VA GRUNDY 68 50 64.3 763.0 20839 752 19361 710 0.0 0.0 100.0 VA HAMPTON 13 52 1664.6 301.0 29087 1719 23718 1591 0.0 0.0 100.0 VA HAMPTON-NORFOLK 15 16 147.2 296.0 16854 1547 16854 1547 0.2 0.0 100.0 VA HARRISONBURG 3 22 148.3 646.0 17687 435 21262 533 1.3 0.6 78.6 VA LYNCHBURG 13 49 1686.4 625.0 34022 1051 27123 835 0.0 0.0 98.5 VA LYNCHBURG 21 3 1.0 500.0 21080 747 17295 593 1.6 8.4 98.6 VA MANASSAS 66 34 229.8 168.0 13548 3878 13332 4026 0.5 1.3 98.0 VA MARION 52 48 50.0 445.0 12351 331 11026 298 1.6 1.0 99.8 VA NORFOLK 3 39 4056.5 299.0 34452 1833 26743 1740 0.0 0.0 100.0 VA NORFOLK 33 14 370.9 277.0 14124 1496 14124 1496 0.7 0.2 100.0 VA NORFOLK 49 50 50.0 155.0 6592 1353 6592 1353 0.1 0.0 100.0 VA NORTON 47 32 50.0 591.0 19196 749 16984 655 0.9 1.7 100.0 VA PETERSBURG 8 58 1394.8 320.0 28446 1275 25182 1189 0.0 0.0 100.0 VA PORTSMOUTH 10 11 5.7 302.0 27493 1703 27601 1650 0.0 0.0 97.7 VA PORTSMOUTH 27 26 125.3 296.0 18432 1558 18432 1558 0.8 0.3 100.0 VA RICHMOND 6 31 4739.9 256.0 31956 1482 27086 1365 4.7 4.2 100.0 VA RICHMOND 12 54 2935.4 241.0 26460 1271 21106 1106 0.2 0.1 99.9 VA RICHMOND 23 24 180.5 327.0 20640 1065 20599 1064 0.0 0.0 100.0 VA RICHMOND 35 20 153.1 384.0 22486 1076 22387 1084 4.2 2.4 98.6 VA RICHMOND 57 45 50.0 293.0 15022 958 14951 957 1.0 0.1 100.0"Xh 99(#%" VA ROANOKE 7 18 1780.8 610.0 38019 1237 34211 1137 0.0 0.0 99.5 VA ROANOKE 10 56 1737.5 610.0 33842 1151 31596 1094 0.0 0.0 98.1 VA ROANOKE 15 17 108.9 634.0 19970 742 18521 720 0.3 0.4 99.2 VA ROANOKE 27 14 197.4 607.0 20091 849 17749 783 4.1 3.2 100.0 VA ROANOKE 38 36 78.4 616.0 14883 661 14055 644 0.5 0.3 99.7 VA STAUNTON 51 50 50.0 680.0 7063 232 6700 227 0.8 0.1 99.9 VA VIRGINIA BEACH 43 19 355.9 261.0 19729 1577 19729 1577 0.3 0.0 100.0 VT BURLINGTON 3 34 1188.3 835.0 42109 558 40319 580 0.0 0.0 92.8 VT BURLINGTON 22 16 59.3 835.0 25552 463 23400 430 0.2 0.2 100.0 VT BURLINGTON 33 32 86.4 815.0 25061 449 23463 426 1.2 1.1 100.0 VT BURLINGTON 44 14 98.1 397.0 16161 328 14372 311 0.0 0.0 100.0 VT HARTFORD 31 35 151.2 677.0 15670 348 15516 344 2.8 2.8 96.1 VT RUTLAND 28 29 50.0 429.0 10753 247 9596 236 0.0 0.0 100.0 VT ST. JOHNSBURY 20 19 50.0 592.0 15745 161 13193 133 0.1 0.1 100.0 VT WINDSOR 41 58 57.3 684.0 17143 400 16410 381 0.7 0.5 98.9 WA BELLEVUE 33 32 50.0 286.0 3966 1918 3450 1854 12.1 16.3 100.0 WA BELLEVUE 51 50 91.8 739.0 22895 2988 22442 2980 0.4 1.1 100.0 WA BELLINGHAM 12 34 1240.6 722.0 41575 1328 38536 565 0.0 0.0 99.8 WA BELLINGHAM 24 17 50.0 676.0 5867 201 5517 188 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA CENTRALIA 15 38 50.0 347.0 11269 318 10313 266 0.1 0.4 100.0 WA EVERETT 16 35 415.5 389.0 20637 2985 19838 2924 1.6 0.6 100.0 WA KENNEWICK 42 41 50.0 390.0 15097 248 14558 236 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA PASCO 19 18 50.0 366.0 14628 220 14137 202 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA PULLMAN 10 17 571.8 408.0 26226 240 25417 201 0.0 0.0 99.8 WA RICHLAND 25 15 50.0 411.0 16427 266 15907 253 0.1 0.2 100.0 WA RICHLAND 31 9 3.2 370.0 6855 161 6320 157 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA SEATTLE 4 43 4049.5 351.0 32041 3083 33746 3092 0.0 0.0 94.3 WA SEATTLE 5 39 3993.0 356.0 32384 3084 32217 3064 0.0 0.0 95.6 WA SEATTLE 7 53 3214.1 250.0 24407 3019 24126 3019 0.0 0.0 98.8 WA SEATTLE 9 25 2970.2 252.0 24872 3026 23444 2989 0.0 0.0 99.8 WA SEATTLE 22 23 363.5 366.0 16178 2951 14838 2884 0.2 0.0 99.9 WA SEATTLE 45 44 405.6 393.0 17472 2908 17382 2936 2.8 2.0 98.4 WA SPOKANE 2 65 3219.5 671.0 43342 552 47159 554 0.0 0.0 89.6 WA SPOKANE 4 38 1582.9 933.0 45182 536 50307 552 0.0 0.0 88.8 WA SPOKANE 6 39 3312.4 653.0 43663 540 46614 568 1.4 6.0 92.5 WA SPOKANE 7 54 1771.4 558.0 34790 533 34950 528 0.0 0.0 97.2 WA SPOKANE 22 55 50.0 429.0 14926 422 14977 420 0.0 0.0 98.4 WA SPOKANE 28 57 163.8 601.0 24732 466 24285 463 0.0 0.0 99.9 WA TACOMA 11 14 1534.9 363.0 29020 3057 26175 2983 0.0 0.0 99.8 WA TACOMA 13 18 1774.2 610.0 36372 3186 31851 3028 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA TACOMA 20 19 263.9 491.0 20136 2960 19498 2901 0.4 0.1 99.8 WA TACOMA 28 27 50.0 232.0 11259 2460 10763 2436 4.7 18.2 99.6 WA TACOMA 56 41 415.9 570.0 28552 3099 27427 3080 0.3 1.9 100.0"Yh 99(#%" WA VANCOUVER 49 48 79.1 527.0 15699 1745 15242 1722 0.0 0.1 100.0 WA WENATCHEE 27 56 50.0 424.0 9652 99 8099 95 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA YAKIMA 23 24 50.0 293.0 8926 192 8207 192 0.0 0.0 99.7 WA YAKIMA 29 52 50.0 296.0 9134 196 8706 195 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA YAKIMA 35 34 50.0 293.0 9572 198 8890 197 0.0 0.0 100.0 WA YAKIMA 47 16 50.0 280.0 9743 197 8633 197 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI APPLETON 32 31 50.0 336.0 16910 751 16710 737 0.0 0.1 100.0 WI CHIPPEWA FALLS 48 49 56.4 213.0 12350 246 12231 245 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI EAU CLAIRE 13 16 1768.9 607.0 43443 773 37350 633 0.0 0.0 99.8 WI EAU CLAIRE 18 14 50.0 226.0 8396 200 8261 198 3.7 2.7 100.0 WI FOND DU LAC 68 50 413.7 506.0 28718 2312 30247 2601 0.0 0.0 93.3 WI GREEN BAY 2 51 3663.6 381.0 38545 1056 35877 1002 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI GREEN BAY 5 45 4120.1 341.0 36018 1030 34082 986 0.0 0.0 99.9 WI GREEN BAY 11 23 1541.7 384.0 33885 1009 32173 958 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI GREEN BAY 26 25 144.9 360.0 17811 843 17669 833 1.2 1.7 100.0 WI GREEN BAY 38 39 50.0 360.0 17909 733 17707 726 0.1 0.0 100.0 WI JANESVILLE 57 32 50.0 123.0 8864 787 8905 795 0.5 3.9 98.7 WI KENOSHA 55 16 50.0 137.0 6912 1850 6854 1747 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI LA CROSSE 8 43 1583.8 469.0 37577 673 29542 527 0.1 0.1 100.0 WI LA CROSSE 19 17 50.0 347.0 14988 286 14431 273 8.1 4.1 99.9 WI LA CROSSE 25 23 50.0 306.0 12036 244 11173 216 0.4 0.1 100.0 WI LA CROSSE 31 36 52.7 347.0 16921 299 16479 290 0.3 0.9 100.0 WI MADISON 3 29 582.2 469.0 31332 1323 25937 1063 0.9 3.4 99.9 WI MADISON 15 19 50.0 354.0 17245 786 16993 780 3.9 1.5 99.7 WI MADISON 21 20 54.2 453.0 20887 850 20636 842 2.9 2.8 99.4 WI MADISON 27 26 50.0 381.0 17989 806 17907 804 1.1 1.6 99.2 WI MADISON 47 48 50.0 357.0 16948 740 16579 734 2.9 3.9 99.7 WI MANITOWOC 16 17 50.0 129.0 2896 76 2896 76 1.4 1.4 100.0 WI MAYVILLE 52 44 119.8 233.0 13018 758 13050 769 3.0 3.0 99.3 WI MENOMONIE 28 27 51.9 346.0 17029 351 15961 311 0.2 0.5 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 4 40 4102.8 305.0 34797 2896 24807 2169 0.0 0.0 99.5 WI MILWAUKEE 6 42 4138.1 305.0 34373 2855 22620 2061 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 10 33 1670.0 308.0 29499 2569 24186 2113 0.3 0.1 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 12 8 5.9 305.0 27427 2480 22909 2057 0.0 0.0 96.3 WI MILWAUKEE 18 34 374.2 307.0 18656 2109 18433 2085 4.1 5.5 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 24 28 182.8 313.0 16440 2009 16340 2002 9.7 3.7 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 30 22 50.0 293.0 13189 1831 13133 1829 0.9 0.5 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 36 35 114.2 283.0 14831 1874 14786 1872 0.7 0.7 100.0 WI MILWAUKEE 58 46 123.7 163.0 10822 1766 10596 1760 3.4 0.7 99.7 WI PARK FALLS 36 38 50.0 445.0 19783 106 19169 99 0.3 0.3 100.0 WI RACINE 49 41 111.6 149.0 10592 1904 10672 1814 4.9 2.6 93.6 WI RHINELANDER 12 22 1578.1 506.0 39945 345 30460 249 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI SUPERIOR 6 47 5000.0 308.0 33338 289 29135 257 0.0 0.0 99.8"Zh 99(#%" WI SURING 14 21 50.0 189.0 8287 99 8260 99 0.1 0.0 100.0 WI WAUSAU 7 24 1536.3 369.0 32521 494 27221 430 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI WAUSAU 9 41 1536.3 369.0 32515 494 25840 433 0.0 0.0 100.0 WI WAUSAU 20 15 67.0 300.0 16560 344 16530 344 2.3 0.9 99.9 WV BLUEFIELD 6 34 1963.5 372.0 25413 703 24940 687 0.0 0.0 95.9 WV BLUEFIELD 40 46 50.0 387.0 14095 419 12823 342 0.8 2.3 99.9 WV CHARLESTON 8 58 700.6 372.0 26724 934 25040 892 0.0 0.0 99.8 WV CHARLESTON 11 19 205.0 525.0 23880 858 21033 783 0.7 0.4 100.0 WV CHARLESTON 29 28 417.2 454.0 27749 851 26177 747 1.5 3.7 99.7 WV CLARKSBURG 12 52 2297.7 262.0 24125 613 21739 518 0.2 0.0 100.0 WV CLARKSBURG 46 45 50.0 244.0 8790 283 8007 256 4.7 3.3 100.0 WV GRANDVIEW 9 31 3437.7 305.0 26211 696 22486 550 0.0 0.0 99.8 WV HUNTINGTON 3 49 1163.7 388.0 30896 1073 28051 994 0.0 0.0 99.5 WV HUNTINGTON 13 55 616.2 387.0 27576 995 25903 956 3.3 2.4 100.0 WV HUNTINGTON 33 54 132.8 379.0 17072 733 16826 723 3.5 2.3 99.6 WV LEWISBURG 59 25 50.0 397.0 6535 109 5183 66 0.1 0.0 100.0 WV MARTINSBURG 60 12 3.2 312.0 13690 569 10756 495 0.1 0.0 100.0 WV MORGANTOWN 24 33 204.1 457.0 19624 1168 18948 1092 4.6 11.7 99.6 WV OAK HILL 4 43 5000.0 226.0 24616 631 22621 548 0.0 0.0 95.7 WV PARKERSBURG 15 32 50.0 189.0 8576 262 8224 252 0.7 1.2 100.0 WV WESTON 5 39 5000.0 268.0 28901 615 26116 521 0.0 0.0 99.0 WV WHEELING 7 56 2147.1 293.0 26707 2409 23677 1974 1.4 3.9 99.7 WY CASPER 2 41 4526.8 610.0 45075 79 46404 78 0.0 0.0 94.8 WY CASPER 14 16 86.3 573.0 22848 65 22080 65 0.0 0.0 100.0 WY CASPER 20 19 100.0 533.0 19283 69 18520 68 0.1 0.0 100.0 WY CHEYENNE 5 51 5000.0 189.0 23385 355 23132 364 0.0 0.0 94.4 WY CHEYENNE 27 28 300.0 232.0 13025 335 12680 328 0.0 0.1 100.0 WY CHEYENNE 33 32 50.0 148.0 4107 71 3863 71 0.0 0.0 100.0 WY JACKSON 2 25 50.0 304.0 4307 11 4571 11 0.0 0.0 93.9 WY LANDER 4 27 5000.0 463.0 36343 33 37717 33 0.0 0.0 95.6 WY LANDER 5 35 5000.0 82.0 18615 32 19838 32 0.0 0.0 93.0 WY RAWLINS 11 9 3.2 70.0 2406 10 2193 10 0.0 0.0 100.0 WY RIVERTON 10 17 848.4 526.0 26388 48 25206 47 0.0 0.0 99.7 WY ROCK SPRINGS 13 15 1084.6 521.0 35337 45 33035 45 0.0 0.0 100.0 WY SHERIDAN 9 15 50.0 291.0 8756 24 7734 24 0.0 0.0 100.0 WY SHERIDAN 12 18 3437.7 372.0 28891 38 27520 37 0.0 0.0 99.9 "W[h 99<%" PR AGUADA 50 63 17.4 343.0 14293 - 13149 - 0.0 - 100.0 PR AGUADILLA 12 69 1412.5 665.0 46002 - 38301 - 0.0 - 100.0 PR AGUADILLA 32 33 0.1 296.0 4436 - 4652 - 16.2 - 95.2 PR AGUADILLA 44 45 9.8 372.0 13603 - 13040 - 0.9 - 99.9 PR ARECIBO 54 53 85.1 600.0 26989 - 26609 - 4.8 - 99.5 PR ARECIBO 60 61 112.2 242.0 15542 - 15203 - 0.0 - 100.0 PR BAYAMON 36 57 0.1 329.0 2456 - 4283 - 19.4 - 56.9 PR CAGUAS 11 31 1445.4 355.0 30978 - 21824 - 0.0 - 100.0 PR CAGUAS 58 29 1.1 329.0 5979 - 8316 - 31.2 - 71.6 PR CAROLINA 52 27 29.5 585.0 20878 - 21606 - 6.0 - 95.4 PR FAJARDO 13 43 575.4 863.0 44628 - 32793 - 0.0 - 100.0 PR FAJARDO 40 55 58.9 839.0 29989 - 28987 - 8.8 - 99.9 PR GUAYAMA 46 21 87.1 642.0 28196 - 27957 - 0.3 - 100.0 PR HUMACAO 68 51 2.1 594.0 13296 - 13282 - 1.5 - 100.0 PR MAYAGUEZ 3 35 3090.3 691.0 53273 - 40712 - 0.0 - 100.0 PR MAYAGUEZ 5 23 3981.1 610.0 51958 - 44597 - 13.7 - 100.0 PR MAYAGUEZ 16 62 5.9 347.0 11899 - 11527 - 4.3 - 99.5 PR MAYAGUEZ 22 67 89.1 620.0 27808 - 27691 - 2.2 - 99.9 PR NARANJITO 64 65 31.6 142.0 10041 - 10359 - 11.5 - 95.8 PR PONCE 7 8 5.8 826.0 41703 - 46824 - 0.0 - 88.2 PR PONCE 9 41 776.2 857.0 46860 - 45732 - 0.0 - 99.9 PR PONCE 14 19 66.1 861.0 30951 - 30272 - 3.9 - 100.0 PR PONCE 20 10 0.1 259.0 8221 - 7812 - 20.1 - 84.4 PR PONCE 26 25 13.5 302.0 12756 - 12274 - 11.7 - 99.8 PR PONCE 48 47 1.2 247.0 7207 - 7081 - 18.9 - 99.8 PR SAN JUAN 2 56 1778.3 861.0 54453 - 46686 - 2.1 - 100.0 PR SAN JUAN 4 28 1737.8 873.0 54457 - 41839 - 1.3 - 100.0 PR SAN JUAN 6 49 1995.3 825.0 54301 - 41882 - 4.4 - 100.0 PR SAN JUAN 18 39 20.9 848.0 24576 - 22841 - 5.6 - 99.6 PR SAN JUAN 24 15 30.2 581.0 21912 - 21905 - 8.0 - 99.8 PR SAN JUAN 30 59 154.9 287.0 17973 - 17932 - 2.0 - 99.9 PR SAN SEBASTIAN 38 17 1.8 332.0 9400 - 8720 - 9.8 - 100.0 PR YAUCO 42 66 102.3 852.0 33555 - 31628 - 6.6 - 100.0 VI CHARLOTTE AMALI 10 5 14.5 558.0 37936 - 39160 - 0.0 - 96.7 VI CHARLOTTE AMALI 12 3 0.8 451.0 20181 - 15899 - 0.0 - 100.0 VI CHRISTIANSTED 8 38 851.1 347.0 28037 - 27277 - 18.4 - 100.0  yO# a4  p(ACG#______________________________________ Note: Data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands was unavailable in a form suitable for calculations related to population."l\h 99v %"  X- '3'3Standard/rJet 443'3'Standardor numbered pleading paperX6]  , @B-C-@  #Xj\  P6G;XP#hw.APPENDIX C INITIAL REGULATORY FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS  X-xAs required by Section 603 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act,; X4-ԍ 5 U.S.C.  603.; the Commission has prepared an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) of the expected significant economic impact on small entities by the policies and rules proposed in this Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making in MM Docket No. 87268. Written public comments are requested on the IRFA. Comments must be identified as responses to the IRFA and must be filed by the deadlines for comments on the Further Notice provided above in Section VIII. Need for and Objectives of the Proposed Rule: xIn this rule making action the Commission presents proposals for the policies, procedures and technical criteria that it will use in allotting channels for broadcast digital television (DTV), plans for the recovery of a portion of the spectrum currently allocated to  X -TV broadcasting, and a draft DTV Table of Allotments. The objective of this action is to obtain comment and information that will assist the Commission in allotting DTV channels. The Commission seeks to allot DTV channels in a manner that is most efficient for broadcasters and the public and least disruptive to broadcast television service during the period of transition from NTSC to DTV service and to recover spectrum.  X-Legal Basis: xThe proposed action is authorized under Sections 4(i), 7, 301, 302, 303 and 307 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. Sections 154(i), 157, 301, 302, 303 and 307.  X-Description and Estimate Of The Number Of Small Entities To Which The Rules Will Apply: 1. Definition of a "Small Business" xUnder the Regulatory Flexibility Act, small entities may include small organizations, small businesses, and small governmental jurisdictions. 5 U.S.C.  601(6). The Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C.  601(3) generally defines the term "small business" as having the same meaning as the term "small business concern" under the Small Business Act, 15 U.S.C.  632. A small business concern is one which: (1) is independently owned and operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and (3) satisfies any additional criteria established by  X!-the Small Business Administration ("SBA"). Id. According to the SBA's regulations, entities engaged in television broadcasting may have a maximum of $ 10.5 million in annual receipts  X#-in order to qualify as a small business concern.BH#y X'-ԍ This revenue cap appears to apply to noncommercial educational television stations, as  X(-well as to commercial television stations. See Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget, Standard Industrial Classification Manual (1987), at 283, which"{),**)" describes "Television Broadcasting Stations (SIC Code 4833) as: XxEstablishments primarily engaged in broadcasting visual programs by television to the public, except cable and other pay television services. Included in this industry are commercial, religious, educational and other television stations. Also included here are establishments primarily engaged in television broadcasting and which produce taped television program materials.  B 13 CFR 121.201. This standard also"#],**e"%" applies in determining whether an entity is a small business for purposes of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. xPursuant to 5 U.S.C.  601(3), the statutory definition of a small business applies "unless an agency after consultation with the Office of Advocacy of the Small Business Administration and after opportunity for public comment, establishes one or more definitions of such term which are appropriate to the activities of the agency and publishes such definition(s) in the Federal Register." While we tentatively believe that the foregoing definition of "small business" greatly overstates the number of television broadcast stations that are small businesses and is not suitable for purposes of determining the impact of the new  X -rules on small business, we did not propose an alternative definition in the IRFA.wy  X-ԍ We have pending proceedings seeking comment on the definition of and data relating to  X-small businesses. In our Notice of Inquiry in GN Docket No. 96113 (In the Matter of Section 257 Proceeding to Identify and Eliminate Market Entry Barriers for Small Businesses), FCC 96216, released May 21, 1996, we requested commenters to provide profile data about small telecommunications businesses in particular services, including television, and the market entry barriers they encounter, and we also sought comment as to how to define small businesses for purposes of implementing Section 257 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, which requires us to identify market entry barriers and to prescribe regulations to eliminate those barriers. 47 U.S.C  25. The comment and reply comment deadlines in  X-that proceeding have not yet elapsed. Additionally, in our Order and Notice of Proposed Rule  X-Making in MM Docket No. 9616 (In the Matter of Streamlining Broadcast EEO Rule and Policies, Vacating the EEO Forfeiture Policy Statement and Amending Section 1.80 of the Commission's Rules to Include EEO Forfeiture Guidelines), 11 FCC Rcd 5154 (1996), we invited comment as to whether relief should be afforded to stations: (1) based on small staff  Xa -and what size staff would be considered sufficient for relief, e.g., 10 or fewer fulltime employees; (2) based on operation in a small market; or (3) based on operation in a market with a small minority work force. We have not concluded the foregoing rule making.w  X -Accordingly, for purposes of this Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making, we utilize the SBA's definition in determining the number of small businesses to which the rules apply, but we reserve the right to adopt a more suitable definition of "small business" as applied to television broadcast stations and to consider further the issue of the number of small entities that are television broadcasters in the future. Further, in this IRFA, we will identify the different classes of small television stations that may be impacted by the rules adopted in this Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making. x"b^,**%"Ԍ 2. Issues in Applying the Definition of a "Small Business"  X- xThe SBA has defined "annual receipts" specifically in 13 C.F.R  104, and its calculations include an averaging process. We do not currently require submission of financial data from licensees that we could use to apply the SBA's definition of a small business. Thus, for purposes of estimating the number of small entities to which the rules apply, we are limited to considering the revenue data that are publicly available, and the revenue data on which we rely may not correspond completely with the SBA definition of annual receipts. xUnder SBA criteria for determining annual receipts, if a concern has acquired an affiliate or been acquired as an affiliate during the applicable averaging period for determining annual receipts, the annual receipts in determining size status include the receipts of both firms. 13 CFR 121.104(d)(1). The SBA defines affiliation in 13 CFR  121.103. While the Commission refers to an affiliate generally as a station affiliated with a network, the SBA's definition of affiliate is analogous to our attribution rules. Generally, under the SBA's definition, concerns are affiliates of each other when one concern controls or has the power to control the other, or a third party or parties controls or has the power to control both. 13 CFR  121.103(a)(1). The SBA considers factors such as ownership, management, previous relationships with or ties to another concern, and contractual relationships, in determining whether affiliation exists. 13 CFR  121.103(a)(2). Instead of making an independent determination of whether television stations were affiliated based on SBA's definitions, we relied on the industry data bases available to us to afford us that information. 3. Estimates Based on Census and BIA Data x According to the Census Bureau, in 1992, there were 1,155 out of 1,478 operating television stations with revenues of less than ten million dollars. This represents 78 percent  X|-of all television stations, including noncommercial stations.| X-ԍ The Commission's own records indicate that there are approximately 1,600 UHF and VHF commercial and noncommercial full service television stations that would be affected by the channel allotment proposals set forth in this Further Notice. See 1992 Census of  Xe-Transportation, Communications, and Utilities, Establishment and Firm Size, May 1995, at 125. The Census Bureau does not separate the revenue data by commercial and noncommercial stations in this report. Neither does it allow us to determine the number of stations with a maximum of 10.5 million dollars in annual receipts. Census data also indicates that 81 percent of operating firms (that owned at least one television station) had  X-revenues of less than $10 million.RvK X$-ԍAlternative data supplied by the U.S. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy indicate that 65 percent of TV owners (627 of 967) have less than $10 million in annual revenue and that 39 percent of TV stations (627 of 1,591) have less than $10 million in annual revenue. U.S. Small Business Administration 1992 Economic Census Industry and Enterprise Receipts Report, Table 2D (U.S. Census Business Data adopted by SBA). These data were prepared by the U.S. Census Bureau under contract to the Small Business"{),**q)" Administration. These data show a lower percentage of small businesses than the data supplied directly to us by the Census Bureau. Therefore, for purposes of our worst case analysis, we will use the data supplied directly to us by the Census Bureau.R "_K,**%"ԌxWe have also performed a separate study based on the data contained in the BIA Publications, Inc. Master Access Television Analyzer Database, which lists a total of 1,141 fullpower commercial television stations. It should be noted that the percentage figures derived from the data base may be underinclusive because the data base does not list revenue estimates for noncommercial educational stations, and these are therefore excluded from our calculations based on the data base. Noncommercial stations would be subject to the allotment rules and policies proposed herein. The data indicate that, based on 1995 revenue estimates, 440 fullpower commercial television stations had an estimated revenue of 10.5 million dollars or less. That represents 54 percent of commercial television stations with revenue estimates listed in the BIA program. The data base does not list estimated revenues for 331 stations. Using a worst case scenario, if those 331 stations for which no revenue is listed are counted as small stations, there would be a total of 771 stations with an estimated revenue of 10.5 million dollars or less, representing approximately 68 percent of the 1,141 commercial television stations listed in the BIA data base. xAlternatively, if we look at owners of commercial television stations as listed in the BIA data base, there are a total of 488 owners. The data base lists estimated revenues for 60 percent of these owners, or 295. Of these 295 owners, 158 or 54 percent had annual revenues of $10.5 million or less. Using a worst case scenario, if the 193 owners for which revenue is not listed are assumed to be small, the total of small entities would constitute 72 percent of owners. xIn summary, based on the foregoing worst case analysis using census data, we estimate that our rules will apply to as many as 1,155 commercial and noncommercial television stations (78 percent of all stations) that could be classified as small entities. Using a worst case analysis based on the data in the BIA data base, we estimate that as many as approximately 771 commercial television stations (about 68 percent of all commercial televisions stations) could be classified as small entities. As we noted above, these estimates are based on a definition that we believe greatly overstates the number of television broadcasters that are small businesses. Further, it should be noted that under the SBA's definitions, revenues of affiliates that are not television stations should be aggregated with the television station revenues in determining whether a concern is small. The estimates overstate the number of small entities since the revenue figures on which they are based do not include or aggregate such revenues from nontelevision affiliated companies. xThe proposed DTV Table of Allotments would also affect low power television (LPTV) and TV translator stations. The Commission's records indicate that currently, there are about 1,750 licensed LPTV stations and 5,050 licensed TV translators. The Commission has also issued about 1,400 construction permits for new LPTV stations. We do not collect individual station financial data for low power television (LPTV) Stations and TV translator stations. However, based on its experience with LPTV and TV translator stations, the Commission believes that all such stations have revenues of less than $10.5 million. We also"Q%`K,** $%" seek information on the number of low power stations that operate commercially and noncommercially. 4. Alternative Classification of Small Stations xAn alternative way to classify small television stations is by the number of employees. The Commission currently applies a standard based on the number of employees in  X_-administering its Equal Employment Opportunity Rule (EEO) for broadcasting.'1_ X-ԍThe Commission's definition of a small broadcast station for purposes of applying its EEO rule was adopted prior to the requirement of approval by the Small Business Administration pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Small Business Act, 15 U.S.C.  632(a), as amended by Section 222 of the Small Business Credit and Business Opportunity Enhancement Act of 1992, Pub. L. No. 102366,  222(b)(1), 106 Stat. 999 (1992), as further amended by the Small Business Administration Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 1994, Pub. L. No. 103403,  301, 108 Stat. 4187 (1994). However, this definition was adopted after the  X7-public notice and the opportunity for comment. See Report and Order in Docket No. 18244, 23 FCC 2d 430 (1970).' Thus, radio or television stations with fewer than five fulltime employees are exempted from certain EEO  X1-reporting and recordkeeping requirements.| 1  X-ԍSee, e.g., 47 CFR  73.3612 (Requirement to file annual employment reports on Form  X-395 applies to licensees with five or more fulltime employees); First Report and Order in Docket No. 21474 (In the Matter of Amendment of Broadcast Equal Employment Opportunity  X^-Rules and FCC Form 395), 70 FCC 2d 1466 (1979). The Commission is currently considering how to decrease the administrative burdens imposed by the EEO rule on small  X0-stations while maintaining the effectiveness of our broadcast EEO enforcement. Order and  X-Notice of Proposed Rule Making in MM Docket No. 9616 (In the Matter of Streamlining Broadcast EEO Rule and Policies, Vacating the EEO Forfeiture Policy Statement and Amending Section 1.80 of the Commission's Rules to Include EEO Forfeiture Guidelines), 11 FCC Rcd 5154 (1996). One option under consideration is whether to define a small station  X-for purposes of affording such relief as one with ten or fewer fulltime employees. Id. at  21.| We estimate that the total numbers of commercial and noncommercial television stations with 4 or fewer employees are 132 and 136,  X -respectively. u X)!-ԍCompilation of 1995 Broadcast Station Annual Employment Reports (FCC form 395B), Equal Opportunity Employment Branch, Mass Media Bureau, FCC. These estimates do not include LPTV stations, for which the Commission does not collect employment data.  X -Description of Projected Reporting, Recordkeeping and Other Compliance Requirements: xThe proposals set forth in this action would involve no changes to reporting, recordkeeping and other compliance requirements beyond what is already required under the current regulations. "Ka,** %"Ԍ X-Federal Rules Which Overlap, Duplicate or Conflict With These Rules xNone.  X-Significant Alternatives To Proposed Rules Which Minimize Significant Economic Impact of  X-Small Entities and Accomplish Stated Objectives: xThe DTV Table of Allotments proposed in this action will affect all of the commercial and noncommercial broadcast television stations eligible for a DTV channel in the transition period and a significant number of the low power and TV translator stations. It is expected that the proposed allotments will constitute the population of channels on which broadcasters will operate DTV service in the future. Allotment of these channels is therefore expected to be very important to the broadcast community. All of the affected stations will have to obtain new transmission facilities and, to a varying extent, production equipment to operate on the new DTV channels. The cost of equipment to operate on these new channels is expected to  X -vary from $750,000 upwards to $10 million.  v  X -ԍ See William Y. Zou (PBS) and James A Kutzner (Twin Cities Public Television) "Practical Implementation of Advanced Television: Update 1996" presented at the 30th SMPTE Advanced Motion Imaging Conference, Feb. 1-3, 1996, Seattle WA., at page 16; and  X-Broadcaster's Comments responding to the Fourth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking  X-and Third Notice of Inquiry (Fourth Further Notice) in MM docket No. 87268, 10 FCC 10541 (1995), at p. 13.  The actual cost of equipment is expected to vary in accordance with the degree to which the station becomes involved in DTV programming and origination. xThe proposed DTV Table of Allotments will also affect low power television (LPTV) and TV translator stations. Total investment in the LPTV and TV translator facilities is  X-estimated to be about $150 $250 million.  X-ԍ See Comments of the Community Broadcasters Association in response to the Fourth  X-Further Notice, at p. 1. Studies by the FCC staff indicate that there is  X-not sufficient spectrum to accommodate both low power stations and DTV stations.b 1  XW-ԍ See Second Report and Order/Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making (Second  X@ -Report/Further Notice) in MM Docket No. 87268, 7 FCC Rcd 3340, at paras. 3945; and  X)!-Second Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making (Second Further Notice), 7 FCC Rcd 5376  X"-(1992), at para. 41. See also "Interim Report: Estimate of the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced Television (ATV) in the Existing Broadcast Television Bands," OET Technical Memorandum, FCC/OET TM881, August 1988 and, "Interim Report: Further Studies on the Availability of Spectrum for Advanced Television," OET Technical Memorandum, FCC/OET TM891, December 1989; and, "Preliminary Analysis of VHF and UHF Planning Subcommittee Working Party 3, Doc. 0174 (June 1991).b These studies estimate that up to about onethird of all LPTV stations and onequarter of all TV translators may have to cease operation to make way for DTV stations. In general, most LPTV stations within major markets will be affected, while rural operations will be affected"b ,**S%"  X-to lesser degrees. In this regard, we note that, at our December 12, 1995, en banc meeting on digital television, Mr. Sherwin Grossman of the Community Broadcasters Association expressed concern about the impact that implementation of DTV service would have on the  X-low power TV industry.  X4-ԍ See Testimony of Sherwin Grossman, Community Broadcasters Association, FCC En  X-Banc Meeting on Children's Television, December 12, 1995, at pp. 2 and 47. He argued that to avoid affecting low power TV service we should pick a date or range of dates and require all existing stations to convert to DTV service, rather than giving them a second channel, and that we should not look to recover TV spectrum until everyone who needs broadcast service is able to receive it. Similarly, Abacus Television  X_-(Abacus), in comments submitted in response to our Fourth Further Notice, argued that we should attempt to protect low power stations in order to protect the unique and diverse  X1-services that low power stations provide the public. 1f XH -ԍ See generally Comments of Abacus Television Company in response to the Fourth  X1-Further Notice.  X -xThe process of creating DTV channel allotments is an optimization task that offers a great number of possible alternative "mixes" of channel allotments for each community. In evaluating the merits of allotment alternatives, the Commission intends to make every effort to accommodate the needs and concerns of all affected parties. We also intend to consider negotiated allotment/assignment agreements submitted by broadcasters. We expect that the final Table that is adopted will contain a number of revisions of the allotments proposed herein. As indicated above, we also intend to consider policies for minimizing the impact of our DTV allotment and spectrum recovery proposals on low power stations. In particular, we are proposing to permit displaced low power stations to apply for a suitable replacement channel in the same area without being subject to competing applications. We will also permit low power stations to operate until a displacing DTV station or new service provider is operational. Further, we are proposing to allow low power stations to file nonwindow displacement relief applications to change their operating parameters to cure or prevent interference caused to or received from a DTV station or other protected service. Finally, we intend to explore other possibilities that would preserve access to LPTV programming. One approach would be to require DTV stations to devote a portion of their channel capacity to the carriage of local LPTV stations that are displaced. Another approach would be to require that all full service broadcasters in a market agree on some arrangement for the carriage of the programming of displaced LPTV stations during the transition. We recognize that in addition to the costs incurred to upgrade engineering and technical operations from analog to digital transmission, small stations will also incur costs to promote their new channel identification. Such costs may include: advertising and publicity onair and additional media; changes to the signage mounted in studio and newsroom sets; channel identification on vehicles, camera/video equipment and accessories; graphic design, typesetting and printing costs for new stationary and paper products; and the production of sales marketing and promotional materials. We seek comment on the type of modifications,"#c ,**"%" production and costs necessary to facilitate a transition to a new channel and the economic impact these expenses will have on small commercial and noncommercial television stations. We seek comment on whether the Commission should adopt measures that will assist small stations (as classified under either the SBA definition or their number of employees) in their  X-transition, either in their cost to upgrade technical operations or new channel identification.- X-ԍ SBREFA allows the Commission, inter alia, to consider whether there should be "the establishment of differing compliance or reporting requirements or timetables that take into account the resources available to small entities." 5 U.S.C.  603(c)(2).- If such measures should be taken, please provide recommendations and state with particularity what class of small stations should be the beneficiaries of such proposals. It is possible that there may be some small stations that will be required to move a second  X1-time,J1K X--ԍ See para. 21, supra.J and will incur additional costs, within a relatively short period of time, to promote their new DTV channel identification. We seek comments on how to minimize or offset these additional costs to a small station who is also subjected to a second move." d,** %"  X-  @C-@#XP\  P6QXP#SEPARATE STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN REED E. HUNDTTP  X-Re:XxDigital Television Systems and Their Impact Upon the Existing Television Broadcast  Xx-Service, Sixth Further Notice of Proposed Rule Making,(# xMM Docket No. 87268  X - xI am pleased that we are moving forward on launching digital television. xThe staff of our Office of Engineering and Technology has worked long and hard on the allotment plan we issue today for comment. They have developed a plan that they strongly believe serves the public interest, and I'm certainly inclined to agree. xThe plan accommodates every eligible full-service broadcaster. It replicates broadcasters' current service areas. It uses both the VHF and UHF bands. It is neutral as between interference caused to digital and analog stations, as opposed to disfavoring analog stations. This is a series of reversals from the Commission's position in 1992. Between then and now, broadcasters presented facts and arguments during regular meetings with our staff that persuaded them to change course. And I'm inclined to support the staff plan in those respects. xOn one issue broadcasters have failed to persuade our staff: whether we should attempt to place as many digital licenses as possible in what ultimately will be the core digital broadcast spectrum. The staff believes that we should maximize digital allotments in the spectrum at channels 751, the core, and minimize digital allotments elsewhere. Again, I'm inclined to agree. xDoing so has important benefits. It limits the amount of "repacking" the Commission would have to do later on. Repacking would involve moving broadcasters from one channel to another, which could be costly for broadcasters and distracting to viewers. xAn even greater benefit is that the OET approach carries with it the possibility of rapid recovery of a substantial amount of spectrum. It would allow us to recover in the near future the vast bulk of the 60 MHz of spectrum at channels 60-69, which is lightly used by analog broadcasters. We could auction that spectrum for flexible use, generating funds that could be used for many purposes, including rebuilding schools and funding PBS. We could also use a portion of that spectrum to solve the serious spectrum needs of the public safety community. We've had great luck traveling this road before. Roughly 20 years ago we recovered UHF TV channels 7084 and reallocated them for cellular telephone service, a decision that helped jumpstart an industry and that has paid enormous dividends. xFor these reasons a diverse collection of organizations has urged us to give serious consideration to the OET corespectrum plan with a view toward adopting it: the Association")e,**n(%" of Public Safety Communications Officials, the National Governors Association, the Association of Public Television Stations, and the National Taxpayers Union. xThe benefits of the OET plan appear to be enormous. And the costs appear to be minimal. xNone of the broadcasters now at channels 60-69 will be harmed, nor would the handful of digital broadcasters that would be placed there. These broadcasters' channels would not be auctioned and their operations would be protected against interference. If the Commission ultimately decides as it did in connection with PCS to require new licensees to pay for relocating incumbents, the OET plan could be enormously beneficial to broadcasters at channels 6069. xThe difference in interference and replication between the OET plan and one that would put many digital broadcasters at channels 60-69, as MSTV has advocated, appears to be extremely small. The difference is a maximum of 1.4% for replication and 0.7% for interference. Using even more precise calculations (LongleyRice calculations), the OET plan achieves 99% geographic and population replication. It is virtually impossible that any other plan could do noticeably better. xIt is true that the OET allotment plan raises some difficult issues with respect to low power television and translator stations. But that is true of the approach that MSTV has advocated, and it is true of any plan that attempts to find spectrum for more than 1600 broadcast licensees. We will work closely with the low power and translator industries to find creative solutions to these problems. xThe NPRM specifically asks for comments on the costs and benefits of the OET approach as compared to the MSTV approach or any other approach. I look forward to thorough comments and hard data on costs and benefits. The Commission should, of course, adopt a DTV allotment plan that maximizes social benefits and minimizes social costs. xTwo last points. In addition to the principles that animate the allotment plan on which we seek comment, the NPRM contains as an appendix a draft Table of Allotments. xLet me stress that this is a draft. Our staff will continue to improve on it, and it will do so working cooperatively with the broadcast industry.  X!- xAlso, our Notice anticipates industry-generated deviations from the Table both before and after its adoption. It encourages broadcasters in a community to propose alternative plans before adoption of the Table, and -- accepting a suggestion from MSTV -- it proposes that the Commission look to a "frequency coordinator" after adoption of the Table to help address modifications to it. This flexibility could, for example, allow broadcasters in a community to choose to share a single transmitter, reducing the costs of building a digital system and perhaps facilitating the development of overtheair broadcasting as a multichannel competitor to cable. "(f,**'%"Ԍ X- xOET has worked extremely long, extremely hard and extremely well on this delicate and difficult task. They should be commended for their diligence in striving to put together a plan that will fully serve the public interest. Xhp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: