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                                   Before the

                       Federal Communications Commission

                             Washington, D.C. 20554

   In the Matter of Jared A. Bruegman Bolivar, MO ) ) ) ) ) ) File Number:
   EB-FIELDSCR-12-00005740 NAL/Acct. No.: 201332560003 FRN: 0003872686




                  NOTICE OF APPARENT LIABILITY FOR FORFEITURE

   Adopted: February 25, 2013 Released: February 25, 2013

   By the District Director, Kansas City Office, South Central Region,
   Enforcement Bureau:

   I. INTRODUCTION

    1. In this Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture (NAL), we find
       that Jared A. Bruegman apparently willfully violated Section 301 of
       the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (Act),^ by operating an
       unlicensed radio transmitter on the frequency 14.312 MHz in Bolivar,
       Missouri. We conclude that Mr. Bruegman  is apparently liable for a
       forfeiture in the amount of ten thousand dollars ($10,000).

   II. BACKGROUND

    2. On December 18, 2012, in response to a complaint of interference to
       amateur radio communications, agents from the Enforcement Bureau's
       Kansas City Office (Kansas City Office) heard a male voice
       transmitting on the frequency 14.312 MHz. They used direction-finding
       techniques to locate the source of radio frequency transmissions on
       the frequency 14.312 MHz to a transmitting antenna mounted on a pole
       next to a residence in Bolivar, Missouri. The agents determined that
       the signals on 14.312 MHz exceeded the limits for operation under Part
       15 of the Commission's rules (Rules),^ and therefore required a
       license. The Commission's records showed that no authorization was
       issued to Mr. Bruegman for operation of a radio transmitter on 14.312
       MHz at or near this location.

    3. Immediately after locating the source of the signals on 14.312 MHz,
       the agents inspected the unlicensed radio transmitter, which was
       located in a bedroom in the Bolivar residence. Mr. Bruegman was the
       only person present in the bedroom and the only male in the residence
       during the inspection. Mr. Bruegman admitted to the agents that he
       owned the radio transmitter. The agents observed that the transmitter
       was turned on and tuned to 14.311 MHz.^ Mr. Bruegman told the agents
       that he had no current Commission licenses, but that he previously
       held an Amateur Radio license, call sign KC0IQN.^ Mr. Bruegman told
       the agents he would remove the microphone from his transmitter and
       only use it as a receiver.

   III. DISCUSSION

    4. Section 503(b) of the Act provides that any person who willfully or
       repeatedly fails to comply substantially with the terms and conditions
       of any license, or willfully or repeatedly fails to comply with any of
       the provisions of the Act or of any rule, regulation, or order issued
       by the Commission thereunder, shall be liable for a forfeiture
       penalty.^ Section 312(f)(1) of the Act defines "willful" as the
       "conscious and deliberate commission or omission of [any] act,
       irrespective of any intent to violate" the law.^ The legislative
       history to Section 312(f)(1) of the Act clarifies that this definition
       of willful applies to both Sections 312 and 503(b) of the Act,^ and
       the Commission has so interpreted the term in the Section 503(b)
       context.^  The Commission may also assess a forfeiture for violations
       that are merely repeated, and not willful.^  The term "repeated" means
       the commission or omission of such act more than once or for more than
       one day.^

   A. Unlicensed Station Operation

    5. The evidence in this case is sufficient to establish that Mr. Bruegman
       violated Section 301 of the Act. Section 301 of the Act states that no
       person shall use or operate any apparatus for the transmission of
       energy or communications or signals by radio within the United States,
       except under and in accordance with the Act and with a license granted
       under the provisions of the Act.^  The record shows that on December
       18, 2012, agents from the Kansas City Office determined that an
       unlicensed station on the frequency 14.312 MHz operated from a room in
       a residence in Bolivar, Missouri. A review of the Commission's records
       revealed that no license or authorization was issued to Mr. Bruegman
       to operate a radio station on 14.312 MHz from this location. Mr.
       Bruegman admitted owning the radio transmitting equipment and was the
       sole person located in the room when the transmitting equipment was
       powered on and tuned to 14.311MHz. The difference in frequency between
       the agents' receiver and Mr. Bruegman's transmitter is negligible and
       can be attributed to calibration differences. Because Mr. Bruegman
       consciously operated the radio transmitter, the apparent violations of
       the Act were willful. We therefore conclude, based on the evidence
       before us, that Mr. Bruegman  apparently willfully violated Section
       301 of the Act by operating radio transmission equipment without the
       required Commission authorization.

    B. Proposed Forfeiture Amount

    6. Pursuant to the Commission's Forfeiture Policy Statement and Section
       1.80 of the Rules, the base forfeiture amount for operation without an
       instrument of authorization is $10,000.^ In assessing the monetary
       forfeiture amount, we must also take into account the statutory
       factors set forth in Section 503(b)(2)(E) of the Act, which include
       the nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violations, and
       with respect to the violator, the degree of culpability, any history
       of prior offenses, ability to pay, and other such matters as justice
       may require.^ Applying the Forfeiture Policy Statement, Section 1.80
       of the Rules, and the statutory factors to the instant case, we
       conclude that Mr. Bruegman is apparently liable for a forfeiture in
       the amount of $10,000.

   IV. ORDERING CLAUSES

    7. Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that, pursuant to Section 503(b) of the
       Communications Act of 1934, as amended, and Sections 0.111, 0.311,
       0.314, and 1.80 of the Commission's rules, Jared A. Bruegman is hereby
       NOTIFIED of this APPARENT LIABILITY FOR A FORFEITURE in the amount of
       ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for violation of Section 301 of the
       Act.^

    8. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that, pursuant to Section 1.80 of the
       Commission's rules, within thirty (30) calendar days of the release
       date of this Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture, Jared A.
       Bruegman  SHALL PAY the full amount of the proposed forfeiture or
       SHALL FILE a written statement seeking reduction or cancellation of
       the proposed forfeiture.

    9. Payment of the forfeiture must be made by check or similar instrument,
       wire transfer, or credit card, and must include the NAL/Account number
       and FRN referenced above. Jared A. Bruegman will also send electronic
       notification on the date said payment is made to SCR-Response@fcc.gov.
       Regardless of the form of payment, a completed FCC Form 159
       (Remittance Advice) must be submitted.^ When completing the FCC Form
       159, enter the Account Number in block number 23A (call sign/other ID)
       and enter the letters "FORF" in block number 24A (payment type
       code).  Below are additional instructions you should follow based on
       the form of payment you select:

     * Payment by check or money order must be made payable to the order of
       the Federal Communications Commission.  Such payments (along with the
       completed Form 159) must be mailed to Federal Communications
       Commission, P.O. Box 979088, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000, or sent
       via overnight mail to U.S. Bank - Government Lockbox #979088,
       SL-MO-C2-GL, 1005 Convention Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63101.

     * Payment by wire transfer must be made to ABA Number 021030004,
       receiving bank TREAS/NYC, and Account Number 27000001.  To complete
       the wire transfer and ensure appropriate crediting of the wired funds,
       a completed Form 159 must be faxed to U.S. Bank at (314) 418-4232 on
       the same business day the wire transfer is initiated.

     * Payment by credit card must be made by providing the required credit
       card information on FCC Form 159 and signing and dating the Form 159
       to authorize the credit card payment. The completed Form 159 must then
       be mailed to Federal Communications Commission, P.O. Box 979088, St.
       Louis, MO 63197-9000, or sent via overnight mail to U.S. Bank -
       Government Lockbox #979088, SL-MO-C2-GL, 1005 Convention Plaza, St.
       Louis, MO 63101.

   10. Any request for full payment under an installment plan should be sent
       to:  Chief Financial Officer--Financial Operations, Federal
       Communications Commission, 445 12th Street, S.W., Room 1-A625,
       Washington, D.C.  20554.^  If you have questions regarding payment
       procedures, please contact the Financial Operations Group Help Desk by
       phone, 1-877-480-3201, or by e-mail, ARINQUIRIES@fcc.gov.

   11. The written statement seeking reduction or cancellation of the
       proposed forfeiture, if any, must include a detailed factual statement
       supported by appropriate documentation and affidavits pursuant to
       Sections 1.16 and 1.80(f)(3) of the Rules.^ Mail the written statement
       to Federal Communications Commission, Enforcement Bureau, South
       Central Region, Kansas City Office, 520 N.E. Colbern Rd., 2nd Floor,
       Lees Summit, Missouri  64086-4711, and include the NAL/Acct. No.
       referenced in the caption. Jared A. Bruegman also shall e-mail the
       written response to SCR-Response@fcc.gov.

   12. The Commission will not consider reducing or canceling a forfeiture in
       response to a claim of inability to pay unless the petitioner submits:
       (1) federal tax returns for the most recent three-year period; (2)
       financial statements prepared according to generally accepted
       accounting practices (GAAP); or (3) some other reliable and objective
       documentation that accurately reflects the petitioner's current
       financial status. Any claim of inability to pay must specifically
       identify the basis for the claim by reference to the financial
       documentation submitted.

   13. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that a copy of this Notice of Apparent Liability
       for Forfeiture shall be sent by both Certified Mail, Return Receipt
       Requested, and First Class Mail to Jared A. Bruegman at his address of
       record.

   FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

   Ronald D. Ramage

   District Director

   Kansas City Office

   South Central Region

   Enforcement Bureau

   ^ 47 U.S.C. S 301.

   ^ Part 15 of the Rules sets out the conditions and technical requirements
   under which certain radio transmission devices may be used without a
   license. In relevant part, Section 15.209 of the Rules provides that
   non-licensed operation in the 1.705-30 MHz band is permitted only if the
   field strength of the transmission does not exceed 30 mV/m at thirty
   meters. 47 C.F.R. S 15.209.

   ^ Mr. Bruegman's transmitter may have been calibrated differently than the
   agents' receiver, which would explain the differential in frequency. The
   differential is considered negligible and does not affect our analysis.

   ^ Commission records show that Mr. Bruegman's Technician Class Amateur
   Radio license expired August 17, 2010. See Universal Licensing System,
   Call Sign KC0IQN. Mr. Bruegman's expired license did not authorize
   operations on 14.312 MHz. See 47 C.F.R. S 97.301(e) (authorized frequency
   bands for operator of Technician Class license).

   ^ 47 U.S.C. S 503(b).

   ^ 47 U.S.C. S 312(f)(1).

   ^ H.R. Rep. No. 97-765, 97th Cong. 2d Sess. 51 (1982) ("This provision
   [inserted in Section 312] defines the terms `willful' and `repeated' for
   purposes of section 312, and for any other relevant section of the act
   (e.g., Section 503) . . . . As defined[,] . . . `willful' means that the
   licensee knew that he was doing the act in question, regardless of whether
   there was an intent to violate the law. `Repeated' means more than once,
   or where the act is continuous, for more than one day. Whether an act is
   considered to be `continuous' would depend upon the circumstances in each
   case. The definitions are intended primarily to clarify the language in
   Sections 312 and 503, and are consistent with the Commission's application
   of those terms . . . .").

   ^ See, e.g., Application for Review of Southern California Broadcasting
   Co., Memorandum Opinion and Order, 6 FCC Rcd 4387, 4388 (1991), recons.
   denied, 7 FCC Rcd 3454 (1992).

   ^ See, e.g., Callais Cablevision, Inc., Notice of Apparent Liability for
   Monetary Forfeiture, 16 FCC Rcd 1359, 1362, para. 10 (2001) (Callais
   Cablevision, Inc.) (proposing a forfeiture for, inter alia, a cable
   television operator's repeated signal leakage).

   ^ Section 312(f)(2) of the Act, 47 U.S.C. S 312(f)(2), which also applies
   to violations for which forfeitures are assessed under Section 503(b) of
   the Act, provides that "[t]he term 'repeated', when used with reference to
   the commission or omission of any act, means the commission or omission of
   such act more than once or, if such commission or omission is continuous,
   for more than one day." See Callais Cablevision, Inc., 16 FCC Rcd  at
   1362.

   ^ 47 U.S.C. S 301.

   ^ The Commission's Forfeiture Policy Statement and Amendment of Section
   1.80 of the Rules to Incorporate the Forfeiture Guidelines, Report and
   Order, 12 FCC Rcd 17087 (1997) (Forfeiture Policy Statement), recons.
   denied, 15 FCC Rcd 303 (1999); 47 C.F.R. S 1.80.

   ^ 47 U.S.C. S 503(b)(2)(E).

   ^ 47 U.S.C. SS  301, 503(b); 47 C.F.R. SS 0.111, 0.311, 0.314, 1.80

   ^ An FCC Form 159 and detailed instructions for completing the form may be
   obtained at http://www.fcc.gov/Forms/Form159/159.pdf.

   ^ See 47 C.F.R. S 1.1914.

   ^ 47 C.F.R. SS 1.16, 1.80(f)(3).

   Federal Communications Commission DA 13-248

                                       2

   Federal Communications Commission DA 13-248